The necessity and the feasibility of introducing attribute weight into digital fingerprinting system are given. The weighted algorithm for fingerprinting relational databases of traitor tracing is proposed. Higher wei...The necessity and the feasibility of introducing attribute weight into digital fingerprinting system are given. The weighted algorithm for fingerprinting relational databases of traitor tracing is proposed. Higher weights are assigned to more significant attributes, so important attributes are more frequently fingerprinted than other ones. Finally, the robustness of the proposed algorithm, such as performance against collusion attacks, is analyzed. Experimental results prove the superiority of the algorithm.展开更多
Novel 2×2 torsion-mirror optical switch arrays are fabricated by using the mixed micromachining based on the surface and bulk silicon microelectronics,then are investigated electromechanically in applied direct a...Novel 2×2 torsion-mirror optical switch arrays are fabricated by using the mixed micromachining based on the surface and bulk silicon microelectronics,then are investigated electromechanically in applied direct and alternating electric fields.When the thickness of the elastic torsion beams suspending the aluminum coated polysilicon micro-mirrors of the switches in the arrays is about 1μm,the electrostatic yielding voltages for driving the mirrors to achieve their ON-state are in the range of 270~290V,and the minimum holding voltages for mirrors ON-state are found as 55V or so.Theoretical analysis manifests that the yielding voltage is more sensitive to beam thickness than other design parameters do about the torsion-mirror switch structures.The lifetime can reach 10 8 times.The estimated shortest switching time of the switches at least lasts for less than 2ms.The force analysis on the two kinds of new fiber self-holding structures integrated monolithically in the chip of the optical switch arrays indicates that the structures can feature self-fixing and self-aligning of optical fibers.展开更多
When an extremely thick rock bed exists above a protected coal seam in the bending zone given the condition of a mining protective seam, this extremely thick rock bed controls the movement of the entire overlying stra...When an extremely thick rock bed exists above a protected coal seam in the bending zone given the condition of a mining protective seam, this extremely thick rock bed controls the movement of the entire overlying stratum. This extremely thick rock bed, called a "main key stratum", will not subside nor break for a long time, causing lower fractures and bed separations not to close and gas can migrate to the bed separation areas along the fractures. These bed separations become gas enrichment areas. By analyzing the rule of fracture evolution and gas migration under the main key stratum after the deep protective coal seam has been mined, we propose a new gas drainage method which uses bore holes, drilled through rock and coal seams at great depths for draining pressure relief gas. In this method, the bores are located at a high level suction roadway (we can also drill them in the drilling field located high in an air gateway). Given the practice in the Haizi mine, the gas drainage rate can reach 73% in the middie coal group, with a gas drainage radius over 100 m.展开更多
Gastric perforation is one of the most serious complications that can occur during endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD).In terms of the treatment of such perforations,we previously reported that perforations immediat...Gastric perforation is one of the most serious complications that can occur during endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD).In terms of the treatment of such perforations,we previously reported that perforations immediately observed and successfully closed with endoclips during endoscopic resection could be managed conservatively.We now report the first case in our medical facility of a gastric perforation during ESD that was ineffectively treated conservatively even after successful endoscopic closure.In December 2006,we performed ESD on a recurrent early gastric cancer in an 81-year-old man with a medical history of laparotomy for cholelithiasis.A perforation occurred during ESD that was immediately observed and successfully closed with endoclips so that ESD could be continued resulting in an en-bloc resection.Intensive conservative management was conducted following ESD,however,an endoscopic examination five days after ESD revealed dehiscence of the perforation requiring an emergency laparotomy.展开更多
