对已确立的“金钉子”建立全球辅助界线层型剖面和点位(俗称“银钉子”),世界各国学者一般没有异议,但对建立“银钉子”的理念、技术要求和批准程序,以及“银钉子”应该起什么样的辅助作用,认识很不一致。这个问题本来不太受重视,但随...对已确立的“金钉子”建立全球辅助界线层型剖面和点位(俗称“银钉子”),世界各国学者一般没有异议,但对建立“银钉子”的理念、技术要求和批准程序,以及“银钉子”应该起什么样的辅助作用,认识很不一致。这个问题本来不太受重视,但随着近年来“金钉子”(全球界线层型剖面和点位,GlobalBoundary Stratotype Section and Point, GSSP)工程接近完成、后层型研究不断深入而变得越来越重要。展开更多
The Global boundary Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Hirnantian Stage （the uppermost of the Ordovician System） is defined at a point 0.39m below the base of the Kuanyinchiao Bed in the Wangj...The Global boundary Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Hirnantian Stage （the uppermost of the Ordovician System） is defined at a point 0.39m below the base of the Kuanyinchiao Bed in the Wangjiawan North section. The section is located near Wangjiawan village, 42 km north of Yichang city （western Hubei, China）, at 30° 58′56″N and 111° 25′10″E. The GSSP level coincides with the first appearance of the graptolite species Normalograptus extraordinarius （Sobolevskaya）. Secondary markers include the onset of a positive carbon-isotope excursion, and a slightly earlier first appearance of Normalograptus ojsuensis （ Koren and Mikhailova ）. The Wangjiawan North section possesses continuity of sedimentation and biozonation with completeness of exposures, abundant and well-preserved graptolites and shelly fossils, i. e. the Hirnantia- Dalmanitina shelly fauna which is a key element for recognition of the Hirnantian Stage. The Wangjiawan North, South and Riverside sections possess favorable facies and widespread correlation potential, are free from structure complication, metamorphism and other alteration, and have good accessibility. The Riverside section in particular possesses amenability to isotopic age determination. The beginning of the Hirnantian was followed by a global episode of a major extinction event, which happened in the Diceratograptus mirus Subzone. The proposal was voted by the International Subcommission on Ordovician Stratigraphy in October, 2004, approved by the International Commission on Stratigraphy in February, 2006, and ratified by the International Union of Geological Sciences in May, 2006.展开更多
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base-Changhsingian Stage is defined at the First Appearance Datum （FAD） of the conodont Clarkina wangi within the lineage from C. longicuspidata to C. wangi a...The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base-Changhsingian Stage is defined at the First Appearance Datum （FAD） of the conodont Clarkina wangi within the lineage from C. longicuspidata to C. wangi at a point 88 cm above the base of the Changxing Limestone in the lower part of Bed 4 （base of 4α-2） at Meishan D section, Changxing County, Zhejiang Province, South China. This level is consistent with the first appearance of Changhsingian index fusulinid Palaeofusulina sinensis and tapashanitid ammonoids. The speciation event from Clarkina longicuspidata to C. wangi occurs just above the flooding surface of the second parasequence in the Changxing Limestone. In addition, the boundary interval is clearly recognizable by the depletion of isotopic carbon ratios and the normal polarity zone appearing above the Late Wuchiapingian reversed polarity zone. Section C, about 300 m to the west of Section D, exposes more of the upper Longtan Formation. It clearly shows the transitional nature of deposition across the Longtan/Changxing formational boundary, and thus is described as a supplementary reference section.展开更多
In this issue, Rowland ＆ Hicks advocate a nomenclature for the four epochs of the Cambrian Period that carries over the terms Early, Middle, and Late Cambrian from previous usage （but with new definitions） and intr...In this issue, Rowland ＆ Hicks advocate a nomenclature for the four epochs of the Cambrian Period that carries over the terms Early, Middle, and Late Cambrian from previous usage （but with new definitions） and introduces a non-geographically-based term, Ichnocambrian, for the earliest Cambrian epoch. The terms Lower/Early, Middle, and Late/Upper Cambrian are confusing because they connote the second, third, and fourth epochs/series of the period/system, and because each is defined in a way that is different from traditional definitions of those intervals. The use of these terms will ultimately lead to confusion between older concepts of Early, Middle, and Late Cambrian and newer, refined concepts of the epochs. The philosophy of the International Subcommission on Cambrian Stratigraphy for establishing a clear subdivision of the Cambrian on a global scale is unambiguous： stratigraphic terms previously in use lack global applicability and should not be adopted as chronostratigraphic/geochronologic units in the developing global stratigraphic chart of the Cambrian. Moreover, all series and stage names should be GSSP （stratotype section）-based.展开更多
