算计性依赖、关系性依赖和供应商创新能力的关系研究

本文以资源依赖理论为基础,首次从交易和关系双重角度将供应商对顾客的依赖区分为算计性依赖和关系性依赖,探讨供应商依赖对其创新能力的直接影响,并在此基础上验证了技术不确定性和需求不确定性对二者关系的调节作用。结果表明,算计性依赖和关系性依赖都有助于促进供应商创新能力的提高,但二者发挥作用的边界条件却存在着显著差异:技术不确定性在算计性依赖与供应商创新能力之间起着正向调节作用,但在关系性依赖与供应商创新能力之间则起着负向调节作用。与此相反,需求不确定性在关系性依赖与供应商创新能力之间发挥着正向调节作用,而在算计性依赖与供应商创新能力之间却发挥着负向调节作用。

政治行为对创业成长的作用机理——基于算计性依赖和关系性依赖双重中介效应的研究

中国情境下的企业—政府依赖关系一直是企业研究领域的焦点主题,但鲜有研究从创业领域展开。以资源依赖理论为基础,本文构建了创业企业政治行为对创业成长的理论模型,从交易和关系双重角度将创业企业对政府的依赖划分为算计性依赖和关系性依赖,剖析其作用机理,并在此基础上验证了创业环境动态性的调节作用。基于193家创业企业的量化数据分析结果表明,创业企业政治行为有助于促进创业成长,算计性依赖和关系性依赖在此过程中起中介作用,创业环境动态性在两种依赖关系与创业成长之间均起正向调节作用。

从事件概念看曼德尔鲍姆的历史客观性思想

曼德尔鲍姆的事件概念囊括了其历史客观性的全部内涵。但是这个关键概念却来自于科学,它表示由统一性和连续性渗透的持续存在物,这一点体现为存在性依赖关系。存在性依赖关系表示事件间固有的因果联系,因此具有客观性;而事件可以表示一切发生的事实,因此具有普遍性。历史事件是诸多事件种类中的一种,因此同样具有了客观性。对事件概念的分析有助于理解曼德尔鲍姆的历史知识客观性,这种客观性的本质在于对历史事件及其实际结构作出描述性分析,也帮助我们了解分析历史哲学带有的科学特色。

Quantum theory on protein folding

The conformational change of biological macromolecule is investigated from the point of quantum transition.A quantum theory on protein folding is proposed.Compared with other dynamical variables such as mobile electrons,chemical bonds and stretching-bending vibrations the molecular torsion has the lowest energy and can be looked as the slow variable of the system.Simultaneously,from the multi-minima property of torsion potential the local conformational states are well defined.Following the idea that the slow variables slave the fast ones and using the nonadiabaticity operator method we deduce the Hamiltonian describing conformational change.It is shown that the influence of fast variables on the macromolecule can fully be taken into account through a phase transformation of slow variable wave function.Starting from the conformation-transition Hamiltonian the nonradiative matrix element was calculated and a general formulas for protein folding rate was deduced.The analytical form of the formula was utilized to study the temperature dependence of protein folding rate and the curious non-Arrhenius temperature relation was interpreted.By using temperature dependence data the multi-torsion correlation was studied.The decoherence time of quantum torsion state is estimated.The proposed folding rate formula gives a unifying approach for the study of a large class problems of biological conformational change.

Local Governments＇ Fiscal Pressure and the Dependence on Polluting Industries in China

Using a large, unique county-level panel dataset for China from 1998 to 2006, this paper investigates the relationship between local governments ＇fiscal pressure and their preference for developing polluting industries. The results show that there exist fiscal pressure effects; namely, a positive link between the fiscal pressure faced by a county and its industrial tax dependence on polluting industries. We also investigate the heterogeneity of the fiscal pressure effects and find that fiscal pressure effects are significant only when local fiscal pressure is sufficiently high up to a certain point, and when there are more earmarked transfers. In contrast to the situation in east China, fiscal pressure effects in central and west China are more pronounced Therefore, when dealing with environmental problems, policy-makers need to take local governments＇ fiscal conditions into account.