On the basis of the reaction rules and its influencing factors of sulfur compounds in MIP naphtha, a correlation model for describing the correlation between mass fraction of sulfur in MIP naphtha, mass fraction of su...On the basis of the reaction rules and its influencing factors of sulfur compounds in MIP naphtha, a correlation model for describing the correlation between mass fraction of sulfur in MIP naphtha, mass fraction of sulfur in feedstock and volume fraction of olefin in naphtha was developed and the model's parameters were estimated. The residual error distribution and statistical study showed that the developed model was reasonable and reliable and able to predict the mass fraction of sulfur compounds in naphtha. The correlation model can provide theoretical guidance and operation base for adjusting process parameters to produce EURO IV gasoline by the MIP units. The model was validated by its application on the MIP unit of Qingdao Refining & Chemical Company. On this unit, the tail oil with low sulfur content obtained via hydrotreating gas oil was used as the feedstock and the olefin content of naphtha was reduced by promoting hydrogen transfer reaction through adjustment of process parameters. Thus, EURO IV clean gasoline was manufactured by this MIP unit.展开更多
The voice of calling for humanistic concern is always from uncountable doctor-patient conflicts, from which we often hear a doctor is killed or injured for disputes. Prejudice has been rooted in mind that all doctors ...The voice of calling for humanistic concern is always from uncountable doctor-patient conflicts, from which we often hear a doctor is killed or injured for disputes. Prejudice has been rooted in mind that all doctors and nurses are interest-centered and cold-blooded. To some extent, it's true that patterned questions with a poker face are always more than gentle words with warm smile. Nurses are the ones who keep patients company for the longest time. Therefore, caring matters more for them. The explicit concept of "caring" will be introduced and we will attach great importance to how nurses can achieve caring. From the following aspects:the practices of loving kindness, the instillation of faith and hope, sensitivity to indicators of disease, improvem ent of healing environment, communication arts etc, you will understand why nurse is the symbol of angel. We can begin with caring about people around us. Our duty is not only to deal the ill but to warm the chill.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the effect of age on severity of acute pancreatitis(AP) using biochemical markers,histology and expression of the protective pancreatitisassociated proteins(PAPs).METHODS:AP was induced via intraduc...AIM:To investigate the effect of age on severity of acute pancreatitis(AP) using biochemical markers,histology and expression of the protective pancreatitisassociated proteins(PAPs).METHODS:AP was induced via intraductal injection of 4% sodium taurocholate in young and old rats.Sera and pancreata were assayed at 24 h for the parameters listed above;we also employed a novel molecular technique to assess bacterial infiltration using polymerase chain reaction to measure bacterial genomic ribosomal RNA.RESULTS:At 24 h after induction of AP,the pancreata of older animals had less edema(mean ± SE histologic score of young vs old:3.11 ± 0.16 vs 2.50 ±-0.11,P < 0.05),decreased local inflammatory response(histologic score of stromal infiltrate:3.11 ± 0.27 vs 2.00 ± 0.17,P < 0.05) and increased bacterial infiltration(174% ± 52% increase from sham vs 377% ± 4%,P < 0.05).A decreased expression of PAP1 and PAP2 was demonstrated by Western blotting analysis and immunohistochemical staining.There were no differences in serum amylase and lipase activity,or tissue myeloperoxidase or monocyte chemotactic protein-1 levels.However,in the most-aged group,serum C-reactive protein levels were higher(young vs old:0.249 ± 0.04 mg/dL vs 2.45 ± 0.68 mg/dL,P < 0.05).CONCLUSION:In older animals,there is depressed PAP expression related to a blunted inflammatory response in AP which is associated with worsened bacterial infiltration and higher C-reactive protein level;this may explain the more aggressive clinical course.展开更多
Resilient Packet Ring (RPR) is a Media Access Control (MAC) layer protocol that operates over a double counter-rotating ring network topology. RPR is designed to enhance Synchronous Digital Hierarchy(SDH) in order to ...Resilient Packet Ring (RPR) is a Media Access Control (MAC) layer protocol that operates over a double counter-rotating ring network topology. RPR is designed to enhance Synchronous Digital Hierarchy(SDH) in order to handle data traffic more efficiently. Since Intelligent Protection Switching(IPS) is one of the key technologies in ring networks, RPR provides two intelligent protection algorithms: steering and wrapping. While wrapping in RPR in essence inherits the automatic protection switching(APS) algorithm of SDH, it also wastes the bandwidth on the wrapping ringlets and may result in severe congestion. Whereas steering in RPR provides high bandwidth utilization, its switching speed is low, because it is indeed a high layer's restoration algorithm. In this paper, integrated self-healing(ISH) algorithm as an effective algorithm for RPR is proposed, which synthesizes the merits of the two algorithms by transporting healing signal and computing routing in MAC layer. At last, the performance of ISH algorithm is analyzed and simulated.展开更多
