This study concerns the heat transfer processes during ice accretion on wires. The steady state heat balance equation assumed to describe the thermodynamics at the surface of a current heated wire subjected to icing i...This study concerns the heat transfer processes during ice accretion on wires. The steady state heat balance equation assumed to describe the thermodynamics at the surface of a current heated wire subjected to icing is obtained by analyzing and computing each terms of heat flux. The surface temperature of wire is derived from the heat balance equation, which gives out a proposed estimation of the current intensity to prevent the wire icing展开更多
The aim of this study is to examine the profitabilily of multi-finance companies. This study uses macroeconomic determinants and fundamental variables as factors that affected profitability. The samples of the study w...The aim of this study is to examine the profitabilily of multi-finance companies. This study uses macroeconomic determinants and fundamental variables as factors that affected profitability. The samples of the study was multifinance company in Indonesia over period 2005-2007. The study uses an unbalanced panel data as a methodology. The result suggests that, the ownership of financial assets doesn＇t significantly affect multi-finance performances. This result indicates that multi-finance face difficult situation to generate profit from the credit given. And the result also suggests that all macroeconomic determinants affect multi-finance profitability, with more concern on inflation that have negative significant.展开更多
Through analyzing the problems of Chinese government public relations, using the idea of the Balanced Scorecard, we analyze the reasons of these problems and discuss the countermeasures from four aspects that conclude...Through analyzing the problems of Chinese government public relations, using the idea of the Balanced Scorecard, we analyze the reasons of these problems and discuss the countermeasures from four aspects that conclude financial, internal operations, customers, learning and growth to achieve the all-round and balanced development of public relations and establish a high level of government public relations organization, regarding the overall strategic goal of government public relations that aim to strengthen the communication with various public, establish an innovative, pragmatic, honest and efficient government image in the public and the international community as the center.展开更多
The publication of Out of Africa in 1937 won Baroness K. Blixen-Finecke worldwide fame because the novel caused wide public concern among both critics and readers. The story unfolds a poetic picture which reveals the ...The publication of Out of Africa in 1937 won Baroness K. Blixen-Finecke worldwide fame because the novel caused wide public concern among both critics and readers. The story unfolds a poetic picture which reveals the natural peace and harmony in Africa through the narrative angle of the heroine--Karen Blixen. In Out of Africa, the author, from multipoint viepoints, knits the legendary plot to display a picture of a community with the features of spiritual utopia, which is an ideal place for men to escape from the outside disturbance. The present paper, first, gives a brief introduction to the plot of the story. Then, it discusses the characteristics of spiritual utopian community on the African land from the following three perspectives： Karen Blixen is a pursuer to go after self-integrity so as to protect the harmony of spiritual utopian land in Africa; Africans are the paragons of self-integrity to pursue freedom on their homeland; and the western settlers are the dominators who have lost self-integrity in the spiritual utopian community because they have almost destroyed the ecological and social banlance on African land.展开更多
Large-scale field shear tests on ten specimens of the red-sandstone embankment at a highway in Hunan,China,were performed to examine mechanical characteristics and parameters of red-sandstone.The curves of thrust-disp...Large-scale field shear tests on ten specimens of the red-sandstone embankment at a highway in Hunan,China,were performed to examine mechanical characteristics and parameters of red-sandstone.The curves of thrust-displacement,failure mode,and shear strength parameters for red-sandstone with different water contents,different compactions,and different grain size distributions were obtained from the tests.A practical procedure of in-situ test for red-sandstone embankment was proposed to normalize the test equipment and test steps.Based on three-dimensional thrust-sliding limit equilibrium method,the formulas for calculating strength parameters of red-sandstone considering three-dimensional sliding surface were inferred.The results show that red-sandstone has typical complete curves of stress-strain,strain softening,which are caused by the special structure of red-sandstone;water content and compaction are important factors for strength and failure mode of red-sandstone;The average value of cohesion and internal friction angle of the specimens calculated by three-dimensional technique are 21.56 kPa and 29.29°,respectively,and those by traditional two-dimensional method are 25.52 kPa and 33.76°,respectively.展开更多
Selecting new program projects plays an important role for TV companies. Balanced scorecard （BSC） which links financial and non-financial, tangible and intangible, inward and outward factors can provide an integrate...Selecting new program projects plays an important role for TV companies. Balanced scorecard （BSC） which links financial and non-financial, tangible and intangible, inward and outward factors can provide an integrated viewpoint for decision makers to select optimal new program projects. This study combines BSC with analytic hierarchy process （AHP） to help Taiwan Residents TV company managers make better decisions in new program projects selection. Moreover, the practical application of the proposed approach is generic and also suitable to be exploited for Taiwan Residents TV companies.展开更多
This study examines the socio-spatial context of uneven development and the residential accessibility of green space in Dalian of Liaoning Province, China. The social fairness was analyzed with a community scale as th...This study examines the socio-spatial context of uneven development and the residential accessibility of green space in Dalian of Liaoning Province, China. The social fairness was analyzed with a community scale as the basis. We combined social scientific methods with a GIS method using a behavior accessibility model from the perspectives of fairness of urban green space allocation based on social geography, geographic information science, management science and many other related discipline theories. The results show that: 1) Most of the urban green space distribution presents an unbalanced phenomenon, and it does not match with the population distribution; 2) We found some differences in the accessibility of the population with different attributes and opportunities to use and enjoy the urban green spaces, mainly due to: the dual social and spatial attributes of the residents and the serious stratum differentiation generated were the internal causes; the residential space differentiation and the pursuit of economic and real estate development were the direct causes; and unreasonable planning, in regard to the fact that government policies did not give consideration to efficiency and fairness, was also an important factor.展开更多
The negative externalities of businesses brought serious social and environmental problems. Based on externality theory and game theory, the author in-depth analyzes intrinsic motivation of corporate social responsibi...The negative externalities of businesses brought serious social and environmental problems. Based on externality theory and game theory, the author in-depth analyzes intrinsic motivation of corporate social responsibility, and points out that corporate social responsibility will increase production costs, so companies will not take the initiative to raise the level of social responsibility. Through the analysis of corporate social responsibility profits, the paper reveals that if the government lack reasonable system to regulate corporate behavior, then the In＇m, pursuiting maximizing profit, will choose the Nash equilibrium ofconsumpting public resources, and not take the initiative to fulfill their social responsibility to seek the Pareto equilibrium of the whole regional optimal, which results in high output and low returns. The research finds that the government should strengthen the publicity of corporate social responsibility, privatization of corporate social responsibility benefits and establishment of corporate social responsibility system and other means to guide and standardize the corporate social responsihility.展开更多
The present work aims to conduct a critical analysis of control systems and tools of performance assessment in local public services companies, with a particular reference to the public transport sector. The interest ...The present work aims to conduct a critical analysis of control systems and tools of performance assessment in local public services companies, with a particular reference to the public transport sector. The interest in this issue arises for various reasons, from the growing economic significance of the sector at a national level, measurable in terms of production value and the number of operators involved, to the spread of outsourcing policies, liberalization and privatization, and the use of the standard cost to establish the level of funding. In the field of public utilities, until a few years ago, the concept of control was intended only in a ＂bureaucratic＂ sense as the capacity to fulfill the formal obligations linked to the strong regulatory context, ignoring aspects that have become fundamental today, such as economy, efficiency, and effectiveness of management. The approach used is deductive and the study ends with the presentation of the possible implications of the use of standard cost and the presentation of an application hypothesis of a balanced scorecard （BSC） for local public transport （LPT）.展开更多
Unbalanced development is a prominent issue in China＇s present social and economic operation. It is generally believed that the lack of public services is the direct cause of this problem and that the crux of the iss...Unbalanced development is a prominent issue in China＇s present social and economic operation. It is generally believed that the lack of public services is the direct cause of this problem and that the crux of the issue is the absence of government responsibility. If one distinguishes between two types of unbalanced development, the ＂development stage＂ type and the ＂government responsibility＂ type. it becomes clear that factors related to both supply and demand for public services have together produced the present surge in unbalanced economic development in China, a situation characterized by the combination of the two types of unbalanced development. The economic system of the transition period has limited government efficiency and biased government behavior, so it is the fundamental crux of the current problem. To solve this problem, it will be necessary not only to require that the government assume more responsibility for public services, but also, more importantly, to speed up resolution of the systemic problems that give rise to this bias in government behavior against the background of system transition.展开更多
Disclosure of government information involves the interests of the applicant, third parties and the public. Both systems for assessment of the public interest and the lessening importance of the applicant＇s qualifica...Disclosure of government information involves the interests of the applicant, third parties and the public. Both systems for assessment of the public interest and the lessening importance of the applicant＇s qualifications make public interest the principal driver for disclosure of information. Exemptions to disclosure contain an implicit public interest. In conflicts between opposing interests over disclosure and non-disclosure, public interest is the key to balancing interests. Public interests supporting disclosure are related to such values as the right to know, democracy and public participation, whereas the interests supporting non-disclosure tend to be implicit in the exemptions to disclosure. Multiple interest entities and the two-sidedness of public interest increase the complexity of weighing the interests involved. Full and comprehensive analysis of interests and the exclusion of unrelated considerations are the premise for assessment of interests. Prioritizing the public interest and prioritizing openness are institutional values of the laws on disclosure of information and the fundamental principle for assessing interests.展开更多
The balanced development of compulsory education,with a focus on the goal of educational equality,is both a matter of policy orientation and a practical educational issue.At present,people are mostly concerned with th...The balanced development of compulsory education,with a focus on the goal of educational equality,is both a matter of policy orientation and a practical educational issue.At present,people are mostly concerned with the unbalanced state of development of compulsory education,its causes,and issues regarding its administration.Various modes of production,policy choices,and institutional arrangements during different periods have been the practical,historical causes of differences in regional compulsory education,differences between urban and rural areas,and differences between schools.A direct consequence of the unbalanced development of compulsory education has been the emergence of irregularities in school selection.During the process of school selection,the strength of family and school social capital is increasingly influential,and it has increasingly negative effects:circumventing the policy of going to school near home,aggravating differences between families because of family and school social capital,and therefore damaging the prospect of educational equality.On this account,we present a constructive proposal for government policy to reduce the detrimental effects of social capital by means of reasonable policy choices and institutional arrangements.With prerequisite balanced allocation of school resources for compulsory education,the government reduces the role that family and social capital play in school selection and constructs a benignly competitive environment wherein school social capital works to placate social issues aroused by the intervention of the social capital of families and schools in school selection.展开更多
文摘This study concerns the heat transfer processes during ice accretion on wires. The steady state heat balance equation assumed to describe the thermodynamics at the surface of a current heated wire subjected to icing is obtained by analyzing and computing each terms of heat flux. The surface temperature of wire is derived from the heat balance equation, which gives out a proposed estimation of the current intensity to prevent the wire icing
文摘The aim of this study is to examine the profitabilily of multi-finance companies. This study uses macroeconomic determinants and fundamental variables as factors that affected profitability. The samples of the study was multifinance company in Indonesia over period 2005-2007. The study uses an unbalanced panel data as a methodology. The result suggests that, the ownership of financial assets doesn＇t significantly affect multi-finance performances. This result indicates that multi-finance face difficult situation to generate profit from the credit given. And the result also suggests that all macroeconomic determinants affect multi-finance profitability, with more concern on inflation that have negative significant.
文摘Through analyzing the problems of Chinese government public relations, using the idea of the Balanced Scorecard, we analyze the reasons of these problems and discuss the countermeasures from four aspects that conclude financial, internal operations, customers, learning and growth to achieve the all-round and balanced development of public relations and establish a high level of government public relations organization, regarding the overall strategic goal of government public relations that aim to strengthen the communication with various public, establish an innovative, pragmatic, honest and efficient government image in the public and the international community as the center.
