关黄母颗粒治疗围绝经期综合征患者的临床疗效及对其内分泌紊乱、睡眠质量的影响

目的探讨关黄母颗粒治疗围绝经期综合征(Perimenopausal syndrome,PMS)患者的临床疗效及对其内分泌紊乱、睡眠质量的影响。方法选取2021年2月—2023年1月期间江苏省苏北人民医院收治的192例PMS患者,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各96例。对照组给予小剂量激素替代疗法(Hormone replacement therapy,HRT),观察组给予关黄母颗粒治疗,连续治疗8周。观察比较两组患者治疗效果、不良反应,同时检测治疗前后外周血性激素雌二醇(Estradiol,E_(2))、黄体生成素(Luteinizing hormone,LH)与促卵泡激素(Follicle-stimulating hormone,FSH)水平变化,评价中医证候评分、女性更年期综合征自我诊断评定表(Kupperman)评分、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(Pittsburgh sleep quality index,PSQI)和围绝经期综合征生存质量量表(Menopause-specific quality of life,MENQOL)评分,测量子宫内膜厚度及腰椎骨密度(Bone mineral density,BMD)。结果治疗后两组患者中医证候各症状及总分均较治疗前降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组中医证候各症状及总分均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后两组患者Kupperman、PSQI和MEN-QOL评分均较治疗前降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组Kupperman、PSQI和MEN-QOL评分均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后两组患者内分泌指标E_(2)水平较治疗前升高,LH和FSH水平较治疗前降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);但两组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后两组患者子宫内膜厚度及BMD均较治疗前升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);但两组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后观察组总有效率94.62%(88/93)明显高于对照组76.09%(70/92),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗期间,观察组无明显不良反应,与对照组的不良反应率10.87%比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论关黄母颗粒治疗PMS疗效显著且副作用少,能够有效纠正内分泌紊乱、减轻临床症状,并可改善睡眠质量及生活质量。

基于网络药理学及分子对接探讨关黄母颗粒治疗更年期抑郁症的作用机制

目的采用网络药理学和分子对接技术探讨关黄母颗粒治疗更年期抑郁症潜在作用机制。方法利用TCMSP、Swiss Target Prediction、Gene-Cards、DisGeNET数据库获得活性成分及疾病作用靶点,并通过STRING数据库、Cytoscape软件筛选核心靶点并构建蛋白互作(PPI)网络图、“药物-活性成分-靶点”图;运用DAVID数据库进行基因本体(GO)功能富集及基因组百科全书(KEGG)通路富集分析,并通过分子对接试验进行验证分析。结果共筛选到关黄母颗粒活性成分70个,对应靶点857个。经PPI网络分析筛选到51个核心靶点,其中排名靠前的靶点有肿瘤蛋白p53(TP53)、原癌基因酪氨酸蛋白激酶Src(SRC)、蛋白激酶B1(Akt1)、信号传导和转录激活蛋白3(STAT3)、表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)。共筛选出234个GO条目,富集到138条与药物治疗更年期抑郁症相关的通路。分子对接显示关黄母颗粒核心活性成分与核心靶点具有较高亲和力。结论关黄母颗粒可能通过山柰酚、槲皮素、豆甾醇、β-谷甾醇、汉黄芩素等活性成分作用于TP53、SRC、Akt1、STAT3、EGFR等核心靶点来调控内分泌抵抗、雌激素信号通路、TNF信号通路、PI3K-Akt信号通路等,从而协同发挥治疗更年期抑郁症的作用。

UPLC-MS/MS法同时测定关黄母颗粒中12种成分的含量

目的建立UPLC-MS/MS法同时测定关黄母颗粒中金丝桃苷、山柰酚-3-O-芸香糖苷、秦皮甲素、绿原酸、小檗碱、槲皮素、地黄苷D、巴马汀、益母草苷A、芍药苷、知母皂苷BⅡ、芦丁的含量。方法分析采用Acquity UPLC HSS T3色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.8μm);流动相0.05%甲酸(含2 mmol/L乙酸铵)-乙腈,梯度洗脱;体积流量0.3 mL/min;柱温40℃;电喷雾离子源;正负离子扫描。结果12种成分在各自范围内线性关系良好(r>0.9990),平均加样回收率93.46%~102.01%,RSD 2.13%~3.65%。结论该方法快速准确,稳定灵敏,可用于关黄母颗粒的质量控制。

