提纲挈领演《红楼》——《红楼梦》第八回探析

名著《红楼梦》第八回,对红楼故事有着提纲挈领的意义。《红楼梦》写封建贵族家庭由盛到衰的发展过程,写封建社会上下尊卑形形色色的人物和种种社会生活现象,是通过宝、钗、黛三人的爱情悲剧和婚姻悲剧,具体讲是“黛死钗嫁,宝玉出走”这样一条情节贯穿线来展开和表现的。《红楼梦》第八回是书中这三个主要人物第一次集中活动,是“木石姻缘、金玉良缘”矛盾冲突和力量消长的第一次的表现,是他们的性格和处事方式对争取周围支持的不同前景的第一次显露,是他们爱情婚姻悲剧发展走向和结局的第一次暗示。因此,第八回可以说是《红楼梦》的总纲。

包腊《红楼梦》前八回英译本考释

包腊的《红楼梦》前八回英译本属于《红楼梦》早期稀见译本之一。笔者在完整发现包腊全部八回译本原本的基础上,针对这一译本的基本情况做出文献考释和总体研究。通过详尽的文献整理,厘清了译者包腊、发表其译文的刊物《中国杂志》的基本情况;并通过中英文《红楼梦》的文字对勘,考证并确定了包腊译本所依据之中文《红楼梦》底本,同时对包腊译文中的误译进行探讨。

包腊《红楼梦》前八回英译本诗词翻译管窥

包腊的《红楼梦》前八回译本发表于19世纪60年代末,属于《红楼梦》早期稀见英译本。本文以这一译本为研究对象,讨论其中对《红楼梦》诗词的翻译。本文简略地介绍了包腊的生平和事迹,以及他所翻译的《红楼梦》前八回的出版情况。同时,本文统计了包腊译文中所翻译的《红楼梦》诗词之基本情况。在此基础上,本文对包腊译诗的特点及其问题做出了深入讨论。

对读甲戌本、庚辰本脂批认识三个红学观点

甲戌本与庚辰本的批语存在抄写格式变化、此有彼无、异文明显等问题,对读这两个本子都有批语的八回,可以发现甲戌本这八回所据底本早于庚辰本所据底本;因为宏观概括能力不足,庚辰本对回前批在一定程度上存在放弃的事实;脂砚斋评点的过程,是一个加批创作与拨乱反正的过程。

Beak Measurements of Octopus (Octopus variabilis) in Jiaozhou Bay and Their Use in Size and Biomass Estimation

Cephalopods play key roles in global marine ecosystems as both predators and preys.Regressive estimation of original size and weight of cephalopod from beak measurements is a powerful tool of interrogating the feeding ecology of predators at higher trophic levels.In this study,regressive relationships among beak measurements and body length and weight were determined for an octopus species(Octopus variabilis),an important endemic cephalopod species in the northwest Pacific Ocean.A total of 193 individuals(63 males and 130 females) were collected at a monthly interval from Jiaozhou Bay,China.Regressive relationships among 6 beak measurements(upper hood length,UHL;upper crest length,UCL;lower hood length,LHL;lower crest length,LCL;and upper and lower beak weights) and mantle length(ML),total length(TL) and body weight(W) were determined.Results showed that the relationships between beak size and TL and beak size and ML were linearly regressive,while those between beak size and W fitted a power function model.LHL and UCL were the most useful measurements for estimating the size and biomass of O.variabilis.The relationships among beak measurements and body length(either ML or TL) were not significantly different between two sexes;while those among several beak measurements(UHL,LHL and LBW) and body weight(W) were sexually different.Since male individuals of this species have a slightly greater body weight distribution than female individuals,the body weight was not an appropriate measurement for estimating size and biomass,especially when the sex of individuals in the stomachs of predators was unknown.These relationships provided essential information for future use in size and biomass estimation of O.variabilis,as well as the estimation of predator/prey size ratios in the diet of top predators.

海客天风 第八章 重振家业愚弟做规劝 血浓于水吴太资千金

仲夏正午的日头，毒辣如刺，从头顶直射着长春巷口，此时已经没有了上午的热闹，正是人困身乏的时候，就连店铺前的狗都软了身子，伸着老长的舌头耷拉着耳朵，眯缝起了无神的眼。那头缓步走来一个衣衫褴褛的妇人，瘦弱的身体晃荡在破败的男装旧袍里，细细的胳膊从满是补丁的袖口伸出来，挽着单薄的包袱。行至苏家宅前，一抬头，仿佛阳光灼伤了眼，觑起来再望，长匾上一个孙字格外扎眼，来人深深一叹，掉头离去。

Central Circuit Coverings of Octahedrites and Medial Polyhedra

An octahedrite is a 4-valent polyhedron with only 3-faces and 4-faces. We study edge-partitions of some octahedrites, medial and related polyhedra into central circuits.