浅析介观尺度上砒砂岩与沙复配土结构稳定性的内力作用

毛乌素沙地治理事关我国西北地区生态环境安全和可持续发展,虽然近年来其沙化趋势得到明显遏制,却并未被彻底扭转,仍面临再次沙化的严峻挑战。新近研究揭示,土壤内部介观尺度上的静电斥力、水合斥力和范德华分子引力的相互作用可能是决定宏观尺度土壤结构稳定或破坏的本质原因。然而,砒砂岩与沙复配提升土壤结构稳定性的内力作用机制及其微观机理仍不清楚。因此,本文概述了和讨论了砒砂岩与沙复配在质地组配和结构改良方面的关键作用,分析了介观尺度上砒砂岩与沙复配土的复合效应和表面电荷效应差异将改变复配土颗粒间相互作用力,进一步影响风沙土结构形成和及其稳定性,并针对砒砂岩与沙复配土结构稳定性的内力作用研究中急需攻克的难题进行了总结和展望。

Endothelial mechanosensors: the gatekeepers of vascular homeostasis and adaptation under mechanical stress

Endothelial cells(ECs)not only serve as a barrier between blood and extravascular space to modulate the exchange of fluid,macromolecules and cells,but also play a critical role in regulation of vascular homeostasis and adaptation under mechanical stimulus via intrinsic mechanotransduction.Recently,with the dissection of microdomains responsible for cellular responsiveness to mechanical stimulus,a lot of mechanosensing molecules(mechanosensors)and pathways have been identified in ECs.In addition,there is growing evidence that endothelial mechanosensors not only serve as key vascular gatekeepers,but also contribute to the pathogenesis of various vascular disorders.This review focuses on recent findings in endothelial mechanosensors in subcellular microdomains and their roles in regulation of physiological and pathological functions under mechanical stress.