This work studies entry and technology transfer in a Cournot model where there are two domestic firms. A foreign firm has a patent on a technological innovation that reduces the costs of all firms. The foreign firm ca...This work studies entry and technology transfer in a Cournot model where there are two domestic firms. A foreign firm has a patent on a technological innovation that reduces the costs of all firms. The foreign firm can license the innovation to one or both domestic firms. The authors consider two standard licensing policies： （1） auction policy and （2） unit royalty policy. The foreign firm can license the innovation either by staying outside the domestic market, or it can enter the market, license the innovation and compete with the domestic firms. The authors show that （1） when the foreign firm stays outside, it is never optimal for it to use royalties, （2） if it licenses the innovation by entering the industry, then royalties could be optimal and （3） when it decides on its entry strategy by taking its optimal licensing policies into account, it always finds it optimal to enter the domestic market.展开更多
With the increasing popularity of computer assisted audit techniques, this paper discussed the major role of computer audit played in internal audit. From these two aspects： the enterprises＇ financial revenue and ex...With the increasing popularity of computer assisted audit techniques, this paper discussed the major role of computer audit played in internal audit. From these two aspects： the enterprises＇ financial revenue and expenditure, and material purchase using computer audit to introdnce two kinds of audit methods which are Monetary unit sampling and SQL database query method. Finally, give problems and suggestions for it.展开更多
Yulin was belong to ＂Hundred Yue＂ in ancient time, the Zhuang and Yao nationality was the indigenous people here. After the Qin and Han Dynasties, the central plains people constantly migrating to the south not only...Yulin was belong to ＂Hundred Yue＂ in ancient time, the Zhuang and Yao nationality was the indigenous people here. After the Qin and Han Dynasties, the central plains people constantly migrating to the south not only brought the advanced agricultural technology, but also a lot of Hafts customs and folk music, including the ＂picking flower lanterns＂, ＂tea-picking drama＂ and other folk music cultures which combined with the local pristine ＂tea plucking＂ folk songs, and then the ＂tea plucking＂ music culture began to have its own unique artistic features. These characteristics contributed to highlight the beauty of Yulin tea plucking opera. This article mainly discusses Yulin tea-picking Drama＇s rich aesthetic connotation through elaborating its music, lyrics, the theme, dancing, and clothing etc.展开更多
Increases in consumer requirements for both product and service efficiency and effectiveness have resulted in business process reengineering （BPR）. The re-engineering of business processes is concerned with fundamen...Increases in consumer requirements for both product and service efficiency and effectiveness have resulted in business process reengineering （BPR）. The re-engineering of business processes is concerned with fundamentally rethinking and redesigning business processes to obtain dramatic and sustaining improvements in quality, cost, service, lead-times, outcomes, flexibility and innovation （Hammer ＆ Champy, 1993）. Nowadays, banking industry has reduced structural barriers to competition in domestic markets by abolishing interest rates ceilings on deposits and lending by financial intermediaries in the world. Iran also has not been expected. According to the government＇s decision, the interest rate is going down to be around 9% （before： 22%, and right now： 15%）, and this decision is very risky for the banks in Iran. On these reasons cited above, the banks should employ some strategies to solve their problems. It is because the customers have a vital and key role in this sector, and the banks are dependent to them, 13PR is one strategy to help them in this competitive situation. BPR implementation can provide them, to survive in this better customer service, as well as improvement and management of customer expectations satisfaction and loyalty （Winer, 2001）. This study is a descriptive-correlation research to explain effect of BPR on strengthening of banking sector, focus on customer satisfaction as potential of I^PR. The focus of attention with such applications is customer satisfaction. In this research, a questionnaire was developed containing 18 items each items employed a 7-piont instrument developed to find existent relationship between BPR implementation and customer satisfaction, relationship between employee＇s productivity and efficiency and satisfaction level of customer and also effect of information technology on accomplishment of BPR. In order to validate the instrument, validity and reliability tests were performed and to get reliability. Alpha kronbakh has computed according a pilot study as shown in following items： r HI （with 5 factors） = 75.7%; r H2 （with 7 factors） = 75%; r H3 （with 5 factors） = 81%; R total： （with 17 factors） = 92%展开更多
The existing literature on innovation concentrates mostly on large industrial firms and high-technology industries, whereas, little attention has been given to agribusiness. Empirical evidence regarding the driving fo...The existing literature on innovation concentrates mostly on large industrial firms and high-technology industries, whereas, little attention has been given to agribusiness. Empirical evidence regarding the driving forces behind innovation in agribusinesses in developing countries, China in particular is scarce. This paper helps fill that void. It develops a framework in which innovation results from synergies between internal resources and external networks. This paper applies and tests the framework using 2003-2005 data from a panel survey of 32 leading agribusiness firms in Shandong Province, China. The empirical results indicate the importance of internal resources, external networks and the synergies between them. We find that R＆D expenditures and the number of technical employees are internal resources that are both important to product innovation. Surprisingly, management quality is negatively related to the possession of a unique technology and new products as a proportion of all products. It is possible that management quality is associated with more formalization and rigidity in decision-making, hindering creativity and lengthening the new product development cycle. In order to develop innovative products, our results suggest that investing in R＆D and hiring more technical staff may be more effective approaches than spending on managerial talent.展开更多
it is a case study of Jiangyin vocational and technical college, based on the development of the industry and the position requirements; it can analyze the current inadequacy of training mode. Based on skills developm...it is a case study of Jiangyin vocational and technical college, based on the development of the industry and the position requirements; it can analyze the current inadequacy of training mode. Based on skills development, it can reinforce students＇ talents cultivation objective of sustainable development, explore new mode of professional personnel training in interior design in higher vocational education.展开更多
文摘This work studies entry and technology transfer in a Cournot model where there are two domestic firms. A foreign firm has a patent on a technological innovation that reduces the costs of all firms. The foreign firm can license the innovation to one or both domestic firms. The authors consider two standard licensing policies： （1） auction policy and （2） unit royalty policy. The foreign firm can license the innovation either by staying outside the domestic market, or it can enter the market, license the innovation and compete with the domestic firms. The authors show that （1） when the foreign firm stays outside, it is never optimal for it to use royalties, （2） if it licenses the innovation by entering the industry, then royalties could be optimal and （3） when it decides on its entry strategy by taking its optimal licensing policies into account, it always finds it optimal to enter the domestic market.
