The twiddler syndrome is maker malfunction, in which vice in its pocket results in an uncommon cause of pace-twisting or rotating of the delead retraction or coiling and subsequent malfunction of an implanted devices ...The twiddler syndrome is maker malfunction, in which vice in its pocket results in an uncommon cause of pace-twisting or rotating of the delead retraction or coiling and subsequent malfunction of an implanted devices such as a pacemaker, an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator （ICD）, cardiac resynchronization therapy （CRT）.展开更多
Introduction： breast implants have been used to correct the size and the form of a breast in post-mastectomy breast reconstruction, for correcting congenital defects and deformities or for purely aesthetic breast aug...Introduction： breast implants have been used to correct the size and the form of a breast in post-mastectomy breast reconstruction, for correcting congenital defects and deformities or for purely aesthetic breast augmentation. Silicone breast implants were introduced in the 1960s. They are non without complications, like rupture is or silicone gel bleeding. Materials and methods： the authors present the case of 50 patients, aged 45-55, who presented to our attention after 15 （＋ 5） years of the application of silicone breast implant for the appearance of lumps under the skin in the armpit area. These were palpable, painless except on palpation. The patients reported burning in the affected area, but no other symptoms. Results： considering the presence in each of them of silicone implants, and assuming a possible allergic basis, the authors performed a patch test series S1DAPA produced by F.I.R.M.A Spa, Firenze, ultrasound and MR and blood tests. In all patients the allergy test （patch test） were negative, ultrasound and MR have shown that no hearing was damaged or broken. Blood test showed no abnormalities. Discussion： comparing the authors＇ study with other similar works in the literature, they noted that the reported cases of hypersensitivity type 4 silicone prosthesis was not only initially accompanied by specific symptoms such as urticaria and blistering, but mostly it was found to be a net positive patch test. The absence of urticaria, the low values of lgE and total negativity of patch test confirmed the purely inflammatory nature of the lesions in our patients.展开更多
Outpatient percutaneous liver biopsy is a common practice in the differential diagnosis and treatment of chronic liver disease. The major complication and mortality rate were about 2-4% and 0.01-0.33% respectively. Ar...Outpatient percutaneous liver biopsy is a common practice in the differential diagnosis and treatment of chronic liver disease. The major complication and mortality rate were about 2-4% and 0.01-0.33% respectively. Arterio-portal fistula as a complication of percutaneous liver biopsy was infrequently seen and normally asymptomatic. Hemobilia, which accounted for about 3% of overall major percutaneous liver biopsy complications, resulted rarely from arterio-portal fistula We report a hemobilia case of 68 years old woman who was admitted for abdominal pain after liver biopsy. The initial ultrasonography revealed a gallbladder polypoid tumor and common bile duct (CBD) dilatation. Blood clot was extracted as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) showed hemobilia. The patient was shortly readmitted because of recurrence of symptoms. A celiac angiography showed an intrahepatic arterio-portal fistula. After superselective embolization of the feeding artery, the patient was discharged uneventfully. Most cases of hemobilia caused by percutaneous liver biopsy resolved spontaneously. Selective angiography embolization or surgical intervention is reserved for patients who failed to respond to conservative treatment.展开更多
[Objective] Sausage making using fermentation agents including Staphylococcus xylosus(C18), Lactobacillus plantarum(L26), and Debaryomyces Hansenula(Y163). [Method] With adoption of preliminary experiments and single ...[Objective] Sausage making using fermentation agents including Staphylococcus xylosus(C18), Lactobacillus plantarum(L26), and Debaryomyces Hansenula(Y163). [Method] With adoption of preliminary experiments and single factor experiment, we measured production pH, and in combination with sensory analysis, we managed to evaluate the fermentation agents, addition method, and addition proportion formula. [Conclusion] At total inoculation of 1×107 cfu/g, and with processing method of simultaneous addition, the optimal addition proportion is L:C:Y =1:2:1.展开更多
This paper investigates how national income distribution among the corporate, government, and household sectors has changed from 1992 to 2005 using the Flow of Funds Accounts adjusted after the National Economic Censu...This paper investigates how national income distribution among the corporate, government, and household sectors has changed from 1992 to 2005 using the Flow of Funds Accounts adjusted after the National Economic Census 2004. We analyze the changes in institutional distribution of national income from the primary and secondary distribution of national income, with a focus on explaining the fall in the household sector＇s share of the national income pie since 1996. To analyze the primary distribution of national income among institutional sectors, we formulate the share of each sector in primary national income as the weighted average of the product of factor income share using each sector＇s proportion of the different types of factor income as weights. With this formula, we adjust factor income shares in the Flow of Funds Account, re-compute the distribution of disposable income by institutional sector from 1993 to 2005, and extrapolate the distribution to 2006 and 2007. Our findings are： the share of the household sector in national disposable income reached its peak in 1996, and declined by over twelve percentage points between 1996 and 2005, of which 10.71 and 2.01 percentage points were due to primary distribution and secondary distribution respectively. In contrast, the share of the corporate and government sectors in primary distribution increased by 7.49 and 3.21 percentage points respectively. In secondary distribution, the share of the government sector further increased by 3.17 percentage points, at the expense of the other two sectors. We also find that the decline in the share of labor income and property income in factor income distribution are the two main sources for the decline in the household share of primary distribution. In the period 2005-2007, the household share of national income fell further by over three percentage points, mostly resulting from the increase in the share of net production tax.展开更多
Skeletal muscle fitness plays vital roles in human health and disease and is determined by developmental as well as physiological inputs. These inputs control and coordinate muscle fiber programs, including capacity f...Skeletal muscle fitness plays vital roles in human health and disease and is determined by developmental as well as physiological inputs. These inputs control and coordinate muscle fiber programs, including capacity for fuel burning, mitochondrial ATP production, and contraction. Recent studies have demonstrated crucial roles for nuclear receptors and their co-activators, and micro RNAs(mi RNAs) in the regulation of skeletal muscle energy metabolism and fiber type determination. In this review, we present recent progress in the study of nuclear receptor signaling and mi RNA networks in muscle fiber type switching. We also discuss the therapeutic potential of nuclear receptors and mi RNAs in disease states that are associated with loss of muscle fitness.展开更多
We aimed to review the history of the introduction and colonization of the raccoon dog Nyctereutes procyonoides in Europe, the features behind its successful expansion and its impact on native fauna. The raccoon dog q...We aimed to review the history of the introduction and colonization of the raccoon dog Nyctereutes procyonoides in Europe, the features behind its successful expansion and its impact on native fauna. The raccoon dog quickly colonized new areas after being introduced to the European part of the former Soviet Union. Today it is widespread in Northern and Eastern Europe and is still spreading in Central Europe. Features behind its success include its adaptability, high reproductive potential, omnivory, hibernation in northem areas, multiple introductions with 〉 9000 individuals from different localities, and tendency to wander enabling gene flow between populations. Firm evidence of the raccoon dog＇s negative impact on native fauna, such as a reduction in bird populations, is still scarce. Raccoon dogs may destroy waterfowl nests, although a nest predation study in Latvia did not confirm this. Predator removal studies in Finland suggested that the raccoon dog＇s impact on game birds is smaller than expected. However, raccoon dogs may have caused local extinction of frog populations, especially on islands. Raccoon dogs may compete with other carnivores for food, for example for carrion in winter, or for the best habitat patches. In northern Europe potential competitors include the red fox Vulpes vulpes and the badger Meles meles, but studies of their diets or habitat preferences do not indicate severe competition. The raccoon dog is an important vector of diseases and parasites, such as rabies, Echinococcus mul-tilocularis and Trichinella spp. and this is no doubt the most severe consequence arising from the spread of this alien species in Europe [Current Zoology 57 （5）： 584-598, 2011].展开更多
This article reviews biological invasions in which predation （or its absence） plays a major role in the success of the invader. Examples are described in which the invader out-competes native species for the same fo...This article reviews biological invasions in which predation （or its absence） plays a major role in the success of the invader. Examples are described in which the invader out-competes native species for the same food, and cases in which the in-vader consumes valued native species. In many instances, better predator avoidance by the invasive species or the absence of predators in the new habitat contributes to the success of the invaders; in other cases native or introduced predators appear to be able to keep the invasive species in check. A relatively new management approach in the US is the idea of adding another trophic level - to have humans act as the predators and consume the invasive species. This approach is being utilized in Florida and throughout the Caribbean against the lionfish, but could be extended to other fishes, as well as to various invasive crustaceans and mollusks. This idea is controversial, and current regulations prohibiting the possession of individuals of the invasive species （e.g., mitten crabs or snakefish） would preclude the development of a fishery for them [Current Zoology 57 （5）： 613~524, 2011].展开更多
Species invasions threaten marine biodiversity globally. There is a concern that climate change is exacerbating this problem. Here, we examined some of the potential effects of warming water temperatures on the invasi...Species invasions threaten marine biodiversity globally. There is a concern that climate change is exacerbating this problem. Here, we examined some of the potential effects of warming water temperatures on the invasion of Western Atlantic habitats by a marine predator, the Indo-Pacific lionfish （Pterois volitans and P. miles）. We focussed on two temperature-dependent aspects of lionfish life-history and behaviour： pelagic larval duration, because of its link to dispersal potential, and prey consump- tion rate, because it is an important determinant of the impacts of lionfish on native prey. Using models derived from fundamental metabolic theory, we predict that the length of time spent by lionfish in the plankton in early life should decrease with warming temperatures, with a concomitant reduction in potential dispersal distance. Although the uncertainty around change in dispersal distances is large, predicted reductions are, on average, more than an order of magnitude smaller than the current rate of range expansion of lionfisli in the Caribbean. Nevertheless, because shorter pelagic larval duration has the potential to increase local re- tention of larvae, local lionfish management will become increasingly important under projected climate change. Increasing tem- perature is also expected to worsen the current imbalance between rates of prey consumption by lionfish and biomass production by their prey, leading to a heightened decline in native reef fish biomass. However, the magnitude of climate-induced decline is predicted to be minor compared to the effect of current rates of lionfish population increases （and hence overall prey consumption rates） on invaded reefs. Placing the predicted effects of climate change in the current context thus reveals that, at least for the lionfish invasion, the threat is clear and present, rather than future [Current Zoology 58 （1）： 1-8, 2012].展开更多
文摘The twiddler syndrome is maker malfunction, in which vice in its pocket results in an uncommon cause of pace-twisting or rotating of the delead retraction or coiling and subsequent malfunction of an implanted devices such as a pacemaker, an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator （ICD）, cardiac resynchronization therapy （CRT）.
文摘Introduction： breast implants have been used to correct the size and the form of a breast in post-mastectomy breast reconstruction, for correcting congenital defects and deformities or for purely aesthetic breast augmentation. Silicone breast implants were introduced in the 1960s. They are non without complications, like rupture is or silicone gel bleeding. Materials and methods： the authors present the case of 50 patients, aged 45-55, who presented to our attention after 15 （＋ 5） years of the application of silicone breast implant for the appearance of lumps under the skin in the armpit area. These were palpable, painless except on palpation. The patients reported burning in the affected area, but no other symptoms. Results： considering the presence in each of them of silicone implants, and assuming a possible allergic basis, the authors performed a patch test series S1DAPA produced by F.I.R.M.A Spa, Firenze, ultrasound and MR and blood tests. In all patients the allergy test （patch test） were negative, ultrasound and MR have shown that no hearing was damaged or broken. Blood test showed no abnormalities. Discussion： comparing the authors＇ study with other similar works in the literature, they noted that the reported cases of hypersensitivity type 4 silicone prosthesis was not only initially accompanied by specific symptoms such as urticaria and blistering, but mostly it was found to be a net positive patch test. The absence of urticaria, the low values of lgE and total negativity of patch test confirmed the purely inflammatory nature of the lesions in our patients.
文摘Outpatient percutaneous liver biopsy is a common practice in the differential diagnosis and treatment of chronic liver disease. The major complication and mortality rate were about 2-4% and 0.01-0.33% respectively. Arterio-portal fistula as a complication of percutaneous liver biopsy was infrequently seen and normally asymptomatic. Hemobilia, which accounted for about 3% of overall major percutaneous liver biopsy complications, resulted rarely from arterio-portal fistula We report a hemobilia case of 68 years old woman who was admitted for abdominal pain after liver biopsy. The initial ultrasonography revealed a gallbladder polypoid tumor and common bile duct (CBD) dilatation. Blood clot was extracted as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) showed hemobilia. The patient was shortly readmitted because of recurrence of symptoms. A celiac angiography showed an intrahepatic arterio-portal fistula. After superselective embolization of the feeding artery, the patient was discharged uneventfully. Most cases of hemobilia caused by percutaneous liver biopsy resolved spontaneously. Selective angiography embolization or surgical intervention is reserved for patients who failed to respond to conservative treatment.
文摘[Objective] Sausage making using fermentation agents including Staphylococcus xylosus(C18), Lactobacillus plantarum(L26), and Debaryomyces Hansenula(Y163). [Method] With adoption of preliminary experiments and single factor experiment, we measured production pH, and in combination with sensory analysis, we managed to evaluate the fermentation agents, addition method, and addition proportion formula. [Conclusion] At total inoculation of 1×107 cfu/g, and with processing method of simultaneous addition, the optimal addition proportion is L:C:Y =1:2:1.
文摘This paper investigates how national income distribution among the corporate, government, and household sectors has changed from 1992 to 2005 using the Flow of Funds Accounts adjusted after the National Economic Census 2004. We analyze the changes in institutional distribution of national income from the primary and secondary distribution of national income, with a focus on explaining the fall in the household sector＇s share of the national income pie since 1996. To analyze the primary distribution of national income among institutional sectors, we formulate the share of each sector in primary national income as the weighted average of the product of factor income share using each sector＇s proportion of the different types of factor income as weights. With this formula, we adjust factor income shares in the Flow of Funds Account, re-compute the distribution of disposable income by institutional sector from 1993 to 2005, and extrapolate the distribution to 2006 and 2007. Our findings are： the share of the household sector in national disposable income reached its peak in 1996, and declined by over twelve percentage points between 1996 and 2005, of which 10.71 and 2.01 percentage points were due to primary distribution and secondary distribution respectively. In contrast, the share of the corporate and government sectors in primary distribution increased by 7.49 and 3.21 percentage points respectively. In secondary distribution, the share of the government sector further increased by 3.17 percentage points, at the expense of the other two sectors. We also find that the decline in the share of labor income and property income in factor income distribution are the two main sources for the decline in the household share of primary distribution. In the period 2005-2007, the household share of national income fell further by over three percentage points, mostly resulting from the increase in the share of net production tax.
基金supported by the Model Animal Research Center of Nanjing University Start Fundthe Jiangsu Natural Science Foundation(BK20140600)
文摘Skeletal muscle fitness plays vital roles in human health and disease and is determined by developmental as well as physiological inputs. These inputs control and coordinate muscle fiber programs, including capacity for fuel burning, mitochondrial ATP production, and contraction. Recent studies have demonstrated crucial roles for nuclear receptors and their co-activators, and micro RNAs(mi RNAs) in the regulation of skeletal muscle energy metabolism and fiber type determination. In this review, we present recent progress in the study of nuclear receptor signaling and mi RNA networks in muscle fiber type switching. We also discuss the therapeutic potential of nuclear receptors and mi RNAs in disease states that are associated with loss of muscle fitness.
文摘We aimed to review the history of the introduction and colonization of the raccoon dog Nyctereutes procyonoides in Europe, the features behind its successful expansion and its impact on native fauna. The raccoon dog quickly colonized new areas after being introduced to the European part of the former Soviet Union. Today it is widespread in Northern and Eastern Europe and is still spreading in Central Europe. Features behind its success include its adaptability, high reproductive potential, omnivory, hibernation in northem areas, multiple introductions with 〉 9000 individuals from different localities, and tendency to wander enabling gene flow between populations. Firm evidence of the raccoon dog＇s negative impact on native fauna, such as a reduction in bird populations, is still scarce. Raccoon dogs may destroy waterfowl nests, although a nest predation study in Latvia did not confirm this. Predator removal studies in Finland suggested that the raccoon dog＇s impact on game birds is smaller than expected. However, raccoon dogs may have caused local extinction of frog populations, especially on islands. Raccoon dogs may compete with other carnivores for food, for example for carrion in winter, or for the best habitat patches. In northern Europe potential competitors include the red fox Vulpes vulpes and the badger Meles meles, but studies of their diets or habitat preferences do not indicate severe competition. The raccoon dog is an important vector of diseases and parasites, such as rabies, Echinococcus mul-tilocularis and Trichinella spp. and this is no doubt the most severe consequence arising from the spread of this alien species in Europe [Current Zoology 57 （5）： 584-598, 2011].
文摘This article reviews biological invasions in which predation （or its absence） plays a major role in the success of the invader. Examples are described in which the invader out-competes native species for the same food, and cases in which the in-vader consumes valued native species. In many instances, better predator avoidance by the invasive species or the absence of predators in the new habitat contributes to the success of the invaders; in other cases native or introduced predators appear to be able to keep the invasive species in check. A relatively new management approach in the US is the idea of adding another trophic level - to have humans act as the predators and consume the invasive species. This approach is being utilized in Florida and throughout the Caribbean against the lionfish, but could be extended to other fishes, as well as to various invasive crustaceans and mollusks. This idea is controversial, and current regulations prohibiting the possession of individuals of the invasive species （e.g., mitten crabs or snakefish） would preclude the development of a fishery for them [Current Zoology 57 （5）： 613~524, 2011].
文摘Species invasions threaten marine biodiversity globally. There is a concern that climate change is exacerbating this problem. Here, we examined some of the potential effects of warming water temperatures on the invasion of Western Atlantic habitats by a marine predator, the Indo-Pacific lionfish （Pterois volitans and P. miles）. We focussed on two temperature-dependent aspects of lionfish life-history and behaviour： pelagic larval duration, because of its link to dispersal potential, and prey consump- tion rate, because it is an important determinant of the impacts of lionfish on native prey. Using models derived from fundamental metabolic theory, we predict that the length of time spent by lionfish in the plankton in early life should decrease with warming temperatures, with a concomitant reduction in potential dispersal distance. Although the uncertainty around change in dispersal distances is large, predicted reductions are, on average, more than an order of magnitude smaller than the current rate of range expansion of lionfisli in the Caribbean. Nevertheless, because shorter pelagic larval duration has the potential to increase local re- tention of larvae, local lionfish management will become increasingly important under projected climate change. Increasing tem- perature is also expected to worsen the current imbalance between rates of prey consumption by lionfish and biomass production by their prey, leading to a heightened decline in native reef fish biomass. However, the magnitude of climate-induced decline is predicted to be minor compared to the effect of current rates of lionfish population increases （and hence overall prey consumption rates） on invaded reefs. Placing the predicted effects of climate change in the current context thus reveals that, at least for the lionfish invasion, the threat is clear and present, rather than future [Current Zoology 58 （1）： 1-8, 2012].
