本文只带着一个简单的目的:说明若要理解社会工作知识,就要回到实践,回到历史。本文希望再次理解一下“社会”这个词语的历史意义,然后检视这种“社会”的真义又是否能够帮助勾画出社会工作的工作范围及权责。本文指出,“社会”存在于...本文只带着一个简单的目的:说明若要理解社会工作知识,就要回到实践,回到历史。本文希望再次理解一下“社会”这个词语的历史意义,然后检视这种“社会”的真义又是否能够帮助勾画出社会工作的工作范围及权责。本文指出,“社会”存在于“国家”与“国人”之间、“公共”与“私人”之间,它有自身运作的逻辑及法则。这个历史发展,可称为“社会的发明”(the invention of the social)。社会工作本质存在着两种取向:“关顾”(care)及“管控”(control)。这两种取向互相矛盾,却又无法回避。社会工作者是通过一种“非官方形态”(informality)(或非正式性)与案主或受助人建立关系。社会工作者进入案主的日常生活中,希望通过建立一种“关顾”(care)的关系,以得到案主的信任,令案主接受社会工作者的意见。社会工作者在处理介入时,亦以“商议”(negotiation)作为重要手段。为加强社会工作的客观性及合法性,科学为本的“治愈”(cure)功能却成为主调,社会工作学者大量引用社会科学知识帮助社会工作塑造专业形象。自20世纪80年代开始,社会工作的“治愈”功能又再受到挑战。有学者希望发展及采用“实践研究”证明社会工作的介入效果。在这方面,“关系为本论”和“批判实在论”的努力得到关注;与此同时,亦有“诠释论”和“人文关顾论”推广“人文关顾”在社会工作中的原义,要以研究实践的成果重拾社会工作的“关顾”本质。本文的目的是希望社会工作重视这四个理论背后的实践使命。展开更多
To illustrate how firms and customers co-create value in business to business （B2B） e-commerce, an integrated value co-creation model is proposed based on information systems （IS） application capabilities from the...To illustrate how firms and customers co-create value in business to business （B2B） e-commerce, an integrated value co-creation model is proposed based on information systems （IS） application capabilities from the relational view. IS application capabilities, relational assets, customer agility and relational value are constructed and tested by empirical analysis. The empirical research tests and verifies the mediating effect of customer agility, and the interactions of IS application capabilities and relational assets, as well as their effect on relational value. This model expands the research framework of value co-creation in service dominant logic, and reveals the mechanism of how f＇n＇ms and customers co-create value in B2B e-commerce based on IS application capabilities, which provides the basis for further theory development and a practice guide.展开更多
Value is the internal driving force for any corporate to obtain profits. The key issue of making profit lies on whether the corporate can truly appreciate the needs and combination of stakeholders＇ value, and establi...Value is the internal driving force for any corporate to obtain profits. The key issue of making profit lies on whether the corporate can truly appreciate the needs and combination of stakeholders＇ value, and establish a successful management of value exchange system. This paper starts with the theories of the employee and customer value measurement and management, followed by the value exchange system of employee-customer-organization. Therefore, it explains the status and role of employee-customer-organization in terms of value exchange. This work concludes that customers＇ satisfaction is determined by employees＇ satisfaction, and on that basis, customers would provide the promoted value to the organization.展开更多
文摘本文只带着一个简单的目的:说明若要理解社会工作知识,就要回到实践,回到历史。本文希望再次理解一下“社会”这个词语的历史意义,然后检视这种“社会”的真义又是否能够帮助勾画出社会工作的工作范围及权责。本文指出,“社会”存在于“国家”与“国人”之间、“公共”与“私人”之间,它有自身运作的逻辑及法则。这个历史发展,可称为“社会的发明”(the invention of the social)。社会工作本质存在着两种取向:“关顾”(care)及“管控”(control)。这两种取向互相矛盾,却又无法回避。社会工作者是通过一种“非官方形态”(informality)(或非正式性)与案主或受助人建立关系。社会工作者进入案主的日常生活中,希望通过建立一种“关顾”(care)的关系,以得到案主的信任,令案主接受社会工作者的意见。社会工作者在处理介入时,亦以“商议”(negotiation)作为重要手段。为加强社会工作的客观性及合法性,科学为本的“治愈”(cure)功能却成为主调,社会工作学者大量引用社会科学知识帮助社会工作塑造专业形象。自20世纪80年代开始,社会工作的“治愈”功能又再受到挑战。有学者希望发展及采用“实践研究”证明社会工作的介入效果。在这方面,“关系为本论”和“批判实在论”的努力得到关注;与此同时,亦有“诠释论”和“人文关顾论”推广“人文关顾”在社会工作中的原义,要以研究实践的成果重拾社会工作的“关顾”本质。本文的目的是希望社会工作重视这四个理论背后的实践使命。
基金The National Science&Technology Pillar Program of China(No.2012BAH29F01)the Innovation Project for Postgraduate Education of Jiangsu Province(No.3214003911)
文摘To illustrate how firms and customers co-create value in business to business （B2B） e-commerce, an integrated value co-creation model is proposed based on information systems （IS） application capabilities from the relational view. IS application capabilities, relational assets, customer agility and relational value are constructed and tested by empirical analysis. The empirical research tests and verifies the mediating effect of customer agility, and the interactions of IS application capabilities and relational assets, as well as their effect on relational value. This model expands the research framework of value co-creation in service dominant logic, and reveals the mechanism of how f＇n＇ms and customers co-create value in B2B e-commerce based on IS application capabilities, which provides the basis for further theory development and a practice guide.
文摘Value is the internal driving force for any corporate to obtain profits. The key issue of making profit lies on whether the corporate can truly appreciate the needs and combination of stakeholders＇ value, and establish a successful management of value exchange system. This paper starts with the theories of the employee and customer value measurement and management, followed by the value exchange system of employee-customer-organization. Therefore, it explains the status and role of employee-customer-organization in terms of value exchange. This work concludes that customers＇ satisfaction is determined by employees＇ satisfaction, and on that basis, customers would provide the promoted value to the organization.
