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公共建筑环境下行人行为特性及拥挤机理研究综述 被引量:15
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作者 胡清梅 方卫宁 +1 位作者 李广燕 贾玉泉 《中国安全科学学报》 CAS CSCD 2008年第8期68-73,共6页
介绍国内外对于公共建筑环境下行人行为特性及拥挤机理方面的研究成果,主要包括:自由流情况下的行人运动速度,人群运动的最佳密度,行人的年龄、文化、性别、退让距离、温度、旅行目的、运动方向和建筑设施类型对行人流速度和流量的影响... 介绍国内外对于公共建筑环境下行人行为特性及拥挤机理方面的研究成果,主要包括:自由流情况下的行人运动速度,人群运动的最佳密度,行人的年龄、文化、性别、退让距离、温度、旅行目的、运动方向和建筑设施类型对行人流速度和流量的影响,以及行人流的密度和速度关系。成果显示:各国学者在人群的速度、密度和流量之间的相互关系方面研究较多,所得的结论趋于一致;但对于影响行人流速度和流量的各种因素并没有进行深入的研究,尤其是拥挤情况下行人的心理状态和拥挤事故的相互关系。 展开更多
关键词 公共建筑环境 行人行为特性 拥挤机理 影响因素 心理状态
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基于RS-485总线的公共建筑室内环境监测系统
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作者 张永坚 贾鲁峰 《微计算机信息》 2011年第7期72-74,共3页
根据我国公共建筑能耗监测特别是电耗监测的现状,搭建公共建筑室内环境(温度、湿度、光照度)实时监测系统,为建筑能耗(空调用电,照明用电)提供能效比。本文对该系统的组成和功能进行了总结和概述。该监测系统具有操作性强,通用性好,功... 根据我国公共建筑能耗监测特别是电耗监测的现状,搭建公共建筑室内环境(温度、湿度、光照度)实时监测系统,为建筑能耗(空调用电,照明用电)提供能效比。本文对该系统的组成和功能进行了总结和概述。该监测系统具有操作性强,通用性好,功能强大,快捷方便的特点,具有广泛的发展应用背景。 展开更多
关键词 公共建筑室内环境 LABVIEW 能效比
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Urban-Design Process with Snow and Wind Simulations: A Study on the Kitami City Hall
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作者 Norihiro Watanabe Tsuyoshi Setoguchi +2 位作者 Shota Yokoyama Zhiming Guo Takuya Tsutsumi 《Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture》 2017年第2期107-120,共14页
Regional climatic conditions should be considered while designing urban development plans, with special attention to the impact of snowfall on public spaces in cities with harsh winters. The Kitami-city-hall-renewal p... Regional climatic conditions should be considered while designing urban development plans, with special attention to the impact of snowfall on public spaces in cities with harsh winters. The Kitami-city-hall-renewal project in Hokkaido, Japan was studied as an environmental assessment of snow drifting. Assessments of the two site plans proposed during the architectural planning process (A-type and B-type) were conducted in terms of the following three items: (1) The two site plans indicate snow-drifting problems around the main entrance; (2) More number of local snowdrifts on the main-street sidewalks were suggested in the B-type design; (3) Less number of snowdrifts in the parking area beside the railroad were indicated in the A-type design. These results were reflected in the architectural planning process. On the basis of this study, a desirable design process incorporating environmental assessments has been identified for cities with harsh winters. 展开更多
关键词 Winter cities snow simulations wind tunnel urban design environmental assessments.
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Occurrence of Legionella pneumophila in Hot Potable Water in Latvia
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作者 Olga Valcina Daina Pule +3 位作者 Svetlana Makarova Angelika Krumina Irina Lucenko Aivars Berzins 《Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A)》 2013年第3期135-140,共6页
Legionellae are found in freshwater environments or wet soil, but the major reservoirs are man-made aquatic environments, particularly warm water systems. Our aim was to study the occurrence of Legionella contaminatio... Legionellae are found in freshwater environments or wet soil, but the major reservoirs are man-made aquatic environments, particularly warm water systems. Our aim was to study the occurrence of Legionella contamination in hot potable water supply systems in apartment and public buildings. Correlations between Legionella spp. positive cases and water source, sampling point and temperature of hot water at the point of consumption were studied. A total of 149 hot water samples were collected in 16 cities and districts of Latvia. Only Legionella pneumophila was isolated. L. pneumophila was found in 63 out of 149 (42%) hot water samples. From all Legionella spp. positive samples, 17% represented L. pneumophila serogroup 1 and 78% L. pneumophila serogroups 2-14 (15). In 5% of Legionella spp. positive samples, both serogroups 1 and 2-14(15) were isolated. Statistically significant differences were observed in the distribution of L. pneumophila serogroup 1 in samples from various water sources. L. pneumophila was found in 45% of samples from private apartments and in 27% of samples from public buildings. Data analysis confirmed that the temperature of hot water significantly affects the frequency of L. pneumophila positive cases (p 〈 0.05). Data showed that 85% of consumers received hot water at a temperature below 50°C. 展开更多
关键词 Legionella pneumophila hot water Latvia.
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To Promote Green Buildings in China: Lessons from the USA and EU
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作者 邓敏贞 《Journal of Resources and Ecology》 CSCD 2012年第2期183-191,共9页
Buildings have contributed to the energy shortage, pollution and global climate change. To promote green buildings is the way access to the sustainable development. Currently, China has issued some regulations and sys... Buildings have contributed to the energy shortage, pollution and global climate change. To promote green buildings is the way access to the sustainable development. Currently, China has issued some regulations and systems to boost the green building. However, problems lie in China and the systems are not effective. USA and EU have rich experiences and fairly sophisticated legislation and policies to develop green building. China may get some lessens from these countries. This paper will make an overview of legal framework and main system of green building in China, then, analyses some important legal systems and typical case related green building in the USA and EU. Further, problems were pointed out in the China based on the comparative analysis of these countries. Lastly, according to the condition in China and lessons from USA and EU, this paper will put some suggests to promote green building, such as, take some measures to enhance the awareness of the stakeholders, create multi- incentive tools and so on. 展开更多
关键词 green building civil building stated-funded institution Leadership in Energy and Environment Design (LEED) Directive on Energy Performance of Buildings (EPBD)
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