中国昆虫区系成分构成及分布特点

为了从总体土明确中国昆虫的区系成分构成及其分布特徵，以10目109科的20，330有效种昆虫作为大样本，封其区系成分构成及分布特徵进行了分析。结果显示：4种区系成分中，东亚成分是中国昆虫的主体，有11，529种，占56．71％；东洋成分5，270种，占25％左右；古北成分2，982种，占14．67％；广布成分346种，不足2％。其分布特徵分别是：广布种类均匀而广泛地分布于全国各省区，各省区的总相似性系数为0．453，接近0．5的显着水平；古北种类和东洋种类分别和地理纬度有显着的正相关和负相关关系；东亚成分中的中日种类有1，420种，各省区从东向西逐渐减少，其占本省区种类的比例和地理经度成显着正相关；中国特有种类10，109种，主要分布在沿古北、东洋两界分界线的省区、华中区各省和台湾省，对其进行的多元相似性聚类分析显示出中国昆虫地理区划的基本框架。关键区系分析表明优先保护顺序是云南、台湾、四川、新疆、西藏、海南、河南、黑龙江等。因此今後对东亚成分，特别是中国特有种类应给与更多的关注，过去的多数研究中，将它们分别划为东洋种类、古北种类和广布种类，显然是不合适的．

医院医疗器械管理中存在的问题及对策分析

随着国家经济水平的持续提高,医院也取得长远发展。针对医院来说,除了注重现代化医疗仪器的更新换代以外,也要高度注重医疗器械的保管。当前,医院在实行医疗器械保管方面还有许多问题急需解决,由此就必须对管理过程常见的不足进行深度探究,及时提出解决策略。文章就医疗器械保管过程常见的不足和策略进行详细分析。

中国夜蛾科昆虫的物种多样性及分布格局

本文在收集整理中国夜蛾全部种类名录和分布资料的数据库基础上,对其分布格局进行了分析。结果表明:中国夜蛾共有20个亚科845个有效属3751个有效种,占世界种类的13.66%,其中1734种模式产地在中国。这些种类主要归属4种区系成分,其中东亚成分占优势,占总数的51.35%,东洋成分占25.51%,古北成分占18.45%,广布成分仅2.26%。夜蛾在全国七个动物地理区中的分布,是不同类群不同分布特点的复合体,84种广布种分布广泛而均匀,七区之间的多元相似性系数达显著水平。957种东洋种类和692种古北种类随纬度呈阶梯状分布,各区间无显著相似性。1926种东亚种类中,南中国型1363种,分别较为孤立地分布在华南、华中、西南三区,各区之间联系微弱;北中国型290种,零星分散地分布在东北、蒙新、华北、青藏四区;中中国型273种遍布全国,但主要分布在我国中部的华北、华中、西南、青藏四区,以跨界分布为特点,四区之间具有显著的多元相似性。特有种的简约性分析结果表明,特有分布区的分布和划分基本和中国动物地理区划相一致,但台湾和华中区关系密切。关键区系分析显示,台湾、云南、新疆、西藏等11个省区包含了中国夜蛾物种的90%,是物种保护的优先区域。

甘肃省兰科植物物种多样性保护优先地区判定

生物多样性保护优先地区量化判定是区域生物多样性评价研究的热点之一。以甘肃省11个主要天然林区作为优先保护区判定的基本地理单元,以兰科植物的区系丰富度、特有性和等级性作为评价指标,运用区系互补性原理确定最低保护区组合及其优先序。结果表明:甘肃省兰科植物物种多样性保护的关键地区为:白龙江下游林区、白龙江中上游林区、小陇山林区、康南林区;最低保护区组合按其优先序依次为:白龙江下游林区、白龙江中上游林区、东祁连山林区。所设计的物种多样性保护优先地区判定方法继承了关键区系分析法和保护优先区域分析法的基本原理,并考虑居群水平的生物多样性保护。

Electronic Structures, DNA-binding, SAR, and Spectral Properties of Ruthenium Methylimidazole Complexes [Ru（MeIm）4L]^2＋（L=iip,tip,2ntz）

