Publicly available building energy data are exploding--thirteen American cities and 14 states now require them by law. This emergence of data nudges building owners and tenants to reduce energy consumption by comparin...Publicly available building energy data are exploding--thirteen American cities and 14 states now require them by law. This emergence of data nudges building owners and tenants to reduce energy consumption by comparing their usage to that of similar buildings. However, vast untapped energy reductions and deeper physical understandings can still be extracted from these data. This paper extends the energy saving impact and provides key insight into building performance through publicly-disclosed data by describing three initiatives at a large design finn. An internal high performance design reporting program compares projects from around the world and across offices. A case study of 706 buildings in New York City illustrates the value of tracking large-scale patterns to a design firm. Per capita energy and carbon usage is correlated to life expectancy to better inform neighborhood and city design. As more data freely flow out into the public, engineers must strategically engage it.展开更多
The rational design of urban public space has more and more attention of the community; in the end, people need public spaces of an active exploration and attempt. Through human experience of urban public space, the d...The rational design of urban public space has more and more attention of the community; in the end, people need public spaces of an active exploration and attempt. Through human experience of urban public space, the design of public space in the city questioned the rationality, emphasized the human behavior activities on public space design requirements, and emphasized the place of people, human behavior activities, and the activities of the Trinity design ideas. By comparing the two public spaces Analysis of Chongqing, it further emphasized the left of human activity, human stories and spirit; public space has lost its significance.展开更多
The Korea Water Resources Corporation （K-Water） has encountered four problems during the management of water resources of approximately 1,300 buildings spread throughout the country-degradation, budget constraints, ...The Korea Water Resources Corporation （K-Water） has encountered four problems during the management of water resources of approximately 1,300 buildings spread throughout the country-degradation, budget constraints, lack of standards, and lack of planning. In this study, we have developed a mechanism for collecting, maintaining, and analyzing ground data for repair and replacement works. Our BMS （building maintenance system） uses the recorded repair and replacement work histories and calculates the life cycle costs of the related items. Further, it enables the performance of repair and replacement tasks through an integrated approach aimed at preventive maintenance. In this manner, the BMS is expected to maximize the efficiency of the formulation of prevention and maintenance work plans, monitoring of work histories, predictions of future tasks from the analyses of repair and replacement histories, and performance of LCC （life cycle cost） calculations. Reliable maintenance of national properties can thus be achieved by using the BMS, which promotes reasonable and efficient repair and replacement activities.展开更多
The optical characteristics of a simple, planar, single layer, dielectric Mg-based guided mode resonance filter （GMRF） were investigated by means of rigorous-coupled wave analysis （RCWA）. This filter has great pot...The optical characteristics of a simple, planar, single layer, dielectric Mg-based guided mode resonance filter （GMRF） were investigated by means of rigorous-coupled wave analysis （RCWA）. This filter has great potential for real-life applications, especially as bio- and environmental sensors. The structure of the proposed sensor is compact, and all of its layers can be grown in a single process. In this paper, we present results on the design of a water pollution sensor in the violet region of the visible spectrum. The spectral and angular sensitivities of the sensor for both the transverse electric （TE） and transverse magnetic （TM） polarization modes were estimated and compared for various regions in the violet spectrum. A spectral response characterized with a narrow bandwidth and low reflection side bands was realized by carrying out extensive parameter search and optimization. Optimal spectral and angular sensitivities were found for the sensor with a grating thickness of 100nm in the TM polarized mode where we found them to be 100nm and 40 degrees, per index refraction unit, respectively.展开更多
A novel copper-mediated solvothermal method was proposed for synthesizing colloidal spheres of a new composition, palladium iodide （PdI2）. Typical procedure was designed to involve the introduction of cupric chlori...A novel copper-mediated solvothermal method was proposed for synthesizing colloidal spheres of a new composition, palladium iodide （PdI2）. Typical procedure was designed to involve the introduction of cupric chloride （CuCI2） as weak oxidant. CuCI2 was found to be essential for preventing the easy formation of palladium deposits as well as facilitating the synthesis and assembly. Under the co-effect of CuC12 and the surfactant of polyvinylpyrrolidone （PVP）, neutral PdI2 colloidal spheres with narrow size distribution were successfully produced. Such ion-assisted synthetic method is believed to be prospective in producing well-constructed nanostructures.展开更多
文摘Publicly available building energy data are exploding--thirteen American cities and 14 states now require them by law. This emergence of data nudges building owners and tenants to reduce energy consumption by comparing their usage to that of similar buildings. However, vast untapped energy reductions and deeper physical understandings can still be extracted from these data. This paper extends the energy saving impact and provides key insight into building performance through publicly-disclosed data by describing three initiatives at a large design finn. An internal high performance design reporting program compares projects from around the world and across offices. A case study of 706 buildings in New York City illustrates the value of tracking large-scale patterns to a design firm. Per capita energy and carbon usage is correlated to life expectancy to better inform neighborhood and city design. As more data freely flow out into the public, engineers must strategically engage it.
文摘The rational design of urban public space has more and more attention of the community; in the end, people need public spaces of an active exploration and attempt. Through human experience of urban public space, the design of public space in the city questioned the rationality, emphasized the human behavior activities on public space design requirements, and emphasized the place of people, human behavior activities, and the activities of the Trinity design ideas. By comparing the two public spaces Analysis of Chongqing, it further emphasized the left of human activity, human stories and spirit; public space has lost its significance.
文摘The Korea Water Resources Corporation （K-Water） has encountered four problems during the management of water resources of approximately 1,300 buildings spread throughout the country-degradation, budget constraints, lack of standards, and lack of planning. In this study, we have developed a mechanism for collecting, maintaining, and analyzing ground data for repair and replacement works. Our BMS （building maintenance system） uses the recorded repair and replacement work histories and calculates the life cycle costs of the related items. Further, it enables the performance of repair and replacement tasks through an integrated approach aimed at preventive maintenance. In this manner, the BMS is expected to maximize the efficiency of the formulation of prevention and maintenance work plans, monitoring of work histories, predictions of future tasks from the analyses of repair and replacement histories, and performance of LCC （life cycle cost） calculations. Reliable maintenance of national properties can thus be achieved by using the BMS, which promotes reasonable and efficient repair and replacement activities.
文摘The optical characteristics of a simple, planar, single layer, dielectric Mg-based guided mode resonance filter （GMRF） were investigated by means of rigorous-coupled wave analysis （RCWA）. This filter has great potential for real-life applications, especially as bio- and environmental sensors. The structure of the proposed sensor is compact, and all of its layers can be grown in a single process. In this paper, we present results on the design of a water pollution sensor in the violet region of the visible spectrum. The spectral and angular sensitivities of the sensor for both the transverse electric （TE） and transverse magnetic （TM） polarization modes were estimated and compared for various regions in the violet spectrum. A spectral response characterized with a narrow bandwidth and low reflection side bands was realized by carrying out extensive parameter search and optimization. Optimal spectral and angular sensitivities were found for the sensor with a grating thickness of 100nm in the TM polarized mode where we found them to be 100nm and 40 degrees, per index refraction unit, respectively.
基金supported by the National Basic Program of China for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (973 Program,2011CB932401)the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (20921001)
文摘A novel copper-mediated solvothermal method was proposed for synthesizing colloidal spheres of a new composition, palladium iodide （PdI2）. Typical procedure was designed to involve the introduction of cupric chloride （CuCI2） as weak oxidant. CuCI2 was found to be essential for preventing the easy formation of palladium deposits as well as facilitating the synthesis and assembly. Under the co-effect of CuC12 and the surfactant of polyvinylpyrrolidone （PVP）, neutral PdI2 colloidal spheres with narrow size distribution were successfully produced. Such ion-assisted synthetic method is believed to be prospective in producing well-constructed nanostructures.
