脱贫的关键在于开发劳动者智力

花垣县是一个苗族聚居的山区贫困县,就本县内部来说,小集镇与山村、平坝与高山,其经济状况的差别也愈来愈大,前不久我们走访了矮坡、晓碾等自然村,目睹苗寨的贫穷现状,深感要使这些地方富起来,不下功夫大力开发劳动者的智力是绝对办不到的。

海资曼钢琴诞辰155周年&北京中加海资曼钢琴公司成立25周年庆典音乐会侧记

8月29日北京时间下午14时28分,在北京音乐厅回荡着男中音深沉厚重的话音,那是海资曼公司浪漫的微电影中的一段唯美的开场旁白。伴随着现代钢琴三百多年的历史,古往今来的艺术家们创作了如星河般浩渺的钢琴音乐。

打造政府统计数据来源双轨

大数据是一个宽泛的概念。有学者认为它是指大小超出常规的数据库工具获取、存储、管理和分析能力的数据集成,也有人认为它是难以用现有的数据库管理工具处理的兼具海量特征和复杂性特征的数据集成。无论如何,现代信息技术的日益进步,计算机、互联网技术的飞速发展,使得快速高效处理庞大的海量数据成为可能。

Numerical investigation of water-entry of flatted-bottom seafloor mining tool in ocean waves

A numerical wave load model based on two-phase(water-air) Reynolds-Averaged Navier Stokes(RANS) type equations is used to evaluate hydrodynamic forces exerted on flatted-bottom seafloor mining tool during its entering ocean waves of deploying process.The discretization of the RANS equations is achieved by a finite volume approach(FV).The volume of fluid method(VOF) is employed to track the complicated free surface.A numerical wave tank is built to generate the ocean waves which are suitable for deploying seafloor mining tool.A typical deploying condition is employed to reflect the process of flatted-bottom body impacting with waves,and the pressure distribution of bottom is also presented.Four different lowering velocities are applied to obtain the time histories of maximum pressure of bottom,and it can be concluded that the pressure coefficient decreases with water velocity increasing,which is similar with ordinary water entry case.The numerical results clearly demonstrate the characteristics of flatted-bottom body entering ocean waves.

Experimental investigation of clam water impact on flatted-bottom seafloor mining tool

A test rig for constant velocity water entry experiments was developed that drives a flatted-bottom section attached on six degree of freedom(6-DOF) platform to enter the water vertically at near constant velocity.The experiment system,which consists of drive and actuation system,water pool,model test sections,load cell,and control system,was presented.Water entry forces of different velocities were measured during impact process,and for each test case,three runs were performed with the same motion program to check the repeatability of the force readings.The experiment results are compared with two-dimensional(2D) CFD simulation methods for flatted-bottom rigid bodies with constant entry velocity.Experimental results indicate that the impact forces mainly depend on water entry velocities.It is concluded that the feasibility and accuracy of simulation methods has been validated.

Numerical simulation of calm water entry of flatted-bottom seafloor mining tool

The hydrodynamic problem of a two-dimensional model of seafloor mining tool entering still water vertically at constant speed was analyzed based on the velocity potential theory. For the assumption that the water entry occurs with very short time interval, the viscosity and gravity of fluid were neglected. Considering the characteristic shape of it, the seafloor mining tool was simplified as a flat-bottom body. The governing equations were the Reynolds time-averaged equations and the k-e model. Finite element analysis was undertaken using the CFD software, Fluent. The impact pressures on the bottom of the mining tool were computed based on the improved volume of fuid method （VOF）. The pressure distribution, the maximum impact pressure, and the impact duration time during the water entry of mining tool are presented at various deploying velocities, the two peak pressures in the impact process are observed, and the relationship between the maximum impact pressure and the deploying velocity is obtained. The results are compared with those based on other prediction theories and methods.

Assessment of Sediment and Pollutants in Buyo Lake, Ivory Coast, Using SWAT （Soil and Water Assessment Tool） Model

The changes in land use in the last 30 years in the territory of agro-forest watershed of Lake Buyo resulted in significant sediment into the lake. Sediments are a preferred means of transportation for certain pollutants, like phosphorus in excess. By mapping the source areas of erosion, the authors can determine the risk areas and help to prioritize interventions in the territory. This mapping is done using the SWAT （soil and water assessment tool） model. Several types of data, including topography, land use, soil and climate data are needed to run the model. In this paper, all different steps are presented, from the designing of HRU （hydrological response units）, basic units to run the SWAT model until the simulations. The establishment of HRU has three main stages： space discretization, land use and soil data integration and HRU distribution： （1） space discretization which consist in extracting the limits and the water network of the watershed from the DEM （digital elevation model） and in subdividing them into sub-basins; （2） land use and soil data integration： it consists in digitizing the physical maps of land use and of soils under Mapinfo 7.5 and in keeping them in ＂shape＂ format; （3） HRU distribution： it leads to subdivide the sub-watersheds in small units that combine a single soil type and one type of land use. It appears from this study to obtain 23 sub-watersheds and 71 HRU. Once the HRU designed, it is necessary to integrate climate data, data on physico-chemical characteristics of soils and agricultural practices, before starting the simulations. This will allow the model to assess the risk of sedimentation and eutrophication of the lake using the MUSLE （modified universal soil loss equation） and phosphorus cycle.

