A two-step alkaline-acidic leaching process was conducted to separate the cryolite from spent pot lining and to purify the carbon. The influencing factors of temperature, time, and the ratio of liquid to solid in alka...A two-step alkaline-acidic leaching process was conducted to separate the cryolite from spent pot lining and to purify the carbon. The influencing factors of temperature, time, and the ratio of liquid to solid in alkaline and acidic leaching were investigated. The results show that the recovery of soluble compounds of Na3AlF6 and Al2O3 dissolving into the solution during the NaOH leaching is 65.0%,and the purity of carbon reaches 72.7%. During the next step of HCl leaching, the recovery of soluble compounds of CaF2 and NaAl11O17 dissolving into the HCl solution is 96.2%, and the carbon purity increases to 96.4%. By mixing the acidic leaching solution and the alkaline leaching solution, the cryolite precipitates under a suitable conditions of pH value 9 at 70 °C for 2 h. The cryolite precipitating rate is 95.6%, and the purity of Na3AlF6 obtained is 96.4%.展开更多
Endoscopic ultrasonography （EUS） is a highly sensitive diagnostic method for the detection of small pancreatic carcinomas. Recently, there have been some reports describing the utility of contrast-enhanced harmonic ...Endoscopic ultrasonography （EUS） is a highly sensitive diagnostic method for the detection of small pancreatic carcinomas. Recently, there have been some reports describing the utility of contrast-enhanced harmonic EUS （CEH-EUS） which uses sonographic contrast agent for differentiation of a pancreatic mass. This report describes a case of small adenocarcinoma of the pancreas distinct from branch duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm （IPMN） in which investigation by EUS took place every 6 mo and diagnosis was made accurately by additional CEH-EUS during the follow-up of the branch duct IPMN. A 68-year-old female was admitted to our hospital because of a branch duct IPMN in the pancreatic body. She had been followed-up by EUS every 6 too. However, after 2 years EUS demonstrated a low echoic area distinct from the branch duct IPMN which was vaguely discernible by EUS, and accurate sizing and differential diagnosis were considered difficult on the EUS imaging. CHEUS with Sonazoid revealed a hypovascular tumor and we suspected small pancreatic carcinoma. The histopathological diagnosis was adenocarcinoma （10 mm） in the pancreatic tail, distinct from the branch duct IPMN of the pancreatic body. EUS and CEH-EUS may play an important role in the correct diagnosis of small pancreatic tumors, including synchronous and metachronous occurrence of IPMN and ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas.展开更多
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common histologic subtype of the non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) accounting for about 40% of all NHLs. This is a case report about the endoscopic appearance of a DLBCL w...Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common histologic subtype of the non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) accounting for about 40% of all NHLs. This is a case report about the endoscopic appearance of a DLBCL with infiltration to the stomach in a 39-year-old female. She had a 6-mo history of lumbar and left upper quadrant pain with intermittent episodes of melena. A computer tomograghy (CT) scan showed mural thickening of the gastric antrum. Endoscopic examination revealed multiple gastric ulcers. Definite diagnosis could be made by endoscopic biopsies and the patient had a good response to chemotherapy. This response correlated well with a further endoscopic follow-up. A follow-up endoscopic examination could be considered to evaluate a good response to chemotherapy in DLBCL patients with secondary gastric dissemination.展开更多
AIM： To compare clinical presentation and ultrasound （US） and computed tomography （CT） sensitivity between intraluminal and infiltrating gallbladder carcinoma （GBCA）. METHODS： This retrospective study evaluate...AIM： To compare clinical presentation and ultrasound （US） and computed tomography （CT） sensitivity between intraluminal and infiltrating gallbladder carcinoma （GBCA）. METHODS： This retrospective study evaluated 65 cases of GBCA that were categorized morphologically into the intraluminaI-GBCA （n = 37） and infiltrating-GBCA （n = 28） groups. The clinical and laboratory findings, presence of gallstones, gallbladder size, T-staging, nodal status, sensitivity of preoperative US and CT studies, and outcome were compared between the two groups. RESULTS： There were no significant differences between the two groups with respect to female predominance, presence of abdominal pain, serum aminotransferases level, T2-T4 staging, and regional metastatic nodes. Compared with the patients with intraluminaI-GBCA, those with infiltrating-GBCA were significantly older （65.49 ± 1.51 years vs 73.07 ± 1.90 years）, had a higher frequency of jaundice （3/37 patients vs 13/28 patients） and fever （3/37 patients vs 10/28 patients）, higher alkaline phosphatase （119.36 ± 87.80 IU/L vs 220.68 ± 164.84 IU/L） and total bilirubin （1.74 ± 2.87 mg/L vs 3.50 ± 3.51 mg/L） levels, higher frequency of gallstones （12/37 patients vs 22/28 patients）, smaller gallbladder size （length, 7.47± 1.70 cm vs 6.47 ± 1.83 cm; width, 4.21 ± 1.43 cm vs 2.67 ± 0.93 cm）, and greater proportion of patients with 〈 12 mo survival （16/37 patients vs 18/28 patients）. The sensitivity for diagnosing intraluminal- GBCA with and without gallstones was 63.6% and 91.3% by US, and 80% and 100% by CT, respectively. The sensitivity for diagnosing infiltrating-GBCA with and without gallstones was 12.5% and 25% by US, and 71.4% and 75% by c-r, respectively. CONCLUSION： In elderly women exhibiting small gallbladder and gallstones on US, especially those with jaundice, fever, high alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin levels, CT may reveal concurrent infiltrating-GBCA.展开更多