Following votes by the Pliensbachian Working Group, the Jurassic Subcommission and the International Commission on Stratigraphy, lUGS ratified the proposed Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the...Following votes by the Pliensbachian Working Group, the Jurassic Subcommission and the International Commission on Stratigraphy, lUGS ratified the proposed Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Pliensbachian Stage （Lower Jurassic） at the base of bed 73b in the Wine Haven section, Robin Hood＇s Bay, Yorkshire Coast, UK. This level contains the characteristic ammonite association Bifericeras donovani Dommergues and Meister and Apoderoceras sp. Complementary data include： a） Strontium-isotope stratigraphy, based on analysis of belemnites which yield a calcite 87Sr/^86Sr ratio for the boundary level of 0. 707425 and data supporting interpretation of continuous sedimentation; b） Belemnite oxygen-isotope data indicate a significant temperature drop （-5 ℃） across the boundary at this locality; c） A Transgressive Systems Tract （TST） initiated in the Aplanaturn Subzone （uppermost Sinemurian） continues into the Lowermost Pliensbachian （Taylori Subzone）; it forms part of a transgressive facies cycle sensu Graciansky et al. （1998）; d） The Upper Sinemurian to lowermost Plensbachian at Wine Haven section has a predominantly norreal magnetic polarity, but two discrete reversed polarity magnetozones are present. The first spans much of the latest Sinemurian Aplanatum Subzone. It terminates 〈0.5m below the Sinemurian-Pliensbachian boundary and may prove a valuable chronostratigraphic marker The second extends from the latest Oxynotum Subzone probably through to the lower part of the Raricostatum Subzone.展开更多
建立自然保护区是保护地质遗迹资源的重要手段之一,为我国地质遗迹资源的保护、研究和利用提供了最基础的保障。浙江长兴地质遗迹国家级自然保护区拥有全球最完整的二叠~三叠系界线层型剖面和点位(Global Stratotype Section and Point)...建立自然保护区是保护地质遗迹资源的重要手段之一,为我国地质遗迹资源的保护、研究和利用提供了最基础的保障。浙江长兴地质遗迹国家级自然保护区拥有全球最完整的二叠~三叠系界线层型剖面和点位(Global Stratotype Section and Point),具有极其重要的国际对比意义和科学研究价值。但是,实地调查发现,保护区管理机构在开展地质遗迹保护工作中却面临着诸多问题,如资源管护能力弱、环境监测缺失、旅游色彩浓重、土地权属复杂、机构设置不健全和管理体制不通畅等。针对这些问题,本研究提出了相应的对策建议,如构建地质剖面安全防护体系、加强地质剖面与生态环境监测、优化宣传教育系统、争取土地权属、完善职能机构和理顺管理体制等,以期为长兴地质遗迹资源的有效保护提供支持,同时也为其他存在类似问题的地质遗迹保护单位提供经验借鉴。展开更多
文摘对已确立的“金钉子”建立全球辅助界线层型剖面和点位(俗称“银钉子”),世界各国学者一般没有异议,但对建立“银钉子”的理念、技术要求和批准程序,以及“银钉子”应该起什么样的辅助作用,认识很不一致。这个问题本来不太受重视,但随着近年来“金钉子”(全球界线层型剖面和点位,GlobalBoundary Stratotype Section and Point, GSSP)工程接近完成、后层型研究不断深入而变得越来越重要。
基金the National Natural Science Foundations of China(No.40672018)the Ministry of Technology and Science of China(2006C13806401)+3 种基金Chinese National Committee on Stratigraphy Special Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou.(Gui.Sci.Ji2007-4004)International cooperation Project of Guizhou Science and Technology(G.[2008]700110)国家自然科学基金(No.40672008)科技部科技基础工作专项(2006FY120300-4)资助
文摘The Global boundary Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Hirnantian Stage （the uppermost of the Ordovician System） is defined at a point 0.39m below the base of the Kuanyinchiao Bed in the Wangjiawan North section. The section is located near Wangjiawan village, 42 km north of Yichang city （western Hubei, China）, at 30° 58′56″N and 111° 25′10″E. The GSSP level coincides with the first appearance of the graptolite species Normalograptus extraordinarius （Sobolevskaya）. Secondary markers include the onset of a positive carbon-isotope excursion, and a slightly earlier first appearance of Normalograptus ojsuensis （ Koren and Mikhailova ）. The Wangjiawan North section possesses continuity of sedimentation and biozonation with completeness of exposures, abundant and well-preserved graptolites and shelly fossils, i. e. the Hirnantia- Dalmanitina shelly fauna which is a key element for recognition of the Hirnantian Stage. The Wangjiawan North, South and Riverside sections possess favorable facies and widespread correlation potential, are free from structure complication, metamorphism and other alteration, and have good accessibility. The Riverside section in particular possesses amenability to isotopic age determination. The beginning of the Hirnantian was followed by a global episode of a major extinction event, which happened in the Diceratograptus mirus Subzone. The proposal was voted by the International Subcommission on Ordovician Stratigraphy in October, 2004, approved by the International Commission on Stratigraphy in February, 2006, and ratified by the International Union of Geological Sciences in May, 2006.
