环境服务的支付意愿(Willingness to pay,WTP)受被调查者收入、教育水平、对环境保护认知等多种因素的影响,居民对流域水质改善政策的实施和支付意愿也具有不同的公共偏好。分位数回归(Quantile Regression,QR)方法可以明确WTP高支付和...环境服务的支付意愿(Willingness to pay,WTP)受被调查者收入、教育水平、对环境保护认知等多种因素的影响,居民对流域水质改善政策的实施和支付意愿也具有不同的公共偏好。分位数回归(Quantile Regression,QR)方法可以明确WTP高支付和低支付群体的主要影响因素,揭示不同支付层次、支付能力和收入水平的群体对环境政策的需求和偏好,从而为流域保护政策制定提供更为精准的定量参考。本研究以密云水库为例,利用断点回归、Tobit模型和分位数回归(QR)模型3种方法,分析居民流域水质改善的支付意愿及其公共偏好问题。结果发现:3个模型的模拟结果都显示WTP与家庭收入具有显著的正相关说明高收入群体对水质改善有更大的偏好。Tobit模型和分位数回归模型对WTP具有较好的拟合效果,分位数回归分析的结果显示,在Tobit和断点回归分析中许多不显著的指标,在WTP分布的某些分位上也变得显著了,在不同分位数上,WTP影响因素存在显著性差异,仅有家庭收入在所有分位上具有显著性,在低分位上显著性指标较少,在中位数以后,显著性指标增加,尤其在99%高分位数上,所选择的9个指标都具有很强的显著性,表明高收入人群、受更高教育者以及对水质要求更高的群体是密云水库水质改善政策制定的主要目标人群。展开更多
Unbalanced development is a prominent issue in China＇s present social and economic operation. It is generally believed that the lack of public services is the direct cause of this problem and that the crux of the iss...Unbalanced development is a prominent issue in China＇s present social and economic operation. It is generally believed that the lack of public services is the direct cause of this problem and that the crux of the issue is the absence of government responsibility. If one distinguishes between two types of unbalanced development, the ＂development stage＂ type and the ＂government responsibility＂ type. it becomes clear that factors related to both supply and demand for public services have together produced the present surge in unbalanced economic development in China, a situation characterized by the combination of the two types of unbalanced development. The economic system of the transition period has limited government efficiency and biased government behavior, so it is the fundamental crux of the current problem. To solve this problem, it will be necessary not only to require that the government assume more responsibility for public services, but also, more importantly, to speed up resolution of the systemic problems that give rise to this bias in government behavior against the background of system transition.展开更多
文摘环境服务的支付意愿(Willingness to pay,WTP)受被调查者收入、教育水平、对环境保护认知等多种因素的影响,居民对流域水质改善政策的实施和支付意愿也具有不同的公共偏好。分位数回归(Quantile Regression,QR)方法可以明确WTP高支付和低支付群体的主要影响因素,揭示不同支付层次、支付能力和收入水平的群体对环境政策的需求和偏好,从而为流域保护政策制定提供更为精准的定量参考。本研究以密云水库为例,利用断点回归、Tobit模型和分位数回归(QR)模型3种方法,分析居民流域水质改善的支付意愿及其公共偏好问题。结果发现:3个模型的模拟结果都显示WTP与家庭收入具有显著的正相关说明高收入群体对水质改善有更大的偏好。Tobit模型和分位数回归模型对WTP具有较好的拟合效果,分位数回归分析的结果显示,在Tobit和断点回归分析中许多不显著的指标,在WTP分布的某些分位上也变得显著了,在不同分位数上,WTP影响因素存在显著性差异,仅有家庭收入在所有分位上具有显著性,在低分位上显著性指标较少,在中位数以后,显著性指标增加,尤其在99%高分位数上,所选择的9个指标都具有很强的显著性,表明高收入人群、受更高教育者以及对水质要求更高的群体是密云水库水质改善政策制定的主要目标人群。
文摘Unbalanced development is a prominent issue in China＇s present social and economic operation. It is generally believed that the lack of public services is the direct cause of this problem and that the crux of the issue is the absence of government responsibility. If one distinguishes between two types of unbalanced development, the ＂development stage＂ type and the ＂government responsibility＂ type. it becomes clear that factors related to both supply and demand for public services have together produced the present surge in unbalanced economic development in China, a situation characterized by the combination of the two types of unbalanced development. The economic system of the transition period has limited government efficiency and biased government behavior, so it is the fundamental crux of the current problem. To solve this problem, it will be necessary not only to require that the government assume more responsibility for public services, but also, more importantly, to speed up resolution of the systemic problems that give rise to this bias in government behavior against the background of system transition.
