传统高压直流输电系统逆变侧发生交流故障时,换流阀晶闸管的关断特性会随正向电流、电流过零点下降率和结温等外部条件的改变而动态变化,而现有研究多将晶闸管视为理想器件或仅保留一定的关断裕度,很可能会导致换相失败判别结果不准确...传统高压直流输电系统逆变侧发生交流故障时,换流阀晶闸管的关断特性会随正向电流、电流过零点下降率和结温等外部条件的改变而动态变化,而现有研究多将晶闸管视为理想器件或仅保留一定的关断裕度,很可能会导致换相失败判别结果不准确等问题。为掌握晶闸管关断特性的动态变化对换相失败评估准确性的影响,首先从理论上分析晶闸管关断特性影响换相过程的机理;然后考虑多维因素综合作用下的晶闸管关断特性,提出并建立换流阀动态关断模型,通过与SABER中晶闸管详细物理模型对比验证关断模型的正确性;最后在PSCAD/EMTDC中分别对比采用换流阀动态关断模型和采用传统模型的基于电网换相换流器的高压直流输电(line commutated converter based high voltage direct current,LCC-HVDC)在单相和三相故障情况下的换相失败判别结果。结果表明,采用传统模型可能会在未发生换相失败时判断为已发生换相失败,对系统提出更高的关断要求,还可能会导致换相失败发生时刻判断不准确的问题;采用所提出的换流阀动态关断模型,能够使换相失败的判别结果更加准确。展开更多
This paper is mainly based on the relationship between the fractures and adjourned the brand perspective, it chooses classic domestics Pehchaolin skin care brand for study. On the basis of the relevant theoretical lit...This paper is mainly based on the relationship between the fractures and adjourned the brand perspective, it chooses classic domestics Pehchaolin skin care brand for study. On the basis of the relevant theoretical literature review on the use of empirical analysis methods for the recovery of Pehchaolin brands were analyzed to construct the Pehchaolin brand adjourned intention factors model and validate the model based on the data. Finally, based on the above analysis, some of China＇ s old brand development makes appropriate recommendations and marketing strategies.展开更多
Fault is a complex dynamic system controlled by the coupling of rock texture, reaction, fluid flow,stress, and rock deformation mechanism. A coupled reaction-transport- mechanical dynamic model for fault system is est...Fault is a complex dynamic system controlled by the coupling of rock texture, reaction, fluid flow,stress, and rock deformation mechanism. A coupled reaction-transport- mechanical dynamic model for fault system is established and described in this paper. An example is presented for the Shuikoushan deposit, Hunan. The results of dynamic simulation indicate that the evolution and magnitude of fracture permeability of different rocks are different, and that faulting can enhance the spatial heterogeneity of rock permeability and facilitate fluid flow and mineralization in local fault zone. The pressure for a fault usually shows a variation mode of aperiodic oscillation with time, which reflects the chaotic behavior of the evolution of a fault.展开更多
文摘传统高压直流输电系统逆变侧发生交流故障时,换流阀晶闸管的关断特性会随正向电流、电流过零点下降率和结温等外部条件的改变而动态变化,而现有研究多将晶闸管视为理想器件或仅保留一定的关断裕度,很可能会导致换相失败判别结果不准确等问题。为掌握晶闸管关断特性的动态变化对换相失败评估准确性的影响,首先从理论上分析晶闸管关断特性影响换相过程的机理;然后考虑多维因素综合作用下的晶闸管关断特性,提出并建立换流阀动态关断模型,通过与SABER中晶闸管详细物理模型对比验证关断模型的正确性;最后在PSCAD/EMTDC中分别对比采用换流阀动态关断模型和采用传统模型的基于电网换相换流器的高压直流输电(line commutated converter based high voltage direct current,LCC-HVDC)在单相和三相故障情况下的换相失败判别结果。结果表明,采用传统模型可能会在未发生换相失败时判断为已发生换相失败,对系统提出更高的关断要求,还可能会导致换相失败发生时刻判断不准确的问题;采用所提出的换流阀动态关断模型,能够使换相失败的判别结果更加准确。
文摘This paper is mainly based on the relationship between the fractures and adjourned the brand perspective, it chooses classic domestics Pehchaolin skin care brand for study. On the basis of the relevant theoretical literature review on the use of empirical analysis methods for the recovery of Pehchaolin brands were analyzed to construct the Pehchaolin brand adjourned intention factors model and validate the model based on the data. Finally, based on the above analysis, some of China＇ s old brand development makes appropriate recommendations and marketing strategies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Gramt No.70171057 and No.49702024)a Key Project of the Ninth Five-Year Plan of the Chinese Academof Sciences(Grant No.KZ952-S1-402).
文摘Fault is a complex dynamic system controlled by the coupling of rock texture, reaction, fluid flow,stress, and rock deformation mechanism. A coupled reaction-transport- mechanical dynamic model for fault system is established and described in this paper. An example is presented for the Shuikoushan deposit, Hunan. The results of dynamic simulation indicate that the evolution and magnitude of fracture permeability of different rocks are different, and that faulting can enhance the spatial heterogeneity of rock permeability and facilitate fluid flow and mineralization in local fault zone. The pressure for a fault usually shows a variation mode of aperiodic oscillation with time, which reflects the chaotic behavior of the evolution of a fault.