文摘The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base-Changhsingian Stage is defined at the First Appearance Datum （FAD） of the conodont Clarkina wangi within the lineage from C. longicuspidata to C. wangi at a point 88 cm above the base of the Changxing Limestone in the lower part of Bed 4 （base of 4α-2） at Meishan D section, Changxing County, Zhejiang Province, South China. This level is consistent with the first appearance of Changhsingian index fusulinid Palaeofusulina sinensis and tapashanitid ammonoids. The speciation event from Clarkina longicuspidata to C. wangi occurs just above the flooding surface of the second parasequence in the Changxing Limestone. In addition, the boundary interval is clearly recognizable by the depletion of isotopic carbon ratios and the normal polarity zone appearing above the Late Wuchiapingian reversed polarity zone. Section C, about 300 m to the west of Section D, exposes more of the upper Longtan Formation. It clearly shows the transitional nature of deposition across the Longtan/Changxing formational boundary, and thus is described as a supplementary reference section.
文摘In this issue, Rowland ＆ Hicks advocate a nomenclature for the four epochs of the Cambrian Period that carries over the terms Early, Middle, and Late Cambrian from previous usage （but with new definitions） and introduces a non-geographically-based term, Ichnocambrian, for the earliest Cambrian epoch. The terms Lower/Early, Middle, and Late/Upper Cambrian are confusing because they connote the second, third, and fourth epochs/series of the period/system, and because each is defined in a way that is different from traditional definitions of those intervals. The use of these terms will ultimately lead to confusion between older concepts of Early, Middle, and Late Cambrian and newer, refined concepts of the epochs. The philosophy of the International Subcommission on Cambrian Stratigraphy for establishing a clear subdivision of the Cambrian on a global scale is unambiguous： stratigraphic terms previously in use lack global applicability and should not be adopted as chronostratigraphic/geochronologic units in the developing global stratigraphic chart of the Cambrian. Moreover, all series and stage names should be GSSP （stratotype section）-based.
文摘Following votes by the Pliensbachian Working Group, the Jurassic Subcommission and the International Commission on Stratigraphy, lUGS ratified the proposed Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Pliensbachian Stage （Lower Jurassic） at the base of bed 73b in the Wine Haven section, Robin Hood＇s Bay, Yorkshire Coast, UK. This level contains the characteristic ammonite association Bifericeras donovani Dommergues and Meister and Apoderoceras sp. Complementary data include： a） Strontium-isotope stratigraphy, based on analysis of belemnites which yield a calcite 87Sr/^86Sr ratio for the boundary level of 0. 707425 and data supporting interpretation of continuous sedimentation; b） Belemnite oxygen-isotope data indicate a significant temperature drop （-5 ℃） across the boundary at this locality; c） A Transgressive Systems Tract （TST） initiated in the Aplanaturn Subzone （uppermost Sinemurian） continues into the Lowermost Pliensbachian （Taylori Subzone）; it forms part of a transgressive facies cycle sensu Graciansky et al. （1998）; d） The Upper Sinemurian to lowermost Plensbachian at Wine Haven section has a predominantly norreal magnetic polarity, but two discrete reversed polarity magnetozones are present. The first spans much of the latest Sinemurian Aplanatum Subzone. It terminates 〈0.5m below the Sinemurian-Pliensbachian boundary and may prove a valuable chronostratigraphic marker The second extends from the latest Oxynotum Subzone probably through to the lower part of the Raricostatum Subzone.
文摘建立自然保护区是保护地质遗迹资源的重要手段之一,为我国地质遗迹资源的保护、研究和利用提供了最基础的保障。浙江长兴地质遗迹国家级自然保护区拥有全球最完整的二叠~三叠系界线层型剖面和点位(Global Stratotype Section and Point),具有极其重要的国际对比意义和科学研究价值。但是,实地调查发现,保护区管理机构在开展地质遗迹保护工作中却面临着诸多问题,如资源管护能力弱、环境监测缺失、旅游色彩浓重、土地权属复杂、机构设置不健全和管理体制不通畅等。针对这些问题,本研究提出了相应的对策建议,如构建地质剖面安全防护体系、加强地质剖面与生态环境监测、优化宣传教育系统、争取土地权属、完善职能机构和理顺管理体制等,以期为长兴地质遗迹资源的有效保护提供支持,同时也为其他存在类似问题的地质遗迹保护单位提供经验借鉴。
