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Facilitators and barriers to parent-child communication in pediatric palliative care:An integrative review
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作者 Miao Zhang Huanhuan Li +1 位作者 Fei Li Yongai Zhang 《International Journal of Nursing Sciences》 CSCD 2024年第4期495-503,共9页
Objectives:This study aimed to identify facilitators and barriers to parent-child communication in pediatric palliative care,providing insights for medical professionals developing targeted interventions to enhance pa... Objectives:This study aimed to identify facilitators and barriers to parent-child communication in pediatric palliative care,providing insights for medical professionals developing targeted interventions to enhance parent-child communication and improve its effectiveness.Methods:Whittemore and Knafl’s integrative review method was employed to guide a systematic search for literature in six databases(Medline,Embase,CINAHL Complete,PsycINFO,Web of Science,and Cochrane Library).Peer-reviewer articles published in the English language from inception to December 2023.All of the identified studies were screened,extracted,and analyzed independently by two researchers.Results:Twenty-four articles were included.Thefindings of the relevant studies were analyzed using thematic analysis.Four themes were identified as facilitators:legacy-making,resilience training programs,guidance from the healthcare team,and positive communication.Seven themes were identified as barriers:denial,being unprepared and evasive,mutual protection,being overwhelmed by painful emotions and overloaded with information,incorrect views of medical professionals and parents,negative communication,and cultural context.Conclusions:Parents and professionals should avoid myths about protecting the child and encourage open communication that respects the child’s wishes.The specialized pediatric palliative care team should carefully monitor parent-child communication,determine if any obstacles exist,and design more interventions to enhance it. 展开更多
关键词 COMMUNICATION Palliative care Parent-child relationship PEDIATRICS REVIEW
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Inferring Genome Ancestry and Estimating Molecular Relatedness Among 187 Chinese Maize Inbred Lines 被引量:27
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作者 谢传晓 张世煌 +5 位作者 李明顺 李新海 郝转芳 白丽 张德贵 梁业红 《Journal of Genetics and Genomics》 SCIE CAS CSCD 北大核心 2007年第8期738-748,共11页
The inference of genome ancestry and the estimation of molecular relatedness are of great importance for breeding efficiency and association studies. Seventy SSR loci, evenly distributed in 10 chromosomes, were assaye... The inference of genome ancestry and the estimation of molecular relatedness are of great importance for breeding efficiency and association studies. Seventy SSR loci, evenly distributed in 10 chromosomes, were assayed for polymorphism among 187 commonly used maize (Zea mays L.) inbreds which represent the genetic diversity in China. The identified 290 alleles served as raw data for estimating population structure using the coalescent linked loci, based on the ADMIXTURE model. Population number, K, has been inferred to be between five and seven. Specifying five subpopulations (K = 5) led to a distinct decrease and specifying K to be greater than six resulted in only minimal increases in the likelihood value. Therefore, population number, K, has been inferred into six subpopulations, which are PA, BSSS (includes Reid), PB, Lan (Lancaster Sure Crop), LRC (Luda Reb Cob, a Chinese landrace, and its derivatives), and SPT (Si-ping-tou, a Chinese landrace and its derivatives). The Kullback-Leibler distance of pairwise subpopulation was also inferred as n × p (187 ×6) Q matrices, which gave a detailed percentage of genetic composition of six subpopulations and molecular relatedness of each line. The genome-wide linkage disequilibrium (LD) indicated that the asso- ciation studies in QTLs and/or candidate genes might avoid nonfunctional and spurious associations, as most of the LD blocks were broken among diverse germplasm. The defined population structure has given us a clear genetic structure of these lines for breeding practice and established a good basis for association analysis. 展开更多
关键词 MAIZE genetic diversity relatedness linkage disequilibrium association analysis
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Genetic relationship of interspecies for eight birch species 被引量:2
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作者 姜静 杨传平 +2 位作者 刘桂丰 武金华 李同华 《Journal of Forestry Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2002年第4期281-284,337,共4页
Genetic relationships of eight species of genus Betula were evaluated using ISSR marks. A total of 236 loci were generated from 17 ISSR primers. Percentage of polymorphic bands (PPB) varied from 5.93 to 19.92. The hig... Genetic relationships of eight species of genus Betula were evaluated using ISSR marks. A total of 236 loci were generated from 17 ISSR primers. Percentage of polymorphic bands (PPB) varied from 5.93 to 19.92. The highest and the lowest level of genetic differentiation were detected in B. ovalifolia and B. maximowicziana Regel respectively. In these eight species, genetic diversity of birch (HT) was 24.38 %, and the genetic variation (GST ) interspecies was accounting for 79.36% of total genetic variation. According to the cluster results of genetic distance, the eight species were classified into three groups as B. davurica, B. ovalifolia, B. platyphylla and B. pendula for one group; B. schmidtii, B. costata and B. ermanii Cham. var. communis for one group, and B. maximowicziana Regel for another group. The result of cluster is consistent with traditional morphological classification. 展开更多
关键词 BIRCH Inter simple sequence repeat Genetic relationship Interspecies
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AFLP Variation Analysis on the Germplasm Resources of Leymus chinensis 被引量:10
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作者 刘杰 朱至清 +2 位作者 刘公社 齐冬梅 李芳芳 《Acta Botanica Sinica》 CSCD 2002年第7期845-851,共7页
The fingerprints of 27 Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel accessions from different regions in China were generated and their genomic DNA variations were assayed via amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). A to... The fingerprints of 27 Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel accessions from different regions in China were generated and their genomic DNA variations were assayed via amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). A total of 537 DNA fragments were amplified ranging from 75-530 bp using 8 AFLP primer combinations, among which 89 (16.6%) were monomorphic and 329 (61.3%) were polymorphic. The average number of DNA band produced by each primer combination was 66.13 and the total polymorphic rate was 78.84%. PICs (polymorphic information contents) scores for AFLP ranged from 0.0-0.5 and the mean PIC was 0.216. PIC scores were maximum (0.5) for 8.5% of the AFLP markers. All the results revealed that there was rich polymorphism in genomic DNA of L. chinensis . A DNA molecular dendrogram was established for 27 L. chinensis genotypes based on genetic variation and UPGMA cluster analysis of 537 AFLP markers amplified by 8 primer combination, suggesting that the genetic variation with high frequency showed close correlation with their ecotopes and geographical distributions. Twenty_seven L. chinensis genotypes could be divided into four groups. Among them the lower genetic relationship was shown. The reason of high genetic variation frequency in L. chinensis species and formation of varieties was discussed. 展开更多
关键词 Leymus chinensis AFLP genetic relationship
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The Phylogenetic Relationships of an Endemic Genus Sinadoxa in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau: Evidence from ITS Sequence Analysis 被引量:7
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作者 刘建全 陈之端 路安民 《Acta Botanica Sinica》 CSCD 2000年第6期656-658,共3页
对青藏高原特有的濒危植物华福花 (SinadoxacorydalifoliaC .Y .Wu ,Z .L .WuetR .F .Huang)的核糖体DNA中的内转录间隔区 (ITS)序列及 5 .8SrRNA基因的序列进行了测定。同川续断目和五加目有关类群序列的比较及分支分析表明华福花属与... 对青藏高原特有的濒危植物华福花 (SinadoxacorydalifoliaC .Y .Wu ,Z .L .WuetR .F .Huang)的核糖体DNA中的内转录间隔区 (ITS)序列及 5 .8SrRNA基因的序列进行了测定。同川续断目和五加目有关类群序列的比较及分支分析表明华福花属与五福花属 (AdoxaL .)近缘 ,不支持它可能与五加目或败酱科有亲缘关系的假设。尽管形态上它与五福花属分化十分明显 ,但ITS碱基分异却较小。引起其系统位置发生争论的外部形态为什么进化得如此之快 ,是值得进一步深入探讨的课题。 展开更多
关键词 Sinadoxa corydalifolia internal transcribed spacers (ITS) SYSTEMATICS EVOLUTION
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ISSR Analysis of Genetic Relationship of Germplasm Resource in Prunus mume Sibe. et Zucc 被引量:4
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作者 桂腾琴 乔爱民 +2 位作者 孙敏 王心燕 吴和原 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2009年第5期92-95,共4页