Theoretical studies on the electronic and geometric structures, the trend in DNA-binding affinities as well as the the structure-activity relationship （SAR） of a series of water-soluble Ru（II） methylimidazole complexes, i.e. [Ru（Mehn）4iip]^2＋ （1） （MeIm=l-methylimidazole, iip=2-（1H-imidazo-4-group）-lH-imidazo[n,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline）, [Ru（MeIm）4tip]^2＋ （2） （tip=2-（thiophene-2-group）-lH-imidazo[4,5-f] [i,10]phenanthroline）, and [Ru（Melm）42ntz]^2＋ （3） （2ntz=2-（2-nitro-l,3-thiazole-5-group）-lH-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline）, were car- ried out using the density functional theory （DFT）. The electronic structures of these Ru（II） complexes were analyzed on the basis of their geometric structures optimized in aqueous solution, and the trend in the DNA-binding constants （Kb） was reasonably explained. The results show that the replacement of imidazole ligand by thiophene ligand can effectively improve the DNA-binding affinity of the complex. Meanwhile, it was found that introduc- ing the stronger electronegative N atom and NO2 group on terminal loop of intercalative ligand can obviously reduce the complex＇s LUMO and HOMO-LUMO gap energies. Based on these findings, the designed complex [Ru（MeIm）42ntz]^2＋ （3） can be expected to have the greatest Kb value in complexes 1-3. In addition, the structure-activity relationships and antitumor mechanism were also carefully discussed, and the antimetastatic activity of the designed complex 3 was predicted. Finally, the electronic absorption spectra of this series of complexes in aqueous solution were calculated, simulated and assigned using DFT/TDDFT methods as well as conductor-like polarizable continuum model （CPCM）, and were in good agreement with the experimental results.

Research on large-scale cascading failure of power systems using synergistic effect

This paper discusses the primary causes from the point of synergistic effects to improve power system vulnerability in the power system planning and safety operation. Based on the vulnerability conception in the complex network theory the vulnerability of the power system can be evaluated by the minimum load loss rate when considering power supply ability.Consequently according to the synergistic effect theory the critical line of the power system is defined by its influence on failure set vulnerability in N-k contingencies.The cascading failure modes are proposed based on the criterion whether the acceptable load curtailment level is below a preset value.Significant conclusions are revealed by results of IEEE 39 case analysis weak points of power networks and heavy load condition are the main causes of large-scale cascading failures damaging synergistic effects can result in partial failure developed into large-scale cascading failures vulnerable lines of power systems can directly lead the partial failure to deteriorate into a large blackout while less vulnerable lines can cause a large-scale cascading failure.

短梗霉生产聚苹果酸合成机制研究进展

聚苹果酸是一种可完全生物降解的高分子材料,具有高度水溶性、无免疫原性等优良特性,在生物医药及生物材料领域具有广泛应用前景。文章介绍了微生物法合成聚苹果酸的代谢途径、关键酶系及其代谢调控机制,展望了聚苹果酸合成代谢的研究方向。

An approach for complex activity recognition by key frames

A new method for complex activity recognition in videos by key frames was presented. The progressive bisection strategy(PBS) was employed to divide the complex activity into a series of simple activities and the key frames representing the simple activities were extracted by the self-splitting competitive learning(SSCL) algorithm. A new similarity criterion of complex activities was defined. Besides the regular visual factor, the order factor and the interference factor measuring the timing matching relationship of the simple activities and the discontinuous matching relationship of the simple activities respectively were considered. On these bases, the complex human activity recognition could be achieved by calculating their similarities. The recognition error was reduced compared with other methods when ignoring the recognition of simple activities. The proposed method was tested and evaluated on the self-built broadcast gymnastic database and the dancing database. The experimental results prove the superior efficiency.

Stability analysis of underground surrounding rock mass based on block theory

Evaluation of the performance of existing support in underground tunnels is of great importance for production and interests.Based on field investigation,the shape and number of joints and fractures were investigated in the mining area.Then,the stability of each structural blocks is analyzed by 3D wedge stability analysis software(Unwedge).Moreover,a new analysis method based on critical block theory is applied to analyze the stability of excavated laneways in continuous and discontinuous rock and monitor the stress changes in a fractured tunnel rock mass.The test results indicate that the 3D wedge stability analysis software for underground excavation can evaluate deep tunnel support.Besides,there is no direct relation between the size of the block and the instability of the tunnel.The support method,on large and thick key blocks,needs to be improved.In a broken tunnel section,U-shaped steel support can effectively promote the stress state of the surrounding rock.By monitoring the surrounding rock,it is proven that the vibrating string anchor stress monitoring system is an efficient and real-time method for tunnel stability evaluation.