Launched in the late 1990s in Xi＇an, the first and the most influential English immersion programs - CCUEI were carried out in some big cities in the mainland of China. Fifteen years of implementation witnessed the s...Launched in the late 1990s in Xi＇an, the first and the most influential English immersion programs - CCUEI were carried out in some big cities in the mainland of China. Fifteen years of implementation witnessed the success as well as the challenges, which need reflect and draw the implications for pedagogy and teacher education.展开更多
Infinitesimal prolongation theorem is extended from sequences to nets based on κ-saturated nonstandard model. As its an application, a main property about topology of uniform convergence is proved. The proof is much ...Infinitesimal prolongation theorem is extended from sequences to nets based on κ-saturated nonstandard model. As its an application, a main property about topology of uniform convergence is proved. The proof is much simpler than it was, meanwhile the nonstandard characteristics of convergence with respect to u.c. topology is given.展开更多
基金Project (50804010) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘A two-step alkaline-acidic leaching process was conducted to separate the cryolite from spent pot lining and to purify the carbon. The influencing factors of temperature, time, and the ratio of liquid to solid in alkaline and acidic leaching were investigated. The results show that the recovery of soluble compounds of Na3AlF6 and Al2O3 dissolving into the solution during the NaOH leaching is 65.0%,and the purity of carbon reaches 72.7%. During the next step of HCl leaching, the recovery of soluble compounds of CaF2 and NaAl11O17 dissolving into the HCl solution is 96.2%, and the carbon purity increases to 96.4%. By mixing the acidic leaching solution and the alkaline leaching solution, the cryolite precipitates under a suitable conditions of pH value 9 at 70 °C for 2 h. The cryolite precipitating rate is 95.6%, and the purity of Na3AlF6 obtained is 96.4%.
基金Supported by The Japan Society for Promotion of ScienceThe Research and Development Committee Program of The Japan Society of Ultrasonics in Medicine+1 种基金Japan Research Foundation for Clinical PharmacologyJapanese Foundation forResearch and Promotion of Endoscopy
文摘Endoscopic ultrasonography （EUS） is a highly sensitive diagnostic method for the detection of small pancreatic carcinomas. Recently, there have been some reports describing the utility of contrast-enhanced harmonic EUS （CEH-EUS） which uses sonographic contrast agent for differentiation of a pancreatic mass. This report describes a case of small adenocarcinoma of the pancreas distinct from branch duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm （IPMN） in which investigation by EUS took place every 6 mo and diagnosis was made accurately by additional CEH-EUS during the follow-up of the branch duct IPMN. A 68-year-old female was admitted to our hospital because of a branch duct IPMN in the pancreatic body. She had been followed-up by EUS every 6 too. However, after 2 years EUS demonstrated a low echoic area distinct from the branch duct IPMN which was vaguely discernible by EUS, and accurate sizing and differential diagnosis were considered difficult on the EUS imaging. CHEUS with Sonazoid revealed a hypovascular tumor and we suspected small pancreatic carcinoma. The histopathological diagnosis was adenocarcinoma （10 mm） in the pancreatic tail, distinct from the branch duct IPMN of the pancreatic body. EUS and CEH-EUS may play an important role in the correct diagnosis of small pancreatic tumors, including synchronous and metachronous occurrence of IPMN and ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas.
文摘Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common histologic subtype of the non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) accounting for about 40% of all NHLs. This is a case report about the endoscopic appearance of a DLBCL with infiltration to the stomach in a 39-year-old female. She had a 6-mo history of lumbar and left upper quadrant pain with intermittent episodes of melena. A computer tomograghy (CT) scan showed mural thickening of the gastric antrum. Endoscopic examination revealed multiple gastric ulcers. Definite diagnosis could be made by endoscopic biopsies and the patient had a good response to chemotherapy. This response correlated well with a further endoscopic follow-up. A follow-up endoscopic examination could be considered to evaluate a good response to chemotherapy in DLBCL patients with secondary gastric dissemination.
文摘AIM： To compare clinical presentation and ultrasound （US） and computed tomography （CT） sensitivity between intraluminal and infiltrating gallbladder carcinoma （GBCA）. METHODS： This retrospective study evaluated 65 cases of GBCA that were categorized morphologically into the intraluminaI-GBCA （n = 37） and infiltrating-GBCA （n = 28） groups. The clinical and laboratory findings, presence of gallstones, gallbladder size, T-staging, nodal status, sensitivity of preoperative US and CT studies, and outcome were compared between the two groups. RESULTS： There were no significant differences between the two groups with respect to female predominance, presence of abdominal pain, serum aminotransferases level, T2-T4 staging, and regional metastatic nodes. Compared with the patients with intraluminaI-GBