With the significant increase of the number of entry mails in China, mail inspection has become more and more challenge. Australia and New Zealand are the two countries recognized as the ones with the most stringent i...With the significant increase of the number of entry mails in China, mail inspection has become more and more challenge. Australia and New Zealand are the two countries recognized as the ones with the most stringent inspection and quarantine measures in the world. The mail inspection work in China, Australia and New Zealand was compared on the aspects of mail quarantine system, inspection, quarantine treatment and punishment, based on which something worth learning and referring could be found and some suggestions were put forward, with the aim to provide theoretical basis for the animal and plant quarantine of entry mails.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the density of mast cells (MCs) in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to determine whether the MCs density has any correlations with histopathological grading, staging or some baseline patie...AIM: To investigate the density of mast cells (MCs) in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to determine whether the MCs density has any correlations with histopathological grading, staging or some baseline patient characteristics.METHODS: Tissue sections of 22 primary HCCs were histochemically stained with toluidine blue, in order to be able to quantify the MCs in and around the neoplasm using a computer-assisted image analysis system. HCC was staged and graded by two independent pathologists. To identify the sinusoidal capillarisation of each specimen 3μm thick sections were histochemically stained with sirius red, and semi-quantitatively evaluated by two independent observers. The data were statistically analysed using Spearman′s correlation and Student′s t-test when appropriate.RESULTS: MCs density did not correlate with the age or sex of the patients, the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, or the stage or grade of the HCC. No significant differences were found between the MCs density of the patients with and without hepatitis C virus infection, but they were significantly higher in the specimens showing marked sinusoidal capillarisation.CONCLUSION: The lack of any significant correlation between MCs density and the stage or grade of the neoplastic lesions suggests that there is no causal relationship between MCs recruitment and HCC. However, as capillarisation proceeds concurrently with arterial blood supply during hepatocarcinogenesis, MCs may be considered of primary importance in the transition from sinusoidal to capillary-type endothelial cells and the HCC growth.展开更多
Severe growth abnormalities including shoot stunting, leaf blade reduction and flower bud failure of Brussels sprout were observed in Poland. The presence of phytoplasma in diseased as well as in healthy looking plant...Severe growth abnormalities including shoot stunting, leaf blade reduction and flower bud failure of Brussels sprout were observed in Poland. The presence of phytoplasma in diseased as well as in healthy looking plants, was demonstrated by nested polymerase chain reaction assay employing phytoplasma universal rRNA primer pairs-P1/P7 followed by R16F2n/R16R2. Products of PCR primed by R 16F2n/R 16R2 primer pair from naturally infected Brussels sprouts were sequenced. Comparison of the obtained 16S rDNAs revealed high nucleotide sequence identity between analyzed phytoplasma isolates （99.8%-100%）. They were also nearly identical with the sequences of other phytoplasmas isolates from sub-group 16SrI-B, and they were classified as members of ＂Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris＂.展开更多
Designing primers for PCR-based diagnostics was achieved by executing sight searches on DNA sequences. Visual searching for specific DNA targets is time consuming, subjective and requires optimisation among numerous c...Designing primers for PCR-based diagnostics was achieved by executing sight searches on DNA sequences. Visual searching for specific DNA targets is time consuming, subjective and requires optimisation among numerous candidate primer sets. Several primer design software have been linked to useful bioinformatic packages to speed the development of PCR assays. Despite the software options available, primer design has remained a challenging aspect of incursion responses, biosecurity emergencies and microbial forensic applications. Two surveys were conducted among 45 plant virologists and 21 other plant pathologists during the 7th Australasian Plant Virology Workshop and the 16th Biennial Australasian Plant Pathology Conference in 2006 and 2007, respectively. Results show that most primer design learning occurs scientist to scientist rather than during academic teaching. This tendency matches with 16% of scientists users of PCR, who do not engage in primer design and 25% designing primers only by visual means, combining a pool of 41% who if trained, would likely enhance their performance in primer design. Only 13 out of 58 scientists ranked themselves as experts. Implementing primer design in study programs and regional training will benefit plant pathology and entomology, and the responsiveness and performance of biosecurity and microbial forensics in the South Pacific.展开更多
The article represents the glaucoma disability rates in Ukraine and touches upon medical and social aspects of the problem We have screened a data from source medical documents and analyzed the MSEK （Physical Disabil...The article represents the glaucoma disability rates in Ukraine and touches upon medical and social aspects of the problem We have screened a data from source medical documents and analyzed the MSEK （Physical Disability Board of Review） statistical reporting data, further used as a basis for calculation of live indices of general and primary disabilities caused by eye diseases, including the ones caused by primary open-angle glaucoma （7.05% and 9.99%, respectively）, the extensive distribution indices of disability by gender （75.74% male）, age （59.29% of II maturity patients）, and a disability group （56% of patients recognized disabled persons of groups I and II）. Our findings indicate a lack of modern science-based approaches to diagnosis, rehabilitation, and socio-medical examination of patients with ophthalmologic pathologies, thus requiring deeper study of this problem.展开更多
Objective： To establish an experimental model of urethral stricture in rabbits. Methods： A total of 21 adult male New Zealand rabbits were included into group. After intravenous anesthesia, urethroscopy was performe...Objective： To establish an experimental model of urethral stricture in rabbits. Methods： A total of 21 adult male New Zealand rabbits were included into group. After intravenous anesthesia, urethroscopy was performed with a pediatric resectoscope （F13）. Fifteen animals were randomly selected as the study group. A lcm-long circumferential electrocoagulation of the bulbar urethra was performed to these animals until ulceration of the mucosa. The remaining 6 animals underwent video urethroscopy without electrocoagulation, serving as controls. On the 30th day, retrograde urethrogram and urethroscopy were performed to evaluate urethral stricture formation, histological examinations （HE and Sirius Red staining） were done to assess urethral pathological change. Results： Two rabbits in study group died and no death occurred in controls. Based on urethrogram and urethroscopy, no rabbits in control group developed urethral stricture, while significant stricture formation was observed in every case of the study group. Histological examination showed a normal urethra in control cases, while at stricture site of the study group extensive fibrosis of muscle and submucous tis High collagen expression in fibrosis tissue was assayed sue by was observed with a large number of fibroblasts infiltration Sirius Red staining. Conclusion： A lcm-long endoscopic electrocoagulation can successfully induce urethral stricture formation in rabbit models. This method offers an ideal animal model for the fundamental and clinical study of urethral stricture展开更多
This paper investigates the short- and long-run causality relationship between Islamic banking and the economic growth. The main goal of this paper is to examine the relationship between the economic growth and Islami...This paper investigates the short- and long-run causality relationship between Islamic banking and the economic growth. The main goal of this paper is to examine the relationship between the economic growth and Islamic banking. The dataset used covers the Asia countries over the period of 1980-2009. The unit root test Im, Pesaran, and Shin （IPS） （2003） confirms that all of the variables that the authors use in the equation below are stationary. The empirical result of the Granger causality test shows a bidirectional relationship between Islamic banking and the economic growth and also a bidirectional relationship between the economic growth and export.展开更多
This study was considered to assess the risk of alum which is used in Sudan for drinking water treatment purposes for a long period without toxicity freedom records .Newzealand rabbits were chosen for animal phase tri...This study was considered to assess the risk of alum which is used in Sudan for drinking water treatment purposes for a long period without toxicity freedom records .Newzealand rabbits were chosen for animal phase trials, divided into 3 groups. One group was the undosed controls. Test groups were given alum at dose rates of 1% and 20% respectively for two groups after an adaptation period. Clinical signs were observed together with postmortem and histopathological examinations. Chemical investigations included enzymatic, metabolic, electrolyte and hematological changes. The test rabbits demonstrated low voice, inappitence, whitish salivation, watery diarrhea and recumbence followed by emphysematous, lungs, electrolyte imbalance, renal dysfunctions, stiff focal inflammation of the empty intestines and congested liver with white spots. The control group was normal .On atomic absorption only the lungs kept residual alum, while the livers washed- out the substance ,may be via bile .Alum -dosed rabbits showed necrosis in the cortex and medulla of the kidney, emphysema in the lungs and necrosis in the hepatocytes. On evaluation of the above results, alum was considered to be toxic to Newzealand rabbits at dose rates tried.展开更多