文摘With the increasing popularity of computer assisted audit techniques, this paper discussed the major role of computer audit played in internal audit. From these two aspects： the enterprises＇ financial revenue and expenditure, and material purchase using computer audit to introdnce two kinds of audit methods which are Monetary unit sampling and SQL database query method. Finally, give problems and suggestions for it.
文摘Yulin was belong to ＂Hundred Yue＂ in ancient time, the Zhuang and Yao nationality was the indigenous people here. After the Qin and Han Dynasties, the central plains people constantly migrating to the south not only brought the advanced agricultural technology, but also a lot of Hafts customs and folk music, including the ＂picking flower lanterns＂, ＂tea-picking drama＂ and other folk music cultures which combined with the local pristine ＂tea plucking＂ folk songs, and then the ＂tea plucking＂ music culture began to have its own unique artistic features. These characteristics contributed to highlight the beauty of Yulin tea plucking opera. This article mainly discusses Yulin tea-picking Drama＇s rich aesthetic connotation through elaborating its music, lyrics, the theme, dancing, and clothing etc.
文摘Increases in consumer requirements for both product and service efficiency and effectiveness have resulted in business process reengineering （BPR）. The re-engineering of business processes is concerned with fundamentally rethinking and redesigning business processes to obtain dramatic and sustaining improvements in quality, cost, service, lead-times, outcomes, flexibility and innovation （Hammer ＆ Champy, 1993）. Nowadays, banking industry has reduced structural barriers to competition in domestic markets by abolishing interest rates ceilings on deposits and lending by financial intermediaries in the world. Iran also has not been expected. According to the government＇s decision, the interest rate is going down to be around 9% （before： 22%, and right now： 15%）, and this decision is very risky for the banks in Iran. On these reasons cited above, the banks should employ some strategies to solve their problems. It is because the customers have a vital and key role in this sector, and the banks are dependent to them, 13PR is one strategy to help them in this competitive situation. BPR implementation can provide them, to survive in this better customer service, as well as improvement and management of customer expectations satisfaction and loyalty （Winer, 2001）. This study is a descriptive-correlation research to explain effect of BPR on strengthening of banking sector, focus on customer satisfaction as potential of I^PR. The focus of attention with such applications is customer satisfaction. In this research, a questionnaire was developed containing 18 items each items employed a 7-piont instrument developed to find existent relationship between BPR implementation and customer satisfaction, relationship between employee＇s productivity and efficiency and satisfaction level of customer and also effect of information technology on accomplishment of BPR. In order to validate the instrument, validity and reliability tests were performed and to get reliability. Alpha kronbakh has computed according a pilot study as shown in following items： r HI （with 5 factors） = 75.7%; r H2 （with 7 factors） = 75%; r H3 （with 5 factors） = 81%; R total： （with 17 factors） = 92%
文摘The existing literature on innovation concentrates mostly on large industrial firms and high-technology industries, whereas, little attention has been given to agribusiness. Empirical evidence regarding the driving forces behind innovation in agribusinesses in developing countries, China in particular is scarce. This paper helps fill that void. It develops a framework in which innovation results from synergies between internal resources and external networks. This paper applies and tests the framework using 2003-2005 data from a panel survey of 32 leading agribusiness firms in Shandong Province, China. The empirical results indicate the importance of internal resources, external networks and the synergies between them. We find that R＆D expenditures and the number of technical employees are internal resources that are both important to product innovation. Surprisingly, management quality is negatively related to the possession of a unique technology and new products as a proportion of all products. It is possible that management quality is associated with more formalization and rigidity in decision-making, hindering creativity and lengthening the new product development cycle. In order to develop innovative products, our results suggest that investing in R＆D and hiring more technical staff may be more effective approaches than spending on managerial talent.
文摘it is a case study of Jiangyin vocational and technical college, based on the development of the industry and the position requirements; it can analyze the current inadequacy of training mode. Based on skills development, it can reinforce students＇ talents cultivation objective of sustainable development, explore new mode of professional personnel training in interior design in higher vocational education.