基于UPLC-QTOF/MS的关黄母颗粒主要化学成分及脑组织移行成分研究

目的 运用UPLC-QTOF/MS法对关黄母颗粒中化学成分及脑组织移行成分进行分析和鉴定。方法 基于UPLC-QTOF/MS,在0.1%甲酸水-乙腈流动相体系下,Acquity UPLC HSS T3色谱柱色谱分离后进行正负离子扫描,结合文献、数据库检索等方式,对制剂主要化学成分及入脑成分进行分析。结果 共分离鉴定出159种化学成分,包括生物碱类、萜类、黄酮类、皂苷类等多种化合物,并成功鉴定出15种脑组织移行成分,结果显示其主要入脑成分为生物碱及萜类物质。结论 该方法准确稳定,适用于关黄母颗粒中化学成分分析,也可为寻找出该类药物质量标志物及抗抑郁作用物质基础提供数据支撑。

关黄母颗粒治疗更年期综合征的临床疗效观察

探究关黄母颗粒治疗更年期综合征的临床疗效。方法 选取本院收治的更年期患者100例,随机分为试验组50例、对照组50例,试验组给予关黄母颗粒(通化万通药业股份有限公司)联合雌性激素进行治疗,对照组使用雌激素进行治疗,将两组在治疗前后足跟痛 VAS评分、 Kupperman评分、中医证候评分、子宫内膜厚度、雌激素水平和治疗的总有效率进行比较。结果 试验组总有效率(94%)明显优于对照组(84%),差异有显著性(P<0.05);两组患者在治疗后足跟疼痛的 VAS评分和 Kupperman评分较基础均有所降低,且试验组患者的评分明显低于对照组,差异有显著性(P<0.05);两组患者在中医证候得分上都有不同程度的提高,对照组患者的中医证候得分改善情况明显低于试验组(P<0.05);试验组的子宫内膜改善与雌激素水平改善情况显著高于对照组(P<0.05),在治疗后,试验组不良反应发生率为4%,对照组为10%,试验组不良反应发生率比对照组低,有统计学显著(P<0.05)。结论 关黄母颗粒对更年期综合征的治疗效果明显,安全性更高。

关黄母颗粒治疗女性更年期综合征的临床疗效观察

观察关黄母颗粒治疗女性更年期综合征的临床疗效。方法 以2022年1月至2022年12月为时间段选择120例在新疆阿克苏库车市人民医院治疗的患有更年期综合征的女性患者,随机分为联合组和常规组,每组各60例,常规组给予雌激素治疗,联合组在常规组的基础上联合使用关黄母颗粒(通化万通药业股份有限公司),治疗后对比Kupperman评分、汉密尔顿抑郁量表评分、内分泌变化和治疗总有效率。结果 治疗总有效率方面,联合组为95%,而常规组为88.3%,组间差异显著(P<0.05)。治疗后Kupperman评分与汉密尔顿抑郁量表评分方面,联合组的改善程度较常规组更为明显,两组间差异显著(P<0.05)。结论 联合了关黄母颗粒后治疗女性更年期综合征能更好的提高治疗效果,安全性高,值得推荐。

关黄柏与川黄柏的差热分析法鉴别

关黄柏与川黄柏的差热分析法鉴别林锦明，张汉明，赵长文（第二军医大学药学院上海２００４３３）黄柏ＣｏｒｔｅｘＰｈｅｌｌｅｄｅｎｄｒｉ具清热解毒，泻火燥湿等功效。用于治疗菌痢、黄疸、秘尿系感染等，是常用中药之一。药材黄柏分为关黄柏和川黄柏两种，经黄成就￣...

