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共用草场共管制度的运作及其溃败——以西藏林芝县秀巴村的个案研究为例 被引量:5
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作者 周涛 《西藏民族学院学报(哲学社会科学版)》 2011年第4期70-77,140,共8页
继草场产权私有与政府主导的大规模草原环境治理并没能有效遏制草原沙化后,社区草场共管成为可供尝试的另一种方式。本文基于在西藏东南部林芝县秀巴村所做的个案研究,着重分析当地在1984年畜群分配到户后所逐步发展起来的一套共用草场... 继草场产权私有与政府主导的大规模草原环境治理并没能有效遏制草原沙化后,社区草场共管成为可供尝试的另一种方式。本文基于在西藏东南部林芝县秀巴村所做的个案研究,着重分析当地在1984年畜群分配到户后所逐步发展起来的一套共用草场的共管制度,并从共用草场的维持与扩张、村落内部的互惠、夏季牧场的放牧制度以及冬草的分配等方面来具体论述该共管制度的运作。不过,这套制度却在近年来急剧的社会变迁中走向溃败。本文通过借用Ostrom(1990)的共用资源共管理论,除了揭示共管制度溃败在制度上的成因外,更要寻找出其背后所交织的社会、文化及环境等要素。 展开更多
关键词 草场管理 共用资源共管理论 环境人类学 青藏高原 藏族
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郑孝胥王道思想异变探究
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作者 程太红 《齐齐哈尔大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》 2020年第5期127-130,共4页
郑孝胥秉承"忠节原天性"的信仰,将王道作为其终极政治目标。早年积极入世,但始终没有机会手握实权。辛亥革命的爆发更是让他的王道政治前途暗淡。民国时期,郑孝胥在王道思想的基础上作出"大势必趋于共管矣"的判断,... 郑孝胥秉承"忠节原天性"的信仰,将王道作为其终极政治目标。早年积极入世,但始终没有机会手握实权。辛亥革命的爆发更是让他的王道政治前途暗淡。民国时期,郑孝胥在王道思想的基础上作出"大势必趋于共管矣"的判断,王道思想发生变化。20世纪30年代,日本策划"满洲国"阴谋。郑孝胥误认为可援引日本作为后盾与外援。但在伪满洲国实际运行中,王道建设困难重重。面对日本的横蛮暴虐,郑孝胥不断妥协与退让,王道异化成"其言乃粪土"的汉奸理论。郑孝胥企图以其学识与能力拯救中国乃至世界,但是昧于国际国内大势的基本判断,又拘囿于狂傲自负的性格,最后沦为民族罪人,"功名自是误人物,败德丧真作吾害"是其一生真实写照。 展开更多
关键词 郑孝胥 王道 共管理论 伪满洲国
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Anti-synchronization in Different Hyperchaotic Systems 被引量:1
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作者 DOU Fu-Quan SUN Jian-An DUAN Wen-Shan 《Communications in Theoretical Physics》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2008年第10期907-912,共6页
Based on active control theory, anti-synchronization between two different hyperchaotic systems is investigated. The sufficient conditions for achieving anti-synchronization of two different hyperchaotic systems are d... Based on active control theory, anti-synchronization between two different hyperchaotic systems is investigated. The sufficient conditions for achieving anti-synchronization of two different hyperchaotic systems are derived. Moreover, numerical simulations are presented for hyperehaotic Lorenz-Chen system, hyperchaotic Lorenz-Lu system, and hyperchaotic Chen Lu system to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed anti-synchronization scheme. 展开更多
关键词 ANTI-SYNCHRONIZATION hyperchaotic system active control
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The Development Strategy Based on 4Ps Theory of Continuing Education in Universities
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作者 TANG Yaner ZHU Caiju 《International English Education Research》 2018年第2期80-82,共3页
From the perspective of marketing theory and the premise of SWOT theory analysis,this paper puts forward the basic strategies of developing continuing education based on 4Ps theory in universities.Combined with the ed... From the perspective of marketing theory and the premise of SWOT theory analysis,this paper puts forward the basic strategies of developing continuing education based on 4Ps theory in universities.Combined with the educational products in the field of management and public administration in the market economy,this paper analyzes the strengths,weaknesses,opportunities and threats in the development of continuing education in universities.From the four aspects of product,price,place and promotion,we summarize the concrete measure which may provide the reference to develop continuing education. 展开更多
关键词 SWOT Analysis 4Ps Theory Continuing Education STRATEGY
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Establishing a Teacher Performance Evaluation System Geared to the Cultivation of Character:With a Reflection on New Public Management Theory
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作者 You Xuqun Li Cunna 《Social Sciences in China》 2021年第1期135-157,共23页
Since New Public Management theory,which seeks to promote public management reform with the techniques used to catalyze economic development,was introduced into the field of education,it has led to the implementation ... Since New Public Management theory,which seeks to promote public management reform with the techniques used to catalyze economic development,was introduced into the field of education,it has led to the implementation of education accountability measures and reforms focusing on performance-related pay for teachers.Performance-related pay was meant to improve teacher performance,and has played an important role in providing teachers with incentives and raising educational quality.In practice,however,problems have emerged that deserve serious attention.For example,the evaluation indicators based on this theory have distorted the direction of public management due to their over-emphasis on instrumental rationality and neglect of value rationality.Further,they highlight the interim goal of"instilling knowledge"at the cost of the fundamental aim of"cultivating talent,"thus producing results opposite to those intended.On the basis of the value rationality of education and China’s reality,this paper suggests that educational institutions should shift from"New Public Management"to a"holistic and decentralized governance"approach,fostering an environment dedicated to cultivating talent and introducing this feature intothe evaluation of teacher performance.The core socialist values need to be integrated into teacher policy and internalized by teachers as their emotional identity and customary behavior. 展开更多
关键词 New Public Management theory teacher performance evaluation indicators holistic and decentralized governance cultivating talent
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