A Deadlock-Avoidance Dispatching Method for Multiple-Load AGVs Based Transportation System

In recent years,multiple-load automatic guided vehicle(AGV)is increasingly used in the logistics transportation fields,owing to the advantages of smaller fleet size and fewer occurrences of traffic congestion.However,one main challenge lies in the deadlock-avoidance for the dispatching process of a multiple-load AGV system.To prevent the system from falling into a deadlock,a strategy of keeping the number of jobs in the system(NJIS)at a low level is adopted in most existing literatures.It is noteworthy that a low-level NJIS will make the processing machine easier to be starved,thereby reducing the system efficiency unavoidably.The motivation of the paper is to develop a deadlock-avoidance dispatching method for a multiple-load AGV system operating at a high NJIS level.Firstly,the deadlock-avoidance dispatching method is devised by incorporating a deadlock-avoidance strategy into a dispatching procedure that contains four sub-problems.In this strategy,critical tasks are recognized according to the status of workstation buffers,and then temporarily forbidden to avoid potential deadlocks.Secondly,three multiattribute dispatching rules are designed for system efficiency,where both the traveling distance and the buffer status are taken into account.Finally,a simulation system is developed to evaluate the performance of the proposed deadlock-avoidance strategy and dispatching rules at different NJIS levels.The experimental results demonstrate that our deadlock-avoidance dispatching method can improve the system efficiency at a high NJIS level and the adaptability to various system settings,while still avoiding potential deadlocks.

湖南省油茶良种根际微生物区系分析

【目的】为了弄清湖南省油茶主栽良种根际微生物区系特征,筛选出关键差异微生物菌群,为油茶林土壤生物菌肥研发提供参考。【方法】利用高通量测序技术和OTU分析等方法,对湖南省油茶良种‘华硕’(HS)、‘华鑫’(HX)、‘湘林210’(XL210)以及普通油茶(CK)根际土壤微生物多样性及差异进行了分析,同时测定了油茶根际土壤理化性质及酶活性,运用冗余分析方法,探讨土壤因子与根际微生物之间的关系,并进行核心菌群的筛选。【结果】①油茶良种根际微生物数量的排序均为HS>HX>XL210>CK。铁、铜、总有机碳、铵态氮、β-葡萄糖苷酶是影响土壤细菌多样性的主要因子,全钾、电导率、植酸酶是影响土壤真菌多样性的主要因子。②油茶良种与对照存在显著性差异的微生物为Microscillaceae、那提普斯壳科Natipusillaceae、Leotiomycetes。【结论】差异微生物可作为人工合成菌群的核心候选成员,为油茶林土壤生物菌肥的研发奠定了基础。

A software cost model with maintenance and risk costs for safety-critical systems

According to the consequences of software failures, software faults remaining in safety-critical systems can be classified into two sets： common faults and fatal faults. Common faults cause slight loss when they are activated. A fatal fault can lead to significant loss, and even damage the safety-crltical system entirely when it is activated. A software reliability growth model for safety-critical systems is developed based on G - 0 model. And a software cost model is proposed too. The cost model considers maintenance and risk costs due to software failures. The optimal release policies are discussed to minimize the total software cost. A numerical exampie is provided to illustrate how to use the results we obtained.

Public-private partnership project success circumstances

The public-private partnership has been in use in the world for over 40 years, and has been growing at a varying rate and with mixed success in different countries. Based on the experience gained in selected countries, this article shows key success factors of the public-private partnership.

EVOLUTION OF URBAN SYSTEM IN NEW ECONOMIC CIRCUMSTANCES AND PLANNING COUNTERMEASURES

Urban system is the spatial reflection of the inner-deep social economic movement. New economic circumstances not only make the evolution of urban system present one brand-new landscape, but also put forward a new subject for planning of urban system. This article analyzes the properties of the traditional economic process and its essential effect on urban system; it makes a complete survey on the properties of new economic circumstances and its effect on re-forming of urban system; the complicated influential process and result are concluded into the aspects, such as new growth motive force, new economic organization, new location factor and new spatial phenomenon, and its inner effect mechanism in shown as well. In this article, the change process of urban system space is explained in four aspects: (1) dissimulation in the process of spatial agglomeration and diffusion; (2) change of “center-periphery” effect; (3) acceleration growth of axial regions; (4) re-forming of the world and regional urban system. Based on the above theoretical analysis and the properties & requests of new economic circumstances, this article finally puts forward four philosophies emphasized by urban system planning, and forms the new frame for drawing-up of urban system planning.