This study is to use cointegration, linear and non-linear Granger causality test to investigate the relationship between carbon dioxide （CO2） emissionand economic growth （GDP） in China for the period 1961-2010. Ou...This study is to use cointegration, linear and non-linear Granger causality test to investigate the relationship between carbon dioxide （CO2） emissionand economic growth （GDP） in China for the period 1961-2010. Our analysis shows that CO2 emission and GDP are balanced in the long-run. The results suggest that there is evidence that economic development can improve environmental degradation in the long-run. Moreover, the result of linear and non-linear Granger causality test indicates a long-run unidirectional causality running from GDP to CO2 emissions. The study suggests that in the long run, economic growth may have an adverse effect on the CO2 emissions in China. Government should take into account the environment in their current policies, which may be of great importance for policy decision-makers to develop economic policies to preserve economic growth while curbing of carbon emissions.展开更多
Objective： To explore the protective effects of two types of ischemic postconditioning （IP） on intestinal mucosa barrier in rabbits with crush injury of the hind limb. Methods： This study was conducted between Au...Objective： To explore the protective effects of two types of ischemic postconditioning （IP） on intestinal mucosa barrier in rabbits with crush injury of the hind limb. Methods： This study was conducted between August and December 2008 in the Department of Trauma Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China. The model of crush injury to the hind limb of rabbits was firstly developed by a 25 kg object with the right hind limbs fixed by wooden splints, and then two types of IP were established, including occluding/opening the common iliac artery and vein alternatively （traditional IP, IP A） and binding/loosening the proximum of the injured hind limb altematively （modified IP, IP B）. Thirty-six male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups： IP A group, IP B group and control group, with 12 rabbits in each group. The serum levels of diamine oxidase （DAO） and intestinal fatty acid-binding protein （I-FABP） were detected at 2, 6, 12 and 24 hours after injury. Pathologi- cal changes of ileum were examined at 24 hours after injury. Results： The serum levels of I-FABP at 2, 6, 12 and 24 hours after injury in both IPA and IP B groups had a significant decrease, compared with control group. DAO levels also showed the same change trend at 2 and 6 hours after injury, but showed no significant difference between two IP groups. No difference in pathological changes of ileum was found among the three groups. Conclusions： IP can protect intestinal mucosa barrier function on the model of hind limb crush injury in rabbits. Meanwhile the modified IP B shows the same protection as the traditional IP A, and is worth applying in clinic.展开更多
文摘With the significant increase of the number of entry mails in China, mail inspection has become more and more challenge. Australia and New Zealand are the two countries recognized as the ones with the most stringent inspection and quarantine measures in the world. The mail inspection work in China, Australia and New Zealand was compared on the aspects of mail quarantine system, inspection, quarantine treatment and punishment, based on which something worth learning and referring could be found and some suggestions were put forward, with the aim to provide theoretical basis for the animal and plant quarantine of entry mails.
基金the grants from the Foundation"Michele Rodriguez".Istituto Scientifico per le Misure Quantitative in Medicina,Milan,Italy
文摘AIM: To investigate the density of mast cells (MCs) in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to determine whether the MCs density has any correlations with histopathological grading, staging or some baseline patient characteristics.METHODS: Tissue sections of 22 primary HCCs were histochemically stained with toluidine blue, in order to be able to quantify the MCs in and around the neoplasm using a computer-assisted image analysis system. HCC was staged and graded by two independent pathologists. To identify the sinusoidal capillarisation of each specimen 3μm thick sections were histochemically stained with sirius red, and semi-quantitatively evaluated by two independent observers. The data were statistically analysed using Spearman′s correlation and Student′s t-test when appropriate.RESULTS: MCs density did not correlate with the age or sex of the patients, the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, or the stage or grade of the HCC. No significant differences were found between the MCs density of the patients with and without hepatitis C virus infection, but they were significantly higher in the specimens showing marked sinusoidal capillarisation.CONCLUSION: The lack of any significant correlation between MCs density and the stage or grade of the neoplastic lesions suggests that there is no causal relationship between MCs recruitment and HCC. However, as capillarisation proceeds concurrently with arterial blood supply during hepatocarcinogenesis, MCs may be considered of primary importance in the transition from sinusoidal to capillary-type endothelial cells and the HCC growth.
