[Objective]The experiment aimed to explore a new way for observing surface structure of Nostoc sphaeroides Kutzing. [Method] The scanning electron microscope was used to observe the epidermal ultrastructure of wild an...[Objective]The experiment aimed to explore a new way for observing surface structure of Nostoc sphaeroides Kutzing. [Method] The scanning electron microscope was used to observe the epidermal ultrastructure of wild and cultured Nostoc sphaeroides Kutzing. [ Result] The epidermis of wild and cultured Nostoc sphaeroides Kutzing showed mixture structure of fibril colloid which was reticular arranged. The difference between wild and cultured Nostoc sphaeroides Kutzing was that the outer epidermis of cultured Nostoc sphaeroides Kutzing had trichome distribution but the wild Nostoc sphaeroides Kutzing did not has such distribution. The obsevation results of under smaller than 10 μm by scanning electron microscope was touched thick and showed many folds and distortions. [ Conclusion] The scanning electron microscope was an effective way to study development of Nostoc sphaeroides Kutzing colony and it was worth popularizing.展开更多
AIM:To conduct a bacterial culture study for monitoring decontamination of automated endoscope reprocessors(AERs) after high-level disinfection(HLD).METHODS:From February 2006 to January 2011,authors conducted randomi...AIM:To conduct a bacterial culture study for monitoring decontamination of automated endoscope reprocessors(AERs) after high-level disinfection(HLD).METHODS:From February 2006 to January 2011,authors conducted randomized consecutive sampling each month for 7 AERs.Authors collected a total of 420 swab cultures,including 300 cultures from 5 gastroscope AERs,and 120 cultures from 2 colonoscope AERs.Swab cultures were obtained from the residual water from the AERs after a full reprocessing cycle.Samples were cultured to test for aerobic bacteria,anaerobic bacteria,and mycobacterium tuberculosis.RESULTS:The positive culture rate of the AERs was 2.0%(6/300) for gastroscope AERs and 0.8%(1/120) for colonoscope AERs.All the positive cultures,including 6 from gastroscope and 1 from colonoscope AERs,showed monofloral colonization.Of the gastroscopeAER samples,50%(3/6) were colonized by aerobic bacterial and 50%(3/6) by fungal contaminations.CONCLUSION:A full reprocessing cycle of an AER with HLD is adequate for disinfection of the machine.Swab culture is a useful method for monitoring AER decontamination after each reprocessing cycle.Fungal contamination of AERs after reprocessing should also be kept in mind.展开更多
With the continuous development of the times, cultivating students＇ cross-cultural consciousness is becoming increasingly urgent. The development of new situation requires that college English teachers should also st...With the continuous development of the times, cultivating students＇ cross-cultural consciousness is becoming increasingly urgent. The development of new situation requires that college English teachers should also strengthen students＇ cultural content education and cultivate students＇ cross-cultural consciousness, in order to stimulate students＇ learning interest, optimize students＇ knowledge structure and improve students＇ social cultural ability while introducing language knowledge and conducting listening, speaking, reading and writing training for students. Then, how to cultivate students＇ cross-cultural consciousness in college English teaching？ This paper takes it as the theme for analysis, hoping to improve college English teaching quality.展开更多
Date palm, like all other crops, is very sensitive to the injury by many insect pests, which may lead to the death of the affected plant and causes decrease in yield. In the present study, an efficient Agrobacterium f...Date palm, like all other crops, is very sensitive to the injury by many insect pests, which may lead to the death of the affected plant and causes decrease in yield. In the present study, an efficient Agrobacterium for genetic transformation was successfully achieved for well known date palm （Phoenix dactylifera L.） cv. Medjool and Khalas using callus as explant. Embryogenic callus were recorded 100% mortality when cultured on MS medium containing 100 mg/L kanamycin with different cultivars, thus it was chosen for the selection of transformed explants. Embryogenic callus of Medjool and Khalas were incubated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA 4404 for 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 24 h on LB medium. After the incubation periods, embryogenic callus was transferred to MS medium with 0.1 mg/L NAA, 0.05 mg/L BA, 250 mg/L carbenicillin and 100 mg/L kanamycin for detection of transgenic embryogenic callus. Polymerase chain reaction （PCR） was used for the rapid screening of Cry3Aa gene. For screening, total genomic DNA was isolated from transformants. Using primer specific to Cry3Aa gene （forward and reverse）, a PCR product with a size of about 2,000 bp was amplified when all nucleic acid from the transformants were utilized as templates. PCR analysis confirmed the appearance of the transgene of 2,000 bp in one individual plantlet. Presence and integration of foreign Cry3Aa gene in regenerated kanamycin resistant embryogenic callus was also confirmed by Southern blot hybridization. It was found that one transgenic embryogenic callus for both Medjool and Khalas showed a single copy of gene integration. These results signify the successful transfer of Cry3Aa gene into date palm plant.展开更多
文摘[Objective]The experiment aimed to explore a new way for observing surface structure of Nostoc sphaeroides Kutzing. [Method] The scanning electron microscope was used to observe the epidermal ultrastructure of wild and cultured Nostoc sphaeroides Kutzing. [ Result] The epidermis of wild and cultured Nostoc sphaeroides Kutzing showed mixture structure of fibril colloid which was reticular arranged. The difference between wild and cultured Nostoc sphaeroides Kutzing was that the outer epidermis of cultured Nostoc sphaeroides Kutzing had trichome distribution but the wild Nostoc sphaeroides Kutzing did not has such distribution. The obsevation results of under smaller than 10 μm by scanning electron microscope was touched thick and showed many folds and distortions. [ Conclusion] The scanning electron microscope was an effective way to study development of Nostoc sphaeroides Kutzing colony and it was worth popularizing.
基金Supported by The Gastrointestinal Scope Unit of the Chang Gung Memorial Hospital(Kaohsiung)of Taiwan
文摘AIM:To conduct a bacterial culture study for monitoring decontamination of automated endoscope reprocessors(AERs) after high-level disinfection(HLD).METHODS:From February 2006 to January 2011,authors conducted randomized consecutive sampling each month for 7 AERs.Authors collected a total of 420 swab cultures,including 300 cultures from 5 gastroscope AERs,and 120 cultures from 2 colonoscope AERs.Swab cultures were obtained from the residual water from the AERs after a full reprocessing cycle.Samples were cultured to test for aerobic bacteria,anaerobic bacteria,and mycobacterium tuberculosis.RESULTS:The positive culture rate of the AERs was 2.0%(6/300) for gastroscope AERs and 0.8%(1/120) for colonoscope AERs.All the positive cultures,including 6 from gastroscope and 1 from colonoscope AERs,showed monofloral colonization.Of the gastroscopeAER samples,50%(3/6) were colonized by aerobic bacterial and 50%(3/6) by fungal contaminations.CONCLUSION:A full reprocessing cycle of an AER with HLD is adequate for disinfection of the machine.Swab culture is a useful method for monitoring AER decontamination after each reprocessing cycle.Fungal contamination of AERs after reprocessing should also be kept in mind.
文摘With the continuous development of the times, cultivating students＇ cross-cultural consciousness is becoming increasingly urgent. The development of new situation requires that college English teachers should also strengthen students＇ cultural content education and cultivate students＇ cross-cultural consciousness, in order to stimulate students＇ learning interest, optimize students＇ knowledge structure and improve students＇ social cultural ability while introducing language knowledge and conducting listening, speaking, reading and writing training for students. Then, how to cultivate students＇ cross-cultural consciousness in college English teaching？ This paper takes it as the theme for analysis, hoping to improve college English teaching quality.
文摘Date palm, like all other crops, is very sensitive to the injury by many insect pests, which may lead to the death of the affected plant and causes decrease in yield. In the present study, an efficient Agrobacterium for genetic transformation was successfully achieved for well known date palm （Phoenix dactylifera L.） cv. Medjool and Khalas using callus as explant. Embryogenic callus were recorded 100% mortality when cultured on MS medium containing 100 mg/L kanamycin with different cultivars, thus it was chosen for the selection of transformed explants. Embryogenic callus of Medjool and Khalas were incubated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA 4404 for 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 24 h on LB medium. After the incubation periods, embryogenic callus was transferred to MS medium with 0.1 mg/L NAA, 0.05 mg/L BA, 250 mg/L carbenicillin and 100 mg/L kanamycin for detection of transgenic embryogenic callus. Polymerase chain reaction （PCR） was used for the rapid screening of Cry3Aa gene. For screening, total genomic DNA was isolated from transformants. Using primer specific to Cry3Aa gene （forward and reverse）, a PCR product with a size of about 2,000 bp was amplified when all nucleic acid from the transformants were utilized as templates. PCR analysis confirmed the appearance of the transgene of 2,000 bp in one individual plantlet. Presence and integration of foreign Cry3Aa gene in regenerated kanamycin resistant embryogenic callus was also confirmed by Southern blot hybridization. It was found that one transgenic embryogenic callus for both Medjool and Khalas showed a single copy of gene integration. These results signify the successful transfer of Cry3Aa gene into date palm plant.