基于NX的龙门加工中心船用柴油机机体仿真加工技术研究

在NX环境下搭建大型龙门加工中心虚拟仿真平台,定义各机床组件模型运动关系,利用TCL语言制作机床附件后处理,并生成G代码用于驱动机床组件相对运动,模拟机床不同附件相对运动时的空间位置关系。在仿真环境下进行机床附件干涉检测、优化刀具补偿,模拟船用柴油机机体关键孔系的加工仿真。该技术通过了生产现场的综合验证,可有效降低加工成本,提高机床加工效率。

Printed elliptical slot UWB antenna for dual-banded application

Based on the analysis of printed elliptical slot (PES) UWB antenna,a dual-banded PES antenna is designed for WLAN and UWB bands at 2.4 GHz.The design cooperates two important wireless commutation system antennas into one printed antenna.In the design,a circular slot structure is presented,which is suitable for the band ejection.Characteristics of the designed antenna are analyzed and key parameters,such as S11,S21 and VSWR are measured.E-field distribution of the surface is simulated and analyzed.

Research on the key technology of mobile ERP

A new business management mode-agile & convenient management mode (ACM) was proposed because of large scale mobile computing and mobile business. As an efficient approach to ACM, Mobile ERP (MERP), including its concept and four-tier architecture was introduced firstly. Then, the two key technologies of implementing MERP about message service and wireless WAP service were developed. Meanwhile, an official MERP system was also implemented based on our CERP software system by aglets. And it was applied by Henan Tongli Cement Group in China. In comparison with the traditional ERP system, the new system could improve the efficiency and level of management, and reduce the management cost of enterprise.

Critical Success Factors for Executive Information Systems： A Case of Kenyan Organizations

In recent years, a number of organisations have implemented Executive Information Systems （EIS） including Computer-Based Information Systems （CBIS） in order to improve the performance of their executives＇ jobs though the majority of executives are unwilling to use EIS applications because of their design defects. Present researches on Executive Information Systems （EIS） are limited and less focused on the factors associated with EIS successful usage. This research adopts an extension of the Technology Acceptance Model （TAM） to derive useful variables to address the problem of the low usage of EIS by executives due to social factors, habits and facilitation conditions variables in Triandis＇ Framework. It reports on the adoption and usage of EIS by the executives in Organizations. The results show that experience in EIS usage was high with most respondents having used EIS for between 0 to 4 years （72.41%）, followed by the 5-9 years group with 25.86%. However, in terms of ability to use EIS, most executives were at the expert （knowledgeable）, casual user with 37.93%, followed by novice frequent user group with 31.03%. From this research, the authors propose a model that incorporates the habits, social factors and facilitating conditions in an Executive Information Systems.

Research on the Strategy of Underwater United Detection Fusion and Communication Using Multi-sensor

In order to solve the distributed detection fusion problem of underwater target detection, when the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the acoustic channel is low, a new strategy for united detection fusion and communication using multiple sensors was proposed. The performance of detection fusion was studied and compared based on the Neyman-Pearson principle when the binary phase shift keying (BPSK) and on-off keying (OOK) modes were used by the local sensors. The comparative simulation and analysis between the optimal likelihood ratio test and the proposed strategy was completed, and both the theoretical analysis and simulation indicate that using the proposed new strategy could improve the detection performance effectively. In theory, the proposed strategy of united detection fusion and communication is of great significance to the establishment of an underwater target detection system.

植物苯丙烷代谢及其对重金属胁迫的响应研究进展

苯丙烷代谢途径是植物中最重要的次生代谢途径之一,在植物抵抗重金属胁迫中直接或间接发挥了抗氧化作用,并能够提高植物对重金属离子的吸收与胁迫耐性。本文就苯丙烷代谢途径核心反应与关键酶系进行了总结,同时分析了木质素、类黄酮及原花青素等关键代谢产物的生物合成过程及相关机制,并以此为基础探讨了苯丙烷代谢途径关键产物响应重金属胁迫的相关机制。此外,结合当前研究现状,就苯丙烷代谢参与植物防御重金属胁迫的相关研究提出展望,以期为重金属污染环境的植物修复提供理论依据。