Kalimeris integrifolia Turcz. is a root sucker form perennial herb of Compositae. In die late period of growing season, fresh fleshy radicels grow up above the soil surface to develop root-borne buds, which in turn gr...Kalimeris integrifolia Turcz. is a root sucker form perennial herb of Compositae. In die late period of growing season, fresh fleshy radicels grow up above the soil surface to develop root-borne buds, which in turn grow into ramets and taproot. On the basis of observation on numerous samples, methods to classify the age of ramets and buds for the root sucker herbaceous plant population and to estimate the ages of taproots were established according to their morphology. The age of ramets was classified based on the regeneration times of taproot buds. Ramets developed from new root sucker buds were classified as 1 a. After 1 a ramets died, the ramets reproduced from the taproots were 2 a, and so on. New buds from a root sucker were 0 a buds, other age classes of buds were consistent with that of ramets, i.e. buds produced from taproots of I a ramets were 1 a buds, and so on. In the hay clipping meadows of the Songnen Plains, for K. integrifolia population, there are three age classes of ramets, representing a steady age structure. The maximal age of taproots of ramets is 4 a. Among all age classes, the population productivity of 2 a ramets was the highest, and that of I a ramets was the lowest. The ramet productivity increased with ramet age. During the early period of growing season, the productivity of 3 a ramets was the highest, but after the middle of growing season, I a ramets showed the greatest relative growth rate. The population size and age structure in the next year could be accurately forecasted by the number of fresh roots with budlet and present population in late autumn. The potential population in the bud banks was more than two times of the present population, which may provide sufficient substitution in the future.展开更多
In one of the first pages and crucial scenes of The Lying Days （1953）, we soon associate the narrating voice with that of a bright, inquisitive child of Scottish descent immersed in the harsh Witwatersrand scenario ...In one of the first pages and crucial scenes of The Lying Days （1953）, we soon associate the narrating voice with that of a bright, inquisitive child of Scottish descent immersed in the harsh Witwatersrand scenario of a mining estate outskirts in the 1930s, along a path crammed with Jews＇ concession stores and exotic-looking natives. The unruly little girl is Helen Shaw, the late Nadine Gordimer＇s fictional double in her still somewhat neglected first novel, a Bildungsroman where the South African writer coming from Springs admirably capitalized on the ＂camera-eye＂ perspectives and zooming-in on details which had already informed much of her masterly short fiction. The aim of the present paper is to shed light on Helen＇s difficult growth towards sociopolitical and ethical awakening--in a country finding itself more and more trapped in the apartheid grip--by pointing out the earliest, embryonic stages of such a progressive knocking down of epistemic barriers. The author will thus focus on ＂The Mine＂, the first and most concise of the three parts making up the novel, and show how Gordimer＇s acute prose, incisive style, and descriptive strategies prove to be a fitting tool for recording and weighing the experience of an indefatigable observer, a hungry mind in search of erased features, meaningful connections, revealing contexts and subjects展开更多
文摘Kalimeris integrifolia Turcz. is a root sucker form perennial herb of Compositae. In die late period of growing season, fresh fleshy radicels grow up above the soil surface to develop root-borne buds, which in turn grow into ramets and taproot. On the basis of observation on numerous samples, methods to classify the age of ramets and buds for the root sucker herbaceous plant population and to estimate the ages of taproots were established according to their morphology. The age of ramets was classified based on the regeneration times of taproot buds. Ramets developed from new root sucker buds were classified as 1 a. After 1 a ramets died, the ramets reproduced from the taproots were 2 a, and so on. New buds from a root sucker were 0 a buds, other age classes of buds were consistent with that of ramets, i.e. buds produced from taproots of I a ramets were 1 a buds, and so on. In the hay clipping meadows of the Songnen Plains, for K. integrifolia population, there are three age classes of ramets, representing a steady age structure. The maximal age of taproots of ramets is 4 a. Among all age classes, the population productivity of 2 a ramets was the highest, and that of I a ramets was the lowest. The ramet productivity increased with ramet age. During the early period of growing season, the productivity of 3 a ramets was the highest, but after the middle of growing season, I a ramets showed the greatest relative growth rate. The population size and age structure in the next year could be accurately forecasted by the number of fresh roots with budlet and present population in late autumn. The potential population in the bud banks was more than two times of the present population, which may provide sufficient substitution in the future.
文摘In one of the first pages and crucial scenes of The Lying Days （1953）, we soon associate the narrating voice with that of a bright, inquisitive child of Scottish descent immersed in the harsh Witwatersrand scenario of a mining estate outskirts in the 1930s, along a path crammed with Jews＇ concession stores and exotic-looking natives. The unruly little girl is Helen Shaw, the late Nadine Gordimer＇s fictional double in her still somewhat neglected first novel, a Bildungsroman where the South African writer coming from Springs admirably capitalized on the ＂camera-eye＂ perspectives and zooming-in on details which had already informed much of her masterly short fiction. The aim of the present paper is to shed light on Helen＇s difficult growth towards sociopolitical and ethical awakening--in a country finding itself more and more trapped in the apartheid grip--by pointing out the earliest, embryonic stages of such a progressive knocking down of epistemic barriers. The author will thus focus on ＂The Mine＂, the first and most concise of the three parts making up the novel, and show how Gordimer＇s acute prose, incisive style, and descriptive strategies prove to be a fitting tool for recording and weighing the experience of an indefatigable observer, a hungry mind in search of erased features, meaningful connections, revealing contexts and subjects