Objective: To identify the relationship between T-2 toxin and Kashin-Beck disease (KBD),the effects of T-2 toxin on aggrecan metabolism in human chondrocytes and cartilage were investigated in vitro. Methods: Chondroc...Objective: To identify the relationship between T-2 toxin and Kashin-Beck disease (KBD),the effects of T-2 toxin on aggrecan metabolism in human chondrocytes and cartilage were investigated in vitro. Methods: Chondrocytes were isolated from human articular cartilage and cultured in vitro. Hyaluronic acid (HA),soluble CD44 (sCD44),IL-1β and TNF-α levels in super-natants were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). CD44 content in chondrocyte membrane was deter-mined by flow cytometry (FCM). CD44,hyaluronic acid synthetase-2 (HAS-2) and aggrecanases mRNA levels in chondrocytes were determined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Immunocytochemical method was used to investigate expressions of BC-13,3-B-3(-) and 2-B-6 epitopes in the cartilage reconstructed in vitro. Results: T-2 toxin inhibited CD44,HAS-2,and aggrecan mRNA expressions,but promoted aggrecanase-2 mRNA expression. Meanwhile,CD44 expression was found to be the lowest in the chondrocytes cultured with T-2 toxin and the highest in control plus selenium group. In addition,ELISA results indicated that there were higher sCD44,IL-1β and TNF-α levels in T-2 toxin group. Similarly,higher HA levels were also observed in T-2 toxin group using radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA). Furthermore,using monoclonal antibodies BC-13,3-B-3 and 2-B-6,strong positive immunostaining was found in the reconstructed cartilage cultured with T-2 toxin,whereas no positive staining or very weak staining was observed in the cartilage cultured without T-2 toxin. Selenium could partly inhibit the effects of T-2 toxin above. Conclusion: T-2 toxin could inhibit aggrecan synthesis,promote aggrecanases and pro-inflammatory cytokines production,and consequently induce aggrecan degradation in chondrocytes. These will perturb metabolism balance between aggrecan synthesis and degradation in cartilage,inducing aggrecan loss in the end,which may be the initiation of the cartilage degradation.展开更多
The onset of construction and personnel transfers to the islands of Guam and Tinian present a case study in which peacetime military operations threaten conservation of environmental resources. The planning process in...The onset of construction and personnel transfers to the islands of Guam and Tinian present a case study in which peacetime military operations threaten conservation of environmental resources. The planning process indicates land conversion, increased population, and invasive species arriving in the midst of increased imports are among the major impending threats, especially to terrestrial biological resources. We discuss historical events that have marginalized the contributions of local stakeholders, mistake-ridden planning processes revealing inadequate efforts to safeguard the environment, and compelling evidence that predicts a trajectory targeting imminent damage of terrestrial resources. We contend these developments present a case study within the ecological ethics discipline whereby peacetime military operations push conservation of the environment to the sidelines in the name of national defense. We conclude that conservation of environmental resources is not ancillary to national security, it is integral. Wartime military damage to natural resources is unavoidable, therefore, peacetime military operations should embrace conservation priorities to a greater degree.展开更多
Genetic relationship of 12 species of Section Strobus was analyzed with ISSR markers. 117 loci were detected with 12 ISSR primers. Percentage of polymorphic bands (PPB) varied from 5.93% to 19.92%. P. pumila had the...Genetic relationship of 12 species of Section Strobus was analyzed with ISSR markers. 117 loci were detected with 12 ISSR primers. Percentage of polymorphic bands (PPB) varied from 5.93% to 19.92%. P. pumila had the highest levels of genetic differentiation and P. flexilis had lowest. Total genetic diversity (Hr) of 12 species in Section Strobus was 26.21%, of which intraspecific genetic diversity (Hs) was 7.66%, and interspecific genetic diversity (DST) was 18.55%, and the genetic variation in interspecies accounted for 70.78% of the total genetic diversity. According to the cluster results of genetic distance, the 12 species were classified into two groups. The first group included P. griffithii, P.armandi, P. fenzeliana, P. kwangtungensis, P. strobus, P. monticola and P. wangii. The second group included P. albicaulis, P pumila, P. flexilis, P. sibirica and P koraiensis.展开更多
The coupling relation exists in water and soil conser-vation and economic-social development. The article analyses the relation of soil and water conservation and economic-social development stages as well as the coup...The coupling relation exists in water and soil conser-vation and economic-social development. The article analyses the relation of soil and water conservation and economic-social development stages as well as the coupling analytical method. Then calculates the expecting income by dispersing Markov decision and calculates the correlation coefficient and the re-lationship degree. The article obtains the relationship of soil and water conservation investments and all kinds of incomes. Finally, it analyzes the important meaning in socio-economic development of water and soil conservation.展开更多
文摘The necessity and the feasibility of introducing attribute weight into digital fingerprinting system are given. The weighted algorithm for fingerprinting relational databases of traitor tracing is proposed. Higher weights are assigned to more significant attributes, so important attributes are more frequently fingerprinted than other ones. Finally, the robustness of the proposed algorithm, such as performance against collusion attacks, is analyzed. Experimental results prove the superiority of the algorithm.
文摘Novel 2×2 torsion-mirror optical switch arrays are fabricated by using the mixed micromachining based on the surface and bulk silicon microelectronics,then are investigated electromechanically in applied direct and alternating electric fields.When the thickness of the elastic torsion beams suspending the aluminum coated polysilicon micro-mirrors of the switches in the arrays is about 1μm,the electrostatic yielding voltages for driving the mirrors to achieve their ON-state are in the range of 270~290V,and the minimum holding voltages for mirrors ON-state are found as 55V or so.Theoretical analysis manifests that the yielding voltage is more sensitive to beam thickness than other design parameters do about the torsion-mirror switch structures.The lifetime can reach 10 8 times.The estimated shortest switching time of the switches at least lasts for less than 2ms.The force analysis on the two kinds of new fiber self-holding structures integrated monolithically in the chip of the optical switch arrays indicates that the structures can feature self-fixing and self-aligning of optical fibers.
基金Projects 2005CB221503 supported by the National Basic Research Program of China70533050 and 50674089 by the National Natural Science Foundation of China2005BA813B-3-06 by the National Tenth 5-Year Key Scientific and Technological Project
文摘When an extremely thick rock bed exists above a protected coal seam in the bending zone given the condition of a mining protective seam, this extremely thick rock bed controls the movement of the entire overlying stratum. This extremely thick rock bed, called a "main key stratum", will not subside nor break for a long time, causing lower fractures and bed separations not to close and gas can migrate to the bed separation areas along the fractures. These bed separations become gas enrichment areas. By analyzing the rule of fracture evolution and gas migration under the main key stratum after the deep protective coal seam has been mined, we propose a new gas drainage method which uses bore holes, drilled through rock and coal seams at great depths for draining pressure relief gas. In this method, the bores are located at a high level suction roadway (we can also drill them in the drilling field located high in an air gateway). Given the practice in the Haizi mine, the gas drainage rate can reach 73% in the middie coal group, with a gas drainage radius over 100 m.
文摘Gastric perforation is one of the most serious complications that can occur during endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD).In terms of the treatment of such perforations,we previously reported that perforations immediately observed and successfully closed with endoclips during endoscopic resection could be managed conservatively.We now report the first case in our medical facility of a gastric perforation during ESD that was ineffectively treated conservatively even after successful endoscopic closure.In December 2006,we performed ESD on a recurrent early gastric cancer in an 81-year-old man with a medical history of laparotomy for cholelithiasis.A perforation occurred during ESD that was immediately observed and successfully closed with endoclips so that ESD could be continued resulting in an en-bloc resection.Intensive conservative management was conducted following ESD,however,an endoscopic examination five days after ESD revealed dehiscence of the perforation requiring an emergency laparotomy.