文摘Severe growth abnormalities including shoot stunting, leaf blade reduction and flower bud failure of Brussels sprout were observed in Poland. The presence of phytoplasma in diseased as well as in healthy looking plants, was demonstrated by nested polymerase chain reaction assay employing phytoplasma universal rRNA primer pairs-P1/P7 followed by R16F2n/R16R2. Products of PCR primed by R 16F2n/R 16R2 primer pair from naturally infected Brussels sprouts were sequenced. Comparison of the obtained 16S rDNAs revealed high nucleotide sequence identity between analyzed phytoplasma isolates （99.8%-100%）. They were also nearly identical with the sequences of other phytoplasmas isolates from sub-group 16SrI-B, and they were classified as members of ＂Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris＂.
文摘Designing primers for PCR-based diagnostics was achieved by executing sight searches on DNA sequences. Visual searching for specific DNA targets is time consuming, subjective and requires optimisation among numerous candidate primer sets. Several primer design software have been linked to useful bioinformatic packages to speed the development of PCR assays. Despite the software options available, primer design has remained a challenging aspect of incursion responses, biosecurity emergencies and microbial forensic applications. Two surveys were conducted among 45 plant virologists and 21 other plant pathologists during the 7th Australasian Plant Virology Workshop and the 16th Biennial Australasian Plant Pathology Conference in 2006 and 2007, respectively. Results show that most primer design learning occurs scientist to scientist rather than during academic teaching. This tendency matches with 16% of scientists users of PCR, who do not engage in primer design and 25% designing primers only by visual means, combining a pool of 41% who if trained, would likely enhance their performance in primer design. Only 13 out of 58 scientists ranked themselves as experts. Implementing primer design in study programs and regional training will benefit plant pathology and entomology, and the responsiveness and performance of biosecurity and microbial forensics in the South Pacific.
文摘The article represents the glaucoma disability rates in Ukraine and touches upon medical and social aspects of the problem We have screened a data from source medical documents and analyzed the MSEK （Physical Disability Board of Review） statistical reporting data, further used as a basis for calculation of live indices of general and primary disabilities caused by eye diseases, including the ones caused by primary open-angle glaucoma （7.05% and 9.99%, respectively）, the extensive distribution indices of disability by gender （75.74% male）, age （59.29% of II maturity patients）, and a disability group （56% of patients recognized disabled persons of groups I and II）. Our findings indicate a lack of modern science-based approaches to diagnosis, rehabilitation, and socio-medical examination of patients with ophthalmologic pathologies, thus requiring deeper study of this problem.
基金Supported by the Key Sci-Tech Research Project of Shaanxi Province(2006K12-G3)
文摘Objective： To establish an experimental model of urethral stricture in rabbits. Methods： A total of 21 adult male New Zealand rabbits were included into group. After intravenous anesthesia, urethroscopy was performed with a pediatric resectoscope （F13）. Fifteen animals were randomly selected as the study group. A lcm-long circumferential electrocoagulation of the bulbar urethra was performed to these animals until ulceration of the mucosa. The remaining 6 animals underwent video urethroscopy without electrocoagulation, serving as controls. On the 30th day, retrograde urethrogram and urethroscopy were performed to evaluate urethral stricture formation, histological examinations （HE and Sirius Red staining） were done to assess urethral pathological change. Results： Two rabbits in study group died and no death occurred in controls. Based on urethrogram and urethroscopy, no rabbits in control group developed urethral stricture, while significant stricture formation was observed in every case of the study group. Histological examination showed a normal urethra in control cases, while at stricture site of the study group extensive fibrosis of muscle and submucous tis High collagen expression in fibrosis tissue was assayed sue by was observed with a large number of fibroblasts infiltration Sirius Red staining. Conclusion： A lcm-long endoscopic electrocoagulation can successfully induce urethral stricture formation in rabbit models. This method offers an ideal animal model for the fundamental and clinical study of urethral stricture
文摘This paper investigates the short- and long-run causality relationship between Islamic banking and the economic growth. The main goal of this paper is to examine the relationship between the economic growth and Islamic banking. The dataset used covers the Asia countries over the period of 1980-2009. The unit root test Im, Pesaran, and Shin （IPS） （2003） confirms that all of the variables that the authors use in the equation below are stationary. The empirical result of the Granger causality test shows a bidirectional relationship between Islamic banking and the economic growth and also a bidirectional relationship between the economic growth and export.