关黄母颗粒治疗女性更年期综合征肝肾阴虚证的临床疗效观察

目的观察关黄母颗粒治疗女性更年期综合征肝肾阴虚证的临床疗效。方法选取我院女性更年期综合征患者120例,随机分为试验组和对照组,每组60例。对照组给予激素治疗,试验组给予激素+关黄母颗粒(通化万通药业股份有限公司)治疗,观察足跟痛程度、性功能、Kupperman评分、雌激素水平变化、治疗总有效率和子宫内膜改善情况。结果治疗后,试验组性功能评估问卷评分、足跟痛VAS疼痛评分、Kupperman评分、子宫内膜情况以及雌激素水平均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论关黄母颗粒治疗女性更年期综合征肝肾阴虚证能有效改善患者临床症状,有明确的临床疗效。

关黄母颗粒治疗女性更年期综合征导致的足跟痛有效性及安全性分析

探究关黄母颗粒治疗女性更年期综合征导致的足跟痛的有效性及安全性。方法 选取90例于本院治疗由于更年期综合伴随足跟痛的女性患者,随机分成两组,各45例患者,一组用传统方法治疗,一组加关黄母颗粒(通化万通制药),观察治疗前后 VAS评分, Kupperman评分,并观察两组患者治疗前后的子宫内膜厚度变化。结果 两组患者在治疗后的临床表现都得到了明显的改善,但是试验组的效果比对照组好,并且有显著性(P<0.05)。结论关黄母颗粒用于治疗更年期综合征所致的足跟疼痛,具有良好的临床应用价值。

关黄母颗粒治疗肝肾阴虚导致的女性更年期综合征临床疗效观察

本研究采用关黄母颗粒治疗肝肾阴虚证治疗女性更年期综合征,通过对所收集的数据进行比较,以观察其临床疗效,进一步对此治法的安全性及有效性进行评价。方法 选取本院符合纳排标准的更年期综合征的患者80例,并将80例患者随机平均分为两组,治疗组(40)与对照组(40)。治疗组(40例)给予关黄母颗粒口服治疗,对照组(40例)给予坤泰胶囊口服治疗。两组患者药物共治疗8周。经过治疗后,分别记录两组治疗前后及随访时的汉密尔顿焦虑量表评分、中医证候评分、性激素水平、乳腺情况。结果 治疗组总有效率92.5%,对照组总有效率为80%,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。汉密尔顿焦虑量表与中医证候评分改善情况两组相比较,治疗组均优于对照组,有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组治疗前后雌激素水平改善差值、乳腺改善情况治疗组均优于对照组,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组均无严重不良反应发生。结论 关黄母颗粒治疗女性更年期综合征疗效确切,不良反应小,安全性高,值得临床推广。