Using ISSR technique to analyze the diversity and genetic relationship of germplasm resources in 39 Prunus mume Sibe. et Zucc., the result showed that 10 primers were screened with high resolution from 51 primers, 120... Using ISSR technique to analyze the diversity and genetic relationship of germplasm resources in 39 Prunus mume Sibe. et Zucc., the result showed that 10 primers were screened with high resolution from 51 primers, 120 fragments were amplified, of which 98 were polymorphic loci, accounting for 81.67% of total. Tested materials were divided into 3 classes, as was fundamentally accorded with the traditional classification base on horticulture. There was no obvious difference in geographic relationship among the clustering results. 展开更多
关键词 Prunus mume Sibe. et Zucc. Germplasm resource Genetic diversity Genetic relationship ISSR
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Analysis of Genetic Relationships in Prunus domestica L. in Xinjiang Using ISSR Markers 被引量:1
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作者 孙琪 廖康 +5 位作者 耿文娟 刘娟 曼苏尔.那斯尔 刘欢 贾杨 曹倩 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2015年第3期447-453,503,共8页
[Objective] This paper aimed to explore the genetic relationships among different types of Prunus domestica L. in Xinjiang. [Method] The inter-simple se- quence repeat (ISSR) markers were applied to analyze the gene... [Objective] This paper aimed to explore the genetic relationships among different types of Prunus domestica L. in Xinjiang. [Method] The inter-simple se- quence repeat (ISSR) markers were applied to analyze the genetic diversity and relationships among 30 individual plants from 5 types of P. domestica germpiasm resources in Xinjiang. [Result] A total of 317 bands were amplified by 16 selected IS- SR primers. Among the amplified bands, there were 246 polymorphic bands, accounting for 77.60% of the total. The Nei's gene diversity index (H) of individuals was 0.266 6. The average Shannon's information index (I) of individuals was 0.399 1. And most of the genetic similarity coefficients ranged from 0.555 2 to 0.996 8. It is indicated that the P. domestica germplasm resources have a certain genetic diversity in Xinjiang. The cluster analysis showed that, at the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.719, the 30 individuals were divided into 3 major groups, including a group of introduced European plum varieties, a group of Tacheng Smoked Plum and Tacheng Binzi and a group of Jiashi Smoked Plum and Wild European Plum. While at the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.949, Jiashi Smoked Plum and Wild European Plum were divided into two small groups. [Conclusion] There are very close genetic relationships between Jiashi Smoked Plum and Wild European Plum, and among the introduced European plum varieties, Tacheng Smoked Plum and Tacheng Binzi. 展开更多
关键词 XINJIANG Prunus domestica L. ISSR Genetic relationship
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Analysis of Genetic Relationship among Medicago sativa,Medicago falcate and Trigonella foenum-graecum Using ISSR 被引量:2
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作者 刘磊 王宗礼 +4 位作者 李志勇 周国栋 师文贵 李鸿雁 蔡丽艳 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2012年第10期2076-2079,共4页
[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the genetic relationships among Medicago sativa,Medicago falcata and Trigonella foenum-graecum.[Method] ISSR technique was adopted to determine their genetic relationships.[Resu... [Objective] This study aimed to analyze the genetic relationships among Medicago sativa,Medicago falcata and Trigonella foenum-graecum.[Method] ISSR technique was adopted to determine their genetic relationships.[Result] M.sativa,M.falcate and T.foenum-graecum had a broad genetic base.T.foenum-graecum shared closer relationship with M.falcata rather than M.sativa.The study on relationship between M.sativa and T.foenum-graecum was advantageous to identify disputable transition types.But a boundary should be found to identify species to be M.sativa or T.foenum-graecum.[Conclusion] This study will provide reference for identifying some disputable transition types. 展开更多
关键词 Medicago sativa L. Medicago falcata L. Trigonella foenum-graecum L. RELATIONSHIP ISSR
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Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Dendrobium by RSAP Marker 被引量:1
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作者 任羽 杨光穗 +3 位作者 陆顺教 徐世松 黄少华 尹俊梅 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2013年第12期1710-1713,1722,共5页
[Objective] This study aimed to analyse the genetic diversity of and genet- ic relationship between 33 Dendrobium species by using RSAP (Restriction Site Amplification Polymorphism) marker technique. [Method] A PCR-... [Objective] This study aimed to analyse the genetic diversity of and genet- ic relationship between 33 Dendrobium species by using RSAP (Restriction Site Amplification Polymorphism) marker technique. [Method] A PCR-reaction system was established, by which 33 pairs of primers screened from 45 pairs were used to con- duct the PCR amplification. [Results] The 33 pairs of primers produced 2 047 ampli- fied fragments, of which 2 044 were polymorphic, with a polymorphism rate of 99.8%, and each pair of primers produced 61.9 polymorphic fragments on average. The genetic similarity coefficients between species ranged from 0.081 to 0.442, sug- gesting that the experimental materials used in this study possess a wide genetic background. According to the result of RSAP, the 33 Dendrobium species were di- vided into 6 groups by the cluster analysis (UPGMA). The result showed that the genetic relationship between D. acinaciforme and D. guangxiense was the closest, and that between D. sinense and either D. lituiflorum or D. hancockii was the fur- thest. [Conclusion] The result suggested that Dendrobium germplasms have a great genetic diversity. This study provides a molecular basis for the classification and breeding of Dendrobium plants, as well as the selection of hybridization parents in the future. 展开更多
关键词 DENDROBIUM RSAP Genetic relationship Genetic diversity
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AFLP Analysis of Phylogenetic Relationship of Salvia spp. in Beijing 被引量:1
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作者 杨建玉 陈洪伟 +4 位作者 刘克锋 王红利 刘永光 王顺利 金珠理达 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2010年第2期72-75,共4页
Twenty-third collections of Salvia spp.in Beijing were analyzed phylogenetically by AFLP technique.6 primer pairs with good repetition and highly polymorphic bands from 21 pairs were selected to amplify the genomic DN... Twenty-third collections of Salvia spp.in Beijing were analyzed phylogenetically by AFLP technique.6 primer pairs with good repetition and highly polymorphic bands from 21 pairs were selected to amplify the genomic DNA.All of 367 AFLP bands were obtained,in which 359(97.82%)were polymorphic markers.At a genetic distance of 0.32,the collections could be clustered into 7 species i.e.S.splendens,S.farinacea,S.coccinea,S.plebeia,S.miltiorrhiza,S.umbratica and S.officinalis.The respective genetic relationship be... 展开更多
关键词 Salvia spp. AFLP Genetics analysis Salvia splendens
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Research on the Karyotype and Evolution of Drosophila melanogaster Species Group 被引量:1
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作者 邓秋红 曾庆韬 +2 位作者 钱远槐 李春选 杨勇 《Journal of Genetics and Genomics》 SCIE CAS CSCD 北大核心 2007年第3期196-213,共18页
Mitotic metaphase chromosomes of 34 species of Drosophila melanogaster species group were examined. Certain new karyotypes were described for the first time, and their evolutionary and interspecific genetic relationsh... Mitotic metaphase chromosomes of 34 species of Drosophila melanogaster species group were examined. Certain new karyotypes were described for the first time, and their evolutionary and interspecific genetic relationships among 8 subgroups of D. melanogaster species group were analyzed systematically. The results were as follows. The basic karyotype of elegans subgroup was type A. The karyotypes of eugracilis subgroup, melanogaster subgroup, and ficusphila subgroup were all type C. The karyotypes of takahashii subgroup and suzukii subgroup were both type C and type D. The montium subgroup had six kinds of karyotypes types B, C, C', D, D', and E. The ananassae subgroup had three kinds of karyotypes: types F, G, and H. Thus, the melanogaster species group was classified into five pedigrees based on the diversity of these karyotypes: 1) elegans; 2) eugracilis-melanogasterficusphila; 3) takkahashii-suzukii; 4) montium; 5) ananassae. The above-mentioned results in karyotypic evolution were consistent with those of DNA sequence analysis reported by Yang except for the elegans subgroup and this subgroup was considered as the ancestral subgroup. Karyotype analysis of the same drosophila from different isofemale lines indicated that the same Drosophila from different places showed karyotypic variation which might be due to different geographical environment and evolutionary degree or interaction between the two factors. 展开更多
关键词 DROSOPHILA Drosophila melanogaster species group KARYOTYPE genetic relationships EVOLUTION
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Identification of the Parentage of Corn Variety Using SSR Markers 被引量:11
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作者 沈童伟 陆徐忠 +2 位作者 刘勋辉 李莉 杨剑波 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2009年第4期55-60,共6页
[Objective] The study was to explore the molecular interpretation standards on parentage in the seeds of corn variety. [Method] With 16 hybrids and their parents and 202 inbred elites as materials for screening primer... [Objective] The study was to explore the molecular interpretation standards on parentage in the seeds of corn variety. [Method] With 16 hybrids and their parents and 202 inbred elites as materials for screening primers, the artificial groups of two standard diad and two standard triad were respectively established as the verification materials. Genomic DNA of seedlings was extracted by using CTAB method. 137 pairs of SSR primers were selected for SSR amplification and product detection, which was used for the parentage identification of maize varieties. [ Result] Twenty pairs of corn primers with high polymorphism information content ( PIC value), clearly amplified bands and good reproducibility were screened from 137 pairs of corn SSR primers tested. The identification results of using SSR molecular were consistent with the actual situation. [ Conclusion] It is feasible to identify the parentage of maize variety using SSR markers. 展开更多
关键词 MAIZE SSR marker Corn primer Parentage identification
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论侗族婚姻礼俗中的原生文化内涵 被引量:1
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作者 秦秀强 《民族论坛》 1988年第1期55-60,共6页
一 1886年,马克思主义民俗学奠基人之一的拉法格在《关于婚姻的民间歌谣和礼俗》这篇著名的论文中指出:“在各族人民中,婚姻曾经产生了为数甚多的民歌,同时也形成了稀奇的礼俗”我国的侗族正是这样,其婚姻作为一个能动的历史因素,在它... 一 1886年,马克思主义民俗学奠基人之一的拉法格在《关于婚姻的民间歌谣和礼俗》这篇著名的论文中指出:“在各族人民中,婚姻曾经产生了为数甚多的民歌,同时也形成了稀奇的礼俗”我国的侗族正是这样,其婚姻作为一个能动的历史因素,在它所必然经历的从杂乱婚、血缘群婚、普那路亚婚、对偶婚到专偶婚这一动态历程中,产生了大量与婚姻有关的民歌,并形成了很多有关的礼俗。当代侗族婚姻,是在男女平等的基础上实行的一夫一妻制。但其婚姻礼俗,颇富民族特色。 展开更多
关键词 侗族 亲客 峒蛮 婚姻习俗 哭嫁 娘伴 原生文化 婚姻礼俗 关亲
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Discussion on AFLP Molecular Markers in Piper methysticum and Pepper 被引量:2
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作者 施江 辛莉 +1 位作者 杨彦 郑学勤 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2007年第3期5-10,19,共7页
The aim of the research was to discuss the genetic relationships between Piper methysticum, Pepper and other wild species in Pepper genus. DNA was extracted from leaves which belonged to 28 germplasms including 6 mate... The aim of the research was to discuss the genetic relationships between Piper methysticum, Pepper and other wild species in Pepper genus. DNA was extracted from leaves which belonged to 28 germplasms including 6 materials of P. methysticum, 21 maerials of cultivated and wild Pepper, 1 material of Peperomia pellucida belonged to different genus. Premiers with good band-type and high polymorphism and resolution were selected from 64 pairs of primers for AFLP amplification and the clustering analysis was conducted with MVSP3.13f software. 191 bands were amplified by 4 pairs of premiers, 189 of which had polymorphism, being 98.6%. 28 germplasms were classified into 6 different groups at the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.52 by silver staining AFLP, in which 6 materials of Piper methysticum were clustered into a single group, indicating that P. methysticum belonged to Pepper family of Pepper genus but were distantly related to the others. The research provided the basis for selecting rootstocks for P. methysticum graft, molecular identification of P. methysticum and the fingerprint construction of P. methysticum. 展开更多
关键词 Piper methysticum PEPPER Amplified fragment length polymorphism
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The New Discoveries of Specific Characteristics of Yulania Spach 被引量:2
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作者 赵东欣 赵东武 孙军 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2008年第1期54-59,共6页