文摘This study was considered to assess the risk of alum which is used in Sudan for drinking water treatment purposes for a long period without toxicity freedom records .Newzealand rabbits were chosen for animal phase trials, divided into 3 groups. One group was the undosed controls. Test groups were given alum at dose rates of 1% and 20% respectively for two groups after an adaptation period. Clinical signs were observed together with postmortem and histopathological examinations. Chemical investigations included enzymatic, metabolic, electrolyte and hematological changes. The test rabbits demonstrated low voice, inappitence, whitish salivation, watery diarrhea and recumbence followed by emphysematous, lungs, electrolyte imbalance, renal dysfunctions, stiff focal inflammation of the empty intestines and congested liver with white spots. The control group was normal .On atomic absorption only the lungs kept residual alum, while the livers washed- out the substance ,may be via bile .Alum -dosed rabbits showed necrosis in the cortex and medulla of the kidney, emphysema in the lungs and necrosis in the hepatocytes. On evaluation of the above results, alum was considered to be toxic to Newzealand rabbits at dose rates tried.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(71161011)
文摘This study is to use cointegration, linear and non-linear Granger causality test to investigate the relationship between carbon dioxide （CO2） emissionand economic growth （GDP） in China for the period 1961-2010. Our analysis shows that CO2 emission and GDP are balanced in the long-run. The results suggest that there is evidence that economic development can improve environmental degradation in the long-run. Moreover, the result of linear and non-linear Granger causality test indicates a long-run unidirectional causality running from GDP to CO2 emissions. The study suggests that in the long run, economic growth may have an adverse effect on the CO2 emissions in China. Government should take into account the environment in their current policies, which may be of great importance for policy decision-makers to develop economic policies to preserve economic growth while curbing of carbon emissions.
文摘Objective： To explore the protective effects of two types of ischemic postconditioning （IP） on intestinal mucosa barrier in rabbits with crush injury of the hind limb. Methods： This study was conducted between August and December 2008 in the Department of Trauma Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China. The model of crush injury to the hind limb of rabbits was firstly developed by a 25 kg object with the right hind limbs fixed by wooden splints, and then two types of IP were established, including occluding/opening the common iliac artery and vein alternatively （traditional IP, IP A） and binding/loosening the proximum of the injured hind limb altematively （modified IP, IP B）. Thirty-six male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups： IP A group, IP B group and control group, with 12 rabbits in each group. The serum levels of diamine oxidase （DAO） and intestinal fatty acid-binding protein （I-FABP） were detected at 2, 6, 12 and 24 hours after injury. Pathologi- cal changes of ileum were examined at 24 hours after injury. Results： The serum levels of I-FABP at 2, 6, 12 and 24 hours after injury in both IPA and IP B groups had a significant decrease, compared with control group. DAO levels also showed the same change trend at 2 and 6 hours after injury, but showed no significant difference between two IP groups. No difference in pathological changes of ileum was found among the three groups. Conclusions： IP can protect intestinal mucosa barrier function on the model of hind limb crush injury in rabbits. Meanwhile the modified IP B shows the same protection as the traditional IP A, and is worth applying in clinic.
