AIM: To determine whether routine nasogastric (NG) decompression benefitted patients undergoing radical gastric surgery. METHODS: Between January 1998 and December 2008, 519 patients who underwent distal gastrectomy f...AIM: To determine whether routine nasogastric (NG) decompression benefitted patients undergoing radical gastric surgery. METHODS: Between January 1998 and December 2008, 519 patients who underwent distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer were retrospectively divided into 2 time-period cohorts; those treated with Billroth Ⅱ (BⅡ) reconstruction in the first 6 years and those with Roux-en-Y (RY) reconstruction in the last 5 years. In the latter group, the patients were further divided into 2 subgroups; with and without nasogastric decompression.RESULTS: Postoperatively, there were no significant differences in the number of anastomotic leaks between the 3 groups. In the tubeless RY group, time to semiliquid diet was significantly shorter than in the other 2 groups (4.4 d ± 1.4 d vs 7.2 d ± 1.3 d and 5.9 d ± 1.2 d, P = 0.005). The length of postoperative stay was significantly increased in patients with BⅡ reconstruction compared with patients with RY reconstruction with/without NG decompression (15.4 d ± 4.3 d in BⅡ group vs 12.6 d ± 3.1 d in decompressed RY and 11.4 d ± 3.4 d in the tubeless RY group, P = 0.035). The postoperative pneumonia rate was lowest in the tubeless group and highest in the BⅡ group (1.4% vs 4.6%, P = 0.01). Severe sore throat was noted in 59 (20.7%) members of the BⅡ group, 18 (17.4%) members of the decompressed RY group and 6 (4.2%) members of the tubeless RY group. Fewer patients in the tubeless group complained of severe sore throat (P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: This study provides support for abandoning routine NG decompression in patients undergoing subtotal gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy.展开更多
The low frequency cyclical transient natural convection in a cube enclosure with an internal isolated vertical heated plate was investigated experimentally. A computer-aided experimental system was designed to generat...The low frequency cyclical transient natural convection in a cube enclosure with an internal isolated vertical heated plate was investigated experimentally. A computer-aided experimental system was designed to generate the cyclical heating power input and also used for data reduction. The effects of the cyclic heating power input amplitude (from 0 to 8 W) and frequency (from 1/5400 s-1 to 1/600 s-1)as well as the per-cycle time-average power input (from 8 to 24 W) on the transient and time-average Nusselt number were parametrically studied. It was found that for such cyclical transient natural convection with low frequency, the plate heating power input amplitude and frequency have little effects on the time-average Nusselt number as long as the cyclical time-average heating power input remains the same, although the transient Nusselt number may be significantly affected. Therefore, the modified Grashof number based on the plate average heat flux can be used to characterize the time-average heat transfer process. The plate time-average Nusselt number is about 15% less than the infinite-space Nusselt number. The location of the isolated plate in enclosure does not appreciably influence the time-average heat transfer characteristics of the plate.展开更多
文摘AIM: To determine whether routine nasogastric (NG) decompression benefitted patients undergoing radical gastric surgery. METHODS: Between January 1998 and December 2008, 519 patients who underwent distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer were retrospectively divided into 2 time-period cohorts; those treated with Billroth Ⅱ (BⅡ) reconstruction in the first 6 years and those with Roux-en-Y (RY) reconstruction in the last 5 years. In the latter group, the patients were further divided into 2 subgroups; with and without nasogastric decompression.RESULTS: Postoperatively, there were no significant differences in the number of anastomotic leaks between the 3 groups. In the tubeless RY group, time to semiliquid diet was significantly shorter than in the other 2 groups (4.4 d ± 1.4 d vs 7.2 d ± 1.3 d and 5.9 d ± 1.2 d, P = 0.005). The length of postoperative stay was significantly increased in patients with BⅡ reconstruction compared with patients with RY reconstruction with/without NG decompression (15.4 d ± 4.3 d in BⅡ group vs 12.6 d ± 3.1 d in decompressed RY and 11.4 d ± 3.4 d in the tubeless RY group, P = 0.035). The postoperative pneumonia rate was lowest in the tubeless group and highest in the BⅡ group (1.4% vs 4.6%, P = 0.01). Severe sore throat was noted in 59 (20.7%) members of the BⅡ group, 18 (17.4%) members of the decompressed RY group and 6 (4.2%) members of the tubeless RY group. Fewer patients in the tubeless group complained of severe sore throat (P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: This study provides support for abandoning routine NG decompression in patients undergoing subtotal gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy.
文摘The low frequency cyclical transient natural convection in a cube enclosure with an internal isolated vertical heated plate was investigated experimentally. A computer-aided experimental system was designed to generate the cyclical heating power input and also used for data reduction. The effects of the cyclic heating power input amplitude (from 0 to 8 W) and frequency (from 1/5400 s-1 to 1/600 s-1)as well as the per-cycle time-average power input (from 8 to 24 W) on the transient and time-average Nusselt number were parametrically studied. It was found that for such cyclical transient natural convection with low frequency, the plate heating power input amplitude and frequency have little effects on the time-average Nusselt number as long as the cyclical time-average heating power input remains the same, although the transient Nusselt number may be significantly affected. Therefore, the modified Grashof number based on the plate average heat flux can be used to characterize the time-average heat transfer process. The plate time-average Nusselt number is about 15% less than the infinite-space Nusselt number. The location of the isolated plate in enclosure does not appreciably influence the time-average heat transfer characteristics of the plate.