文摘The publication of Out of Africa in 1937 won Baroness K. Blixen-Finecke worldwide fame because the novel caused wide public concern among both critics and readers. The story unfolds a poetic picture which reveals the natural peace and harmony in Africa through the narrative angle of the heroine--Karen Blixen. In Out of Africa, the author, from multipoint viepoints, knits the legendary plot to display a picture of a community with the features of spiritual utopia, which is an ideal place for men to escape from the outside disturbance. The present paper, first, gives a brief introduction to the plot of the story. Then, it discusses the characteristics of spiritual utopian community on the African land from the following three perspectives： Karen Blixen is a pursuer to go after self-integrity so as to protect the harmony of spiritual utopian land in Africa; Africans are the paragons of self-integrity to pursue freedom on their homeland; and the western settlers are the dominators who have lost self-integrity in the spiritual utopian community because they have almost destroyed the ecological and social banlance on African land.
基金Project(200612) supported by Hunan Province Transportation Department of China
文摘Large-scale field shear tests on ten specimens of the red-sandstone embankment at a highway in Hunan,China,were performed to examine mechanical characteristics and parameters of red-sandstone.The curves of thrust-displacement,failure mode,and shear strength parameters for red-sandstone with different water contents,different compactions,and different grain size distributions were obtained from the tests.A practical procedure of in-situ test for red-sandstone embankment was proposed to normalize the test equipment and test steps.Based on three-dimensional thrust-sliding limit equilibrium method,the formulas for calculating strength parameters of red-sandstone considering three-dimensional sliding surface were inferred.The results show that red-sandstone has typical complete curves of stress-strain,strain softening,which are caused by the special structure of red-sandstone;water content and compaction are important factors for strength and failure mode of red-sandstone;The average value of cohesion and internal friction angle of the specimens calculated by three-dimensional technique are 21.56 kPa and 29.29°,respectively,and those by traditional two-dimensional method are 25.52 kPa and 33.76°,respectively.
文摘Selecting new program projects plays an important role for TV companies. Balanced scorecard （BSC） which links financial and non-financial, tangible and intangible, inward and outward factors can provide an integrated viewpoint for decision makers to select optimal new program projects. This study combines BSC with analytic hierarchy process （AHP） to help Taiwan Residents TV company managers make better decisions in new program projects selection. Moreover, the practical application of the proposed approach is generic and also suitable to be exploited for Taiwan Residents TV companies.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41471140)
文摘This study examines the socio-spatial context of uneven development and the residential accessibility of green space in Dalian of Liaoning Province, China. The social fairness was analyzed with a community scale as the basis. We combined social scientific methods with a GIS method using a behavior accessibility model from the perspectives of fairness of urban green space allocation based on social geography, geographic information science, management science and many other related discipline theories. The results show that: 1) Most of the urban green space distribution presents an unbalanced phenomenon, and it does not match with the population distribution; 2) We found some differences in the accessibility of the population with different attributes and opportunities to use and enjoy the urban green spaces, mainly due to: the dual social and spatial attributes of the residents and the serious stratum differentiation generated were the internal causes; the residential space differentiation and the pursuit of economic and real estate development were the direct causes; and unreasonable planning, in regard to the fact that government policies did not give consideration to efficiency and fairness, was also an important factor.
文摘The negative externalities of businesses brought serious social and environmental problems. Based on externality theory and game theory, the author in-depth analyzes intrinsic motivation of corporate social responsibility, and points out that corporate social responsibility will increase production costs, so companies will not take the initiative to raise the level of social responsibility. Through the analysis of corporate social responsibility profits, the paper reveals that if the government lack reasonable system to regulate corporate behavior, then the In＇m, pursuiting maximizing profit, will choose the Nash equilibrium ofconsumpting public resources, and not take the initiative to fulfill their social responsibility to seek the Pareto equilibrium of the whole regional optimal, which results in high output and low returns. The research finds that the government should strengthen the publicity of corporate social responsibility, privatization of corporate social responsibility benefits and establishment of corporate social responsibility system and other means to guide and standardize the corporate social responsihility.