文摘On the basis of the reaction rules and its influencing factors of sulfur compounds in MIP naphtha, a correlation model for describing the correlation between mass fraction of sulfur in MIP naphtha, mass fraction of sulfur in feedstock and volume fraction of olefin in naphtha was developed and the model's parameters were estimated. The residual error distribution and statistical study showed that the developed model was reasonable and reliable and able to predict the mass fraction of sulfur compounds in naphtha. The correlation model can provide theoretical guidance and operation base for adjusting process parameters to produce EURO IV gasoline by the MIP units. The model was validated by its application on the MIP unit of Qingdao Refining & Chemical Company. On this unit, the tail oil with low sulfur content obtained via hydrotreating gas oil was used as the feedstock and the olefin content of naphtha was reduced by promoting hydrogen transfer reaction through adjustment of process parameters. Thus, EURO IV clean gasoline was manufactured by this MIP unit.
文摘The voice of calling for humanistic concern is always from uncountable doctor-patient conflicts, from which we often hear a doctor is killed or injured for disputes. Prejudice has been rooted in mind that all doctors and nurses are interest-centered and cold-blooded. To some extent, it's true that patterned questions with a poker face are always more than gentle words with warm smile. Nurses are the ones who keep patients company for the longest time. Therefore, caring matters more for them. The explicit concept of "caring" will be introduced and we will attach great importance to how nurses can achieve caring. From the following aspects:the practices of loving kindness, the instillation of faith and hope, sensitivity to indicators of disease, improvem ent of healing environment, communication arts etc, you will understand why nurse is the symbol of angel. We can begin with caring about people around us. Our duty is not only to deal the ill but to warm the chill.
文摘AIM:To investigate the effect of age on severity of acute pancreatitis(AP) using biochemical markers,histology and expression of the protective pancreatitisassociated proteins(PAPs).METHODS:AP was induced via intraductal injection of 4% sodium taurocholate in young and old rats.Sera and pancreata were assayed at 24 h for the parameters listed above;we also employed a novel molecular technique to assess bacterial infiltration using polymerase chain reaction to measure bacterial genomic ribosomal RNA.RESULTS:At 24 h after induction of AP,the pancreata of older animals had less edema(mean ± SE histologic score of young vs old:3.11 ± 0.16 vs 2.50 ±-0.11,P < 0.05),decreased local inflammatory response(histologic score of stromal infiltrate:3.11 ± 0.27 vs 2.00 ± 0.17,P < 0.05) and increased bacterial infiltration(174% ± 52% increase from sham vs 377% ± 4%,P < 0.05).A decreased expression of PAP1 and PAP2 was demonstrated by Western blotting analysis and immunohistochemical staining.There were no differences in serum amylase and lipase activity,or tissue myeloperoxidase or monocyte chemotactic protein-1 levels.However,in the most-aged group,serum C-reactive protein levels were higher(young vs old:0.249 ± 0.04 mg/dL vs 2.45 ± 0.68 mg/dL,P < 0.05).CONCLUSION:In older animals,there is depressed PAP expression related to a blunted inflammatory response in AP which is associated with worsened bacterial infiltration and higher C-reactive protein level;this may explain the more aggressive clinical course.