The research history and new discoveries of the specific characteristics of Yulania Spach were reported, as to the specific characteristics, such as the terminal , axillary and fascicled similar flower buds,sometimes ... The research history and new discoveries of the specific characteristics of Yulania Spach were reported, as to the specific characteristics, such as the terminal , axillary and fascicled similar flower buds,sometimes polycymes; 2-4 flower types of a plant; two spathe-like stipoles of single flower; drape or overlap of tepals, deep split or shallow split on the edge of tepals. The discoveries could provide valuable information for the further studies on the taxonomic system, anthotaxical evolution, phylogenetic relationship and breeding. 展开更多
关键词 Yulania Spach Specific characteristics New discoveries
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RAPD analysis between color-different crab individuals of Portunus trituberculatus
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作者 迟大利 阎斌伦 +1 位作者 沈颂东 高焕 《Marine Science Bulletin》 CAS 2010年第2期47-54,共8页
The blue swimming crabs Portunus trituberculatus with tea-green and/or purple carapace color have been discovered on the shore of eastern part of China these days, In this paper, 40 color-different crab individuals we... The blue swimming crabs Portunus trituberculatus with tea-green and/or purple carapace color have been discovered on the shore of eastern part of China these days, In this paper, 40 color-different crab individuals were evaluated using 80 RAPD primers. 30 primers were selected using bulk segregation analysis (BSA) and RAPD-PCR analysis. The results showed that the ratio of polymorphic loci was 61.29%, and Nei's gene diversity was 0.375 6, and Shannon's information index was 0.554 5 among purple crab individuals; and the ratio of polymorphic loci was 62.44%, and Nei's gene diversity was 0.3451, and Shannon's information index was 0.5099 among tea-green crab individuals. It was clear that the genetic diversity between purple and tea-green crabs was similar, which indicated close phylogenetic relationships between the purple and tea-green crabs. In addition, two primers (SBS A09 and SBS G16) got specific DNA bands by comparing forty individuals of color-different crab individuals through RAPD-PCR analysis and the following electrophoresis. They indicated close phylogenetic relationships between purple and tea-green crabs. 展开更多
关键词 body-color phylogenetic relationships Portunus trituberculatus RAPD
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SRAP Analysis on Genetic Relationship of Carthamus tinctorius L Varieties in Xinjiang 被引量:1
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作者 刘本文 唐婷婷 +5 位作者 李彦锦 江磊 陈雁 覃瑞 刘虹 李刚 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2013年第9期1228-1231,1270,共5页
[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the genetic relationship of the Carthamus tinctorius L(safflower) varieties in Xinjiang, and thus to provide a scientific basis for its protection and development. [Method] Th... [Objective] This study aimed to analyze the genetic relationship of the Carthamus tinctorius L(safflower) varieties in Xinjiang, and thus to provide a scientific basis for its protection and development. [Method] The genomic DNA of five safflower varieties from Xinjiang and one from Yunnan were analyzed and compared by SRAP molecular marker. [Result] Twelve pairs of SRAP primers were selected to amplify the genomic DNA of the six materials. Among the 171 clear DNA bands finally obtained, 93 were polymorphic, accounting for 54.4% of total. Genetic similarity coefficient of the six safflower varieties ranged from 0.60 to 0.92. [Conclusion]SRAP molecular marker is suitable for safflower varieties research and to guide the molecular breeding. 展开更多
关键词 Carthamus tinctorius L(safflower) Genetic relationship SRAP Cluster analysis
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Total synthesis of rodgersinine A and B
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作者 苗强 谢新刚 +2 位作者 张基勇 厍学功 潘鑫复 《Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences》 CAS 2007年第1期41-42,共2页
