This paper demonstrates a Geographic Information Systems （GIS） procedure of classifying and mapping forest management category in Baihe Forestry Burea, Jilin Province, China. Within the study area, Baihe Forestry Bu...This paper demonstrates a Geographic Information Systems （GIS） procedure of classifying and mapping forest management category in Baihe Forestry Burea, Jilin Province, China. Within the study area, Baihe Forestry Bureau land was classified into a two-hierarchy system. The top-level class included the non-forest and forest. Over 96% of land area is forest in the study area, which was further divided into key ecological service forest （KES）, general ecological service forest （GES）, and commodity forest （COM）. COM covered 45.0% of the total land area and was the major forest management type in Baihe Forest Bureau. KES and GES accounted for 21.2% and 29.9% of the total land area, respectively. The forest management zones designed with GIS in this study were then compared with the forest management zones established using the hand draw by the local agency. There were obvious differences between the two products. It suggested that the differences had some to do with the data sources, basic unit and mapping procedures. It also suggested that the GIS method was a useful tool in integrating forest inventory data and other data for classifying and mapping forest zones to meet the needs of the classified forest management system.展开更多
Aiming at the public sector and the private sector in PPP projects as the research objects, the two core participants investment decision model is established by using option game thinking. First, based on the option ...Aiming at the public sector and the private sector in PPP projects as the research objects, the two core participants investment decision model is established by using option game thinking. First, based on the option game features PPP projects have, the paper proposes some research hypotheses on value, income, cost for the option. Second, on the basis of the decision path of a multi-stage binary tree model, respectively for the public sector and the private sector, the paper builds up utility functions, the cost-input model and the contract decision model. It indicates that by the use of growth options in the shortened contract period, the private sector can still ensure the construction quality of the PPP project. Finally, the validity of the model in the PPP project agreement and the investment decision process is verified by the case analysis.展开更多
基金Foundation project： This research was jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （70373044＆30470302）, China＇s Ministry of Science and Technology （04EFN216600328）, and Northeast Rejuvenation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘This paper demonstrates a Geographic Information Systems （GIS） procedure of classifying and mapping forest management category in Baihe Forestry Burea, Jilin Province, China. Within the study area, Baihe Forestry Bureau land was classified into a two-hierarchy system. The top-level class included the non-forest and forest. Over 96% of land area is forest in the study area, which was further divided into key ecological service forest （KES）, general ecological service forest （GES）, and commodity forest （COM）. COM covered 45.0% of the total land area and was the major forest management type in Baihe Forest Bureau. KES and GES accounted for 21.2% and 29.9% of the total land area, respectively. The forest management zones designed with GIS in this study were then compared with the forest management zones established using the hand draw by the local agency. There were obvious differences between the two products. It suggested that the differences had some to do with the data sources, basic unit and mapping procedures. It also suggested that the GIS method was a useful tool in integrating forest inventory data and other data for classifying and mapping forest zones to meet the needs of the classified forest management system.
文摘Aiming at the public sector and the private sector in PPP projects as the research objects, the two core participants investment decision model is established by using option game thinking. First, based on the option game features PPP projects have, the paper proposes some research hypotheses on value, income, cost for the option. Second, on the basis of the decision path of a multi-stage binary tree model, respectively for the public sector and the private sector, the paper builds up utility functions, the cost-input model and the contract decision model. It indicates that by the use of growth options in the shortened contract period, the private sector can still ensure the construction quality of the PPP project. Finally, the validity of the model in the PPP project agreement and the investment decision process is verified by the case analysis.