文摘The present work aims to conduct a critical analysis of control systems and tools of performance assessment in local public services companies, with a particular reference to the public transport sector. The interest in this issue arises for various reasons, from the growing economic significance of the sector at a national level, measurable in terms of production value and the number of operators involved, to the spread of outsourcing policies, liberalization and privatization, and the use of the standard cost to establish the level of funding. In the field of public utilities, until a few years ago, the concept of control was intended only in a ＂bureaucratic＂ sense as the capacity to fulfill the formal obligations linked to the strong regulatory context, ignoring aspects that have become fundamental today, such as economy, efficiency, and effectiveness of management. The approach used is deductive and the study ends with the presentation of the possible implications of the use of standard cost and the presentation of an application hypothesis of a balanced scorecard （BSC） for local public transport （LPT）.
文摘Unbalanced development is a prominent issue in China＇s present social and economic operation. It is generally believed that the lack of public services is the direct cause of this problem and that the crux of the issue is the absence of government responsibility. If one distinguishes between two types of unbalanced development, the ＂development stage＂ type and the ＂government responsibility＂ type. it becomes clear that factors related to both supply and demand for public services have together produced the present surge in unbalanced economic development in China, a situation characterized by the combination of the two types of unbalanced development. The economic system of the transition period has limited government efficiency and biased government behavior, so it is the fundamental crux of the current problem. To solve this problem, it will be necessary not only to require that the government assume more responsibility for public services, but also, more importantly, to speed up resolution of the systemic problems that give rise to this bias in government behavior against the background of system transition.
基金the outcome of "Modernization of the Nation's Governance System and Construction of Government under the Rule of Law,"one of the major projects supported by the National Social ScienceFund in 2014(Project No.14ZDA018)
文摘Disclosure of government information involves the interests of the applicant, third parties and the public. Both systems for assessment of the public interest and the lessening importance of the applicant＇s qualifications make public interest the principal driver for disclosure of information. Exemptions to disclosure contain an implicit public interest. In conflicts between opposing interests over disclosure and non-disclosure, public interest is the key to balancing interests. Public interests supporting disclosure are related to such values as the right to know, democracy and public participation, whereas the interests supporting non-disclosure tend to be implicit in the exemptions to disclosure. Multiple interest entities and the two-sidedness of public interest increase the complexity of weighing the interests involved. Full and comprehensive analysis of interests and the exclusion of unrelated considerations are the premise for assessment of interests. Prioritizing the public interest and prioritizing openness are institutional values of the laws on disclosure of information and the fundamental principle for assessing interests.
文摘The balanced development of compulsory education,with a focus on the goal of educational equality,is both a matter of policy orientation and a practical educational issue.At present,people are mostly concerned with the unbalanced state of development of compulsory education,its causes,and issues regarding its administration.Various modes of production,policy choices,and institutional arrangements during different periods have been the practical,historical causes of differences in regional compulsory education,differences between urban and rural areas,and differences between schools.A direct consequence of the unbalanced development of compulsory education has been the emergence of irregularities in school selection.During the process of school selection,the strength of family and school social capital is increasingly influential,and it has increasingly negative effects:circumventing the policy of going to school near home,aggravating differences between families because of family and school social capital,and therefore damaging the prospect of educational equality.On this account,we present a constructive proposal for government policy to reduce the detrimental effects of social capital by means of reasonable policy choices and institutional arrangements.With prerequisite balanced allocation of school resources for compulsory education,the government reduces the role that family and social capital play in school selection and constructs a benignly competitive environment wherein school social capital works to placate social issues aroused by the intervention of the social capital of families and schools in school selection.