Design and Evaluation Tool for Operations and Maintenance Logistics Concepts for Offshore Wind Power Plants

In this article, the authors give an overview of different logistics concepts for operation and maintenance of OWPP （offshore wind power plants）. These can be generally classified into onshore based and offshore based concepts. The operation of OWPPs can still be improved as research has shown that the availability of OWPPs is low compared to onshore wind power plants. There are a few tools to calculate operating costs and to evaluate the different concepts. However, most tools have a weak focus on logistics although logistics account for a big share of the costs. The tool the authors are introducing in this article focuses on the logistics processes. It is first explained and then tested with an OWPP scenarin

PSSA-Management Tool for Protection of a Marine Biodiversity in the Vietnam East Sea

Particularly Sensitive Sea Areas （PSSA） is an important management tool for protection of marine biodiversity of a marine area. At the time of designation of PSSA, an associated protective measure, which meets the requirements of the appropriate legal instrument establishing such measure, must have been approved or adopted by IMO to prevent, reduce, or eliminate the threat or identified vulnerability. Information on each of the PSSA that has been designated by IMO is available on the nautical chart. The Vietnam＇s coastal zones and island is an isolated oceanic habitat of extremely rich marine life in very good condition which is important to the maintenance and dispersal of the marine life of the Western Tropical Pacific. Vietnam coastal areas are very high risk areas affected by maritime activities, particularly international shipping, therefore in the future identification of some PSSA is necessary.

Improving Energy Efficiency in New Trawlers Fishing Gear in Mediterranean Sea

The objective of this work is to show the benefits of a new eco-systemic fishing gear installed in three bottom trawlers after one year using it. The study has been based on fuel consumption reduction for the three vessels and the catch in two of them. The new system minimizes the impact of the fishing gear on the seabed, with a reduction on the tow resistance. This generates significant fuel savings that improves the economical result of the fishery, helping the ship owners in the return of investment first, then in the future viability of the operation. Apart of the evident savings due to the fuel consumption reduction, in the long term, the ship owner will notice also savings on maintenance, both because the winches are towing with less tension （longer life for warps, brakes and hydraulic system） and the engine is running at low rpm＇s （longer life of the engine and between breakdowns）. The new fishing gear does not require any modification on the way that the fisherman is working, only replacing and/or modifying some parts or components of the fishing gear. The implementation is easy and the adjustments required could be done in a couple of days.

WUlmap： A Software Tool for Mapping Wildland-Urban Interfaces in Mediterranean European Context

WUIma -which stands for Wildland-Urban Interface MAPping-is a software tool based on a GIS model （developped with Arcgis functions） designed to map wildland-urban interfaces at a large scale over a large area. The main outputs of WUImap are： （1） the map of twelve types of wildland-urban interfaces existing on the territory; （2） the map of four housing configuration （isolated, scattered, dense and very dense clustered housing） related to wildland-urban interfaces （WUI）. These maps are produced according to the method of WUI characterization combining housing configuration and horizontal structure of vegetation. Required inputs to map WUI are the layer of the residential house, the layer defining the fire sensitive area and the layer of the index of aggregation calculated on vegetation. The method of WUI characterization and mapping incorporated into WUImap has been evaluated and applied on real cases with good results. WUlmap has applicability as a decision support aid in a wide variety of land management ranging from fire management and fire prevention to analysis of WUI spread and land cover dynamic. The core method underlying the WUlrnap is summarized in the present paper.

Smart Modeling of Maritime Vessels

Currently, the market offers many visualization tools available to graphic designers, engineers, managers and academics working on maritime environments. The practice of visualization involves making and manipulating images that convey novel phenomena and ideas. Visual communication, together with virtual reality environments, is an emerging and rapidly evolving discipline. It brings great advantage over written word or voice alone, as visual sense is by far the most dominant component of human sensory perception. A new smart approach for modeling maritime vessels is described in this paper. Various ways of making modeling relevant for work within the field of maritime management, training and education are discussed.

“洋海参”那些事

＂鲍参翅肚＂乃国人眼中的＂四大海味＂,排行第二的海参,自古便是名贵的食材。海参不但口感独特,味道鲜美,具有补肾益精、增强体质、延缓衰老、改善记忆力等保健功效,而且海参中因含有海参素、海参黏多糖等更具有很强的抗癌杀菌的能力,广受欢迎,被誉为世界八大珍品之一。随着人们消费水平和保健意识的提高,海参已从稀罕的海洋珍品转为优质保健品进入寻常百姓家,甚至成为百姓的＂家常菜＂。小小的海参也在国人的养生保健理念中掀起了大大的革命!

前世,究竟是谁埋的你?

书生拿着书在打瞌睡。欣赏他的人说,你瞧,他多用功,睡着了还拿着书。不欣赏他的人说,你瞧,他多懒惰,一拿着书就睡着了。你爱他的时候,他的缺点都是优点,你不爱他了,他的优点也成了缺点。和一个人牵手的时候。