Aim Syntheses of benzodioxane neolignans. Method The SN2 reaction and Corey-Fuchs reaction was used to synthesize Rodgersinine A, 4-[3-methyl-7-[(E)-1-propenyl-2, 3-dihydro-1, 4-benzodioxin-2-yl]-l, 2-benzenediol (... Aim Syntheses of benzodioxane neolignans. Method The SN2 reaction and Corey-Fuchs reaction was used to synthesize Rodgersinine A, 4-[3-methyl-7-[(E)-1-propenyl-2, 3-dihydro-1, 4-benzodioxin-2-yl]-l, 2-benzenediol (1) and Rodgersinine B, 4- [3-methyl- 7-(1-propynyl)-2, 3-dihydro- 1, 4-benzodioxin-2-yl]-0, 2-benzenediol (2). Results Total synthesis ofRodgersinine A and B was first completed. Conclusion A useful method for constructing benzodioxane neolignans by the SN2 reaction is achieved. 展开更多
关键词 Corey-Fuchs reaction Closed ring by acid SN2 reaction Acetylenic functionality
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The "Mother Complex" of Martha Quest 被引量:1
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作者 Rukhsana Rahim Chowdhury 《Journal of Literature and Art Studies》 2014年第10期810-816,共7页
Human experience can best be understood in the framework of collective social relations. Like any other tie, the mother-daughter relationship is forged not in isolation but informed by cultural, historical, and social... Human experience can best be understood in the framework of collective social relations. Like any other tie, the mother-daughter relationship is forged not in isolation but informed by cultural, historical, and social values, circumstances, and practices. The twentieth century has witnessed the greatest changes in world history. As an outcome of the noticeable shift in gender ideologies in the last half of that century, modern mothers and daughters struggled to experience a union, a bond, an understanding of themselves and the world around them. Clash of tradition and modernity in ideals and mores can be held accountable for the consequential neurotic development of the psyche in twentieth century mothers and daughters. Doris Lessing's writings reflect the way in which these complex changes in society affect family relationships. Her first novel of the Children of Violence series, Martha Quest, is an apt study of a mother and her daughter's struggle with their newly defined roles in society. This paper will seek to examine the conflicts that are encountered in the wake of such adjustments by contemporary mothers and daughters. In order to do so, the study will focus on an exploration of the kind of issues that Martha Quest and May Quest experience in Lessing's Martha Quest through approaches available in works by Carl Jung on his theory of the "mother complex". 展开更多
关键词 gender roles "mother complex" RESISTANCE psychic dilemmas Matrophobia MOTHERHOOD
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The Genetic Relationship of Two New Colorful Sweet Osmanthus fragrans Cultivars Revealed by AFLP and SSR Markers 被引量:1
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作者 CHEN Ya-ling LUO Yong-song TAO Xiu-hua 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2019年第4期40-48,共9页
Osmanthus fragrans is well-known as an ornamental and agricultural plant noted for its unique fragrance.We investigated the genetic relationships between two new colorful O.fragrans cultivars,Ziyan Gongzhu and Qiannan... Osmanthus fragrans is well-known as an ornamental and agricultural plant noted for its unique fragrance.We investigated the genetic relationships between two new colorful O.fragrans cultivars,Ziyan Gongzhu and Qiannan Guifei,and their relationships with other O.fragrans using amplified fragment length polymorphism(AFLP)and simple sequence repeat(SSR),compared to the Changye Muxi species.55 AFLP primer pairs and 17 SSRs were screened;1103 and 45 amplification products were produced,of which 92.29%of the AFLP and 62.20%of the SSRs were polymorphic.At the population level,the number of effective alleles varied from 0.76 to 1.11,and the Shannon index(I)ranged from 0 to 0.11,indicating a narrow genetic base of O.fragrans cultivars.The genetic similarity varied from 0.61 to 0.80 between Ziyan Gongzhu and other O.fragrans cultivars,and 0.57 to 0.67 in the Qiannan Guifei and other cultivars.The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean(UPGMA)clustering revealed that Ziyan Gongzhu may belong to the O.fragrans Albus group.However,the Qiannan Guifei cultivar was clustered into a group,showing that it has great genetic variation.These results provide new molecular evidence for germplasm resources protection,and new cultivars for breeding. 展开更多
关键词 Osmanthus fragrans AFLP markers SSR markers Genetic relationship POLYMORPHISM
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