文摘Resilient Packet Ring (RPR) is a Media Access Control (MAC) layer protocol that operates over a double counter-rotating ring network topology. RPR is designed to enhance Synchronous Digital Hierarchy(SDH) in order to handle data traffic more efficiently. Since Intelligent Protection Switching(IPS) is one of the key technologies in ring networks, RPR provides two intelligent protection algorithms: steering and wrapping. While wrapping in RPR in essence inherits the automatic protection switching(APS) algorithm of SDH, it also wastes the bandwidth on the wrapping ringlets and may result in severe congestion. Whereas steering in RPR provides high bandwidth utilization, its switching speed is low, because it is indeed a high layer's restoration algorithm. In this paper, integrated self-healing(ISH) algorithm as an effective algorithm for RPR is proposed, which synthesizes the merits of the two algorithms by transporting healing signal and computing routing in MAC layer. At last, the performance of ISH algorithm is analyzed and simulated.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 30471499 and 30170831)the Ministry of Education of China (No.Key 03152)the Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province of China (No.2004KW-20)
文摘Objective: To identify the relationship between T-2 toxin and Kashin-Beck disease (KBD),the effects of T-2 toxin on aggrecan metabolism in human chondrocytes and cartilage were investigated in vitro. Methods: Chondrocytes were isolated from human articular cartilage and cultured in vitro. Hyaluronic acid (HA),soluble CD44 (sCD44),IL-1β and TNF-α levels in super-natants were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). CD44 content in chondrocyte membrane was deter-mined by flow cytometry (FCM). CD44,hyaluronic acid synthetase-2 (HAS-2) and aggrecanases mRNA levels in chondrocytes were determined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Immunocytochemical method was used to investigate expressions of BC-13,3-B-3(-) and 2-B-6 epitopes in the cartilage reconstructed in vitro. Results: T-2 toxin inhibited CD44,HAS-2,and aggrecan mRNA expressions,but promoted aggrecanase-2 mRNA expression. Meanwhile,CD44 expression was found to be the lowest in the chondrocytes cultured with T-2 toxin and the highest in control plus selenium group. In addition,ELISA results indicated that there were higher sCD44,IL-1β and TNF-α levels in T-2 toxin group. Similarly,higher HA levels were also observed in T-2 toxin group using radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA). Furthermore,using monoclonal antibodies BC-13,3-B-3 and 2-B-6,strong positive immunostaining was found in the reconstructed cartilage cultured with T-2 toxin,whereas no positive staining or very weak staining was observed in the cartilage cultured without T-2 toxin. Selenium could partly inhibit the effects of T-2 toxin above. Conclusion: T-2 toxin could inhibit aggrecan synthesis,promote aggrecanases and pro-inflammatory cytokines production,and consequently induce aggrecan degradation in chondrocytes. These will perturb metabolism balance between aggrecan synthesis and degradation in cartilage,inducing aggrecan loss in the end,which may be the initiation of the cartilage degradation.
文摘The onset of construction and personnel transfers to the islands of Guam and Tinian present a case study in which peacetime military operations threaten conservation of environmental resources. The planning process indicates land conversion, increased population, and invasive species arriving in the midst of increased imports are among the major impending threats, especially to terrestrial biological resources. We discuss historical events that have marginalized the contributions of local stakeholders, mistake-ridden planning processes revealing inadequate efforts to safeguard the environment, and compelling evidence that predicts a trajectory targeting imminent damage of terrestrial resources. We contend these developments present a case study within the ecological ethics discipline whereby peacetime military operations push conservation of the environment to the sidelines in the name of national defense. We conclude that conservation of environmental resources is not ancillary to national security, it is integral. Wartime military damage to natural resources is unavoidable, therefore, peacetime military operations should embrace conservation priorities to a greater degree.
基金The study was supported by Introducing Overseas Ad-vanced Agriculture Science and Technology Program of China (948 Program) (2001-31)
文摘Genetic relationship of 12 species of Section Strobus was analyzed with ISSR markers. 117 loci were detected with 12 ISSR primers. Percentage of polymorphic bands (PPB) varied from 5.93% to 19.92%. P. pumila had the highest levels of genetic differentiation and P. flexilis had lowest. Total genetic diversity (Hr) of 12 species in Section Strobus was 26.21%, of which intraspecific genetic diversity (Hs) was 7.66%, and interspecific genetic diversity (DST) was 18.55%, and the genetic variation in interspecies accounted for 70.78% of the total genetic diversity. According to the cluster results of genetic distance, the 12 species were classified into two groups. The first group included P. griffithii, P.armandi, P. fenzeliana, P. kwangtungensis, P. strobus, P. monticola and P. wangii. The second group included P. albicaulis, P pumila, P. flexilis, P. sibirica and P koraiensis.
文摘The coupling relation exists in water and soil conser-vation and economic-social development. The article analyses the relation of soil and water conservation and economic-social development stages as well as the coupling analytical method. Then calculates the expecting income by dispersing Markov decision and calculates the correlation coefficient and the re-lationship degree. The article obtains the relationship of soil and water conservation investments and all kinds of incomes. Finally, it analyzes the important meaning in socio-economic development of water and soil conservation.