论先秦儒家中庸之异

中庸作为先秦儒家的重要范畴,在"何为中"问题上,大儒们的回答有所不同。孔子将其视为哲学方法论意义上的"道",从全局和全面出发,主张"全为中";子思将中庸上升为宇宙的本体,并认为诚是上达该本体的唯一正确途径,从而提出"诚为中";孟子从性善论出发,必然推演为"仁义为中";荀子为恢复孔子的中庸之道,纠偏思孟的"德性为中",倡导"规范为中"。

Tourist Behaviors in Wetland Park:A Preliminary Study in Xixi National Wetland Park,Hangzhou,China

Public education as well as tourism and leisure are the two important functions of national wetland park, and tourist behaviors act as the guiding factor in the national wetland park construction and management.As the first national wetland park in China, Xixi National Wetland Park, located in Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, will give constructive instructions to the construction and management of other wetland parks and ecotourism resorts.This paper analyzed the tourist behaviors in Xixi National Wetland Park.By the observation, in-depth interview and questionnaire, the results show that tourists in wetland parks are different from those in the other common destinations, and they are also different from those strict eco-tourists.In fact, the tourists in wetland park have unique characteristics, such as the intense perception to the functions of wetland ecosystem and the environment impact behaviors.Those tourists are preferred to natural landscapes in their motivations and expectations.Wetland landscapes are the main image to those tourists in the Xixi National Wetland Park.Tourist expectation, experience and satisfaction are all critical factors for the success of the planning and management in national wetland parks.Based on the results, some measures for the sustainable development of wetland parks, including to optimize wetland theme landscape and tourism products, to improve tourist facilities and services, to enhance quality of visitor experiences, and to implement total quality management based on tourist characteristics, are given to national wetland park ecotourism.

Strata-pressure behavior of double-unit mining method combining fully-mechanized and mechanized coal face

Based on the engineering background of double-unit face mining under complicated geological conditions and the lagging fully-mechanized face surpassing the fore mechanized face of double-unit face in Zhou Yuanshan coal mine, strata-pressure behavior in the process was analyzed based on FLAC3D and on-site measurement. The results show that the stress concentration factor of superposition abutment pressure and the alternate distance of double-unit face are meeting gauss function, the relationship between the depth of stress concentration point and alternate distance also meets gaussian function. When the alternate distance is larger than 24 m, the superimposition of pilot support pressure in the double-unit face is weak. When the alternate distance is more than 12-15 m, the changes of the roof subsidence coefficient and the depth of stress con- centration point are stabilized; when the alternate distance is 3-6 m, the fore working face end is in the greatest impact area of superposition abutment pressure, this area should be avoided in determining the reasonable alternate distance.

锁骨钩钢板治疗锁骨远端骨折疗效观察

目的 探讨锁骨钩钢板在治疗锁骨远端骨折治疗中的疗效。方法 回顾总结采用锁骨钩钢板治疗锁骨远端骨折(NeerII型)26例。结果 26例锁骨远端骨折(NeerII型)术后随访,随访3--48个月,平均24个月。根据karlsson疗效标准,优:24例,良:2例,差:0例。结论 锁骨钩钢板治疗锁骨远端骨折操作简单,固定可靠,术后能早期功能锻炼,且肩锁关节保持了微动,是一种有效的手术方法,能使患者取得较好的效果。