基于网络药理学和分子对接的关黄母颗粒治疗围绝经期综合征的作用机制研究

目的 基于网络药理学和分子对接探讨关黄母颗粒治疗围绝经期综合征的分子机制。方法 通过SymMap、中国天然产物化学成分库筛选关黄母颗粒中构成药物主要化学成分,而后通过TCMSP数据库以及既往文献对查询有效化学成分的对应靶点,结果的匹配规范通过Uniprot数据库进行。运用Cytoscape 3.6.0软件构建关黄母颗粒的药物–有效成分–作用靶点网络。通过DrugBank和GeneCards数据库明确围绝经期综合征主要疾病靶点,并与关黄母颗粒有效成分靶点进行匹配而获得潜在治疗靶点。基于Metascape数据库和DAVID数据库对潜在治疗靶点进行GO生物过程、KEGG信号通路分析,构建蛋白质–蛋白质相互作用(PPI)网络并应用Cytoscape软件进行拓扑分析,应用Surflex-Dock进行分子对接。结果 共获得有效化学成分86种,通过合并及删除重复值后得到有效成分作用靶点298个,关黄母颗粒治疗围绝经期综合征的潜在靶点基因228个。基因本体论(GO)功能分析得到排名前10名的差异基因主要涉及蛋白质代谢、细胞周期、细胞器功能、染色体等方面。KEGG富集分析显示,关黄母颗粒有效成分治疗围绝经期综合征排名前10的信号通路包括血脂和动脉粥样硬化通路(lipid and atherosclerosis)、化学致癌–受体激活通路(chemical carcinogenesis-receptor activation)、磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)-蛋白激酶B(Akt)信号通路等。分子对接结果显示,梓醇、五羟黄酮、汉黄芩素、山柰酚、芍药苷与黏着连接蛋白β1(CTNNB1)、表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)、甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶(GAPDH)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)、肿瘤蛋白P53(TP53)具有较好的结合活性。结论 关黄母颗粒可能通过梓醇、五羟黄酮、芍药苷等成分,通过影响EGFR、TNF及CTNNB1等关键靶点的表达治疗围绝经期综合征。

HIV相关黄霉菌感染的治疗：两性霉素B优于伊曲康唑

黄霉菌感染是东南亚地区人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染患者死亡的主要原因之一。指南建议首选两性霉素B治疗，但该药副作用较大，价格昂贵，而且药物供应并不充足。伊曲康唑可以通过口服吸收，副作用较少，被广泛用来替代两性霉素B，但有关两者疗效差异的临床试验较少，为此，有学者进行了一项非劣效性试验。

Identification of an Algae-lysing Bacterium of Anabaena flosaquae and Primary Research on Their Relationship

[Objective] The aim was to explore the relationship between alage-lysing bacterium and Anabaena flosaquae so as to provide reference for the control of bloom. [Method] An algae-lysing bacterium strain named S7 was isolated from eu- trophic river. The lyric efficiency and performing mode of S7 strain to Anabaena flos- aquae was studied. Influence of different environmental factors and the relationship between S7 strain and Anabaena flosaquae was also studied, and then the bacteri- um strain was physiologically identified. [Result] More than 90% of Anabaena flos- aquae had been removed by 7 d when the volume ratio of medium to algae solu- tion was 30%, the pH was 9 and the temperature was 35 ℃. These results also showed that a mutual inhibit relationship existed between S7 strain and Anabaena flos-aquae. The S7 strain killed the algae by indirectly through certain lyric agents in absence of direct contact with the target but by secreting metabolites. Moreover, these lyric agents also had the thermostability. 16SrDNA sequence analysis showed that S7 strain belonged to Chryseobacterium sp. [Conclusion] The examined Poly-p proved that S7 strain is polyphosphate accumulating bacteria （PAOs） and has better lyric efficiency.

Characteristics of Deposition of Inosine Monophosphate(IMP) and Intramuscular Fat(IMF) in Muscles of Jinghai Yellow Chicken and Its Crossbreeds

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of deposition of inosine monophosphate （IMP） and intramuscular fat （IMF） in muscles of Jinghai yellow chickens and its crossbred.[Method] The characteristics of IMP and IMF deposition of 112-day-old Jinghai yellow chickens （J×J） and its two different 70-day- old crossbreeds （J×B and B×B） were analyzed. The IMP content in breast muscle and leg muscle were determined by HPLC. [Result] The contents of IMP and cor- rected inosine monophosphate （IMPc） in breast muscle were significantly or ex- tremely significantly higher than that in leg muscle of the chickens in the three groups whether in male or female chickens （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. There were no sig- nificant difference in the contents of IMP and IMPc between hens and roosters （P〉 0.05）. The fresh degree of breast muscle and leg muscle was 96,11%-98.16% and 87.22%-93.07%, respectively. And the fresh degree of breast muscle was higher than that of leg muscle. In the three groups, the IMF content in leg muscle was significantly higher than that in breast muscle whether in male or female chickens （P〈0.05）. The contents of IMF in breast muscle and leg muscle were 0.36%-0.75% and 1.84%-2.38%, respectively. The iMP content in breast muscle of chickens in Bx J group was extremely significantly higher than that in breast muscle of chickens in JxJ group （P〈0.01）, but the contents of IMPc and iMF of breast muscle and leg muscle of the chickens in the three groups had no significant difference （P〉0.05）. [Conclusion] To sum up, the freshness and flavor significantly differ between the breast muscle and leg muscle of chickens, but show no significant difference among the three groups.

Analysis of Genetic Relationship among Medicago sativa,Medicago falcate and Trigonella foenum-graecum Using ISSR

[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the genetic relationships among Medicago sativa,Medicago falcata and Trigonella foenum-graecum.[Method] ISSR technique was adopted to determine their genetic relationships.[Result] M.sativa,M.falcate and T.foenum-graecum had a broad genetic base.T.foenum-graecum shared closer relationship with M.falcata rather than M.sativa.The study on relationship between M.sativa and T.foenum-graecum was advantageous to identify disputable transition types.But a boundary should be found to identify species to be M.sativa or T.foenum-graecum.[Conclusion] This study will provide reference for identifying some disputable transition types.

Aggregate Characteristics During Natural Revegetation on the Loess Plateau

Field investigations and laboratory analysis were conducted to study the characteristics of soil water-stable aggregates during vegetation rehabilitation in typical grassland soils of the hilly-gullied loess area. The relationship between water- stable aggregates and other soil properties was analyzed using canonical correlation analysis and principal component analysis. The results show that during the natural revegetation, the aggregates 〉 5 mm dominated and constituted between 50% and 80% of the total soil water-stable aggregates in most of the soil layers. The 2-5 mm aggregate class was the second main component. The mean value of water-stable aggregates 〉 5 mm within the 0-2 m soil profile under different plant communities decreased in the following order： Stipa grandis 〉 Stipa bungeana Trin. 〉 Artemisia sacrorum Ledeb. 〉 Thymus mongolicus Ronn. 〉 Hierochloe odorata （L.） Beauv. Clay, organic matter, and total N were the key factors that influenced the water stability of the aggregates. Total N and organic matter were the main factors that affected the water stability of the aggregates 〉 5 mm and 0.5-1 mm in size. The contents of Fe2O3, Al2O3, and physical clay （〈 0.01 mm） were the main factors which affected the water stability of the 1-2 and 0.25-0.5 mm aggregates.

FTIR Spectroscopic Study of Broad Bean Diseased Leaves

[Objective] The aim was to indentify diseased leaves of broad bean by vibra- tional spectroscopy. [Method] In this paper, broad bean rust, fusarium rhizome rot, broad bean zonate spot, yellow leaf curl virus and normal leaves were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometrics. [Result] The spectra of the samples were similar, only with minor differences in absorption inten- sity of several peaks. Second derivative analyses show that the significant difference of all samples was in the range of 1 200-700 cm2. The data in the range of 1 200- 700 cm＇ were selected to evaluate correlation coefficients, hierarchical cluster analy- sis （HCA） and principal component analysis （PCA）. Results showed that the correla- tion coefficients are larger than 0.928 not only between the healthy leaves, but also between the same diseased leaves. The values between healthy and diseased leaves, and among diseased leaves, are all declined. HCA and PCA yielded about 73.3% and 82.2% accuracy, respectively. [Conclusion] This study demonstrated that FTIR techniques might be used to detect crop diseases.

Marine ciliate community in relation to eutrophication of coastal waters in the Yellow Sea

We assessed the potential of marine ciliate community as an indicator to coastal water quality using water samples collected from four stations in thc Yellow Sea in the summer 2000. The four stations were characterized by different levels of pollution. The ciliate communities consisted primarily of tintinnids and aloricate ciliates that were 〈30 um. A total of 78 species were classified： 55 species at Station 2, 51 species each at Stations l and 4, and 47 species at Station 3. The mean number of species at each site was 29.2±2.0 （Station 1）, 28.5±2.9 （Station 2）, 27.8±1.7 （Station 3）, and 24.5±2.3 （Station 4）. The abundance was highly variable： 19 331±11 187 ind./L at Station 1, 7 960±5 639 ind./L at Station 2, 29 015±12 999 ind./L at Station 3, and 8 190±4 658 ind./L at Station 4. Our results suggest that neither the simple chemical analysis （e.g. chemical oxygen demand, dissolved inorganic nitrogen, and phosphate） nor the eutrophication/pollution index adequately described the water quality at the four stations. The same was true of the number of species and their abundance, both of which had no correlation with the chemical indices. In contrast, Margalef＇s diversity index values （3.12 at Station 2, 2.89 at Station 1, and 2.64 at Stations 3 and 4） generally discriminated the water quality status of the four stations. The difference in water quality among the stations was strongly supported by the pattern of species richness （i.e. the total number of species） of ciliates at each station. Our evaluation was consistent with the results of long-term water quality monitoring at the four stations. With increasing eutrophication, we observed also a compositional and functional shift in the ciliate assemblages from algivorous oligotrich/choreotrich to nonselective-omnivorous gymnostomatids to bacterivorous-detrivorous scuticociliatids. Thus, eiliates may be used to indicate the coastal water quality status of a given site.

A SIMULTANEOUS APPROACH TO WATER - RESOURCE PROTECTION AND ECONOMIC STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT—A Case Study of Guanzhong Region in the Huanghe River Basin, China

A regional multiple objective water resource and economic optimization model was developed using a quantitative method of systematic analysis. Input to the model includes indexes of economic structure and development, water resource utilization, wastewater and pollutant discharge, and investment in wastewater treatment. The model, which consists of production structure and industrial structure optimization modules, was applied to the Guanzhong region in the middle reaches of the Huanghe (Yellow) River basin in China. By evaluating several alternative production and industrialization schemes, the modal indicate that water pollution will get worsen though wastewater treatment improves if the economy continues to develop at the planned speed without structural adjustment. However, the results also show that not only economic goals but also water resource protection and pollution control targets can be achieved under an alternative, recommended production and industrial structure. This example illustrates that economic development and environmental protection can be improved coordinately by the regional multiple objective water resource and economic optimization model. It provides an operable approach to the simultaneous sustained development of water resources and economic growth.

Impacts of Land-use and Land-cover Changes on River Runoff in Yellow River Basin for Period of 1956–2012

River runoff is affected by many factors, including long-term effects such as climate change that alter rainfall-runoff relationships, and short-term effects related to human intervention(e.g., dam construction, land-use and land-cover change(LUCC)). Discharge from the Yellow River system has been modified in numerous ways over the past century, not only as a result of increased demands for water from agriculture and industry, but also due to hydrological disturbance from LUCC, climate change and the construction of dams. The combined effect of these disturbances may have led to water shortages. Considering that there has been little change in long-term precipitation, dramatic decreases in water discharge may be attributed mainly to human activities, such as water usage, water transportation and dam construction. LUCC may also affect water availability, but the relative contribution of LUCC to changing discharge is unclear. In this study, the impact of LUCC on natural discharge(not including anthropogenic usage) is quantified using an attribution approach based on satellite land cover and discharge data. A retention parameter is used to relate LUCC to changes in discharge. We find that LUCC is the primary factor, and more dominant than climate change, in driving the reduction in discharge during 1956–2012, especially from the mid-1980 s to the end-1990 s. The ratio of each land class to total basin area changed significantly over the study period. Forestland and cropland increased by about 0.58% and 1.41%, respectively, and unused land decreased by 1.16%. Together, these variations resulted in changes in the retention parameter, and runoff generation showed a significant decrease after the mid-1980 s. Our findings highlight the importance of LUCC to runoff generation at the basin scale, and improve our understanding of the influence of LUCC on basin-scale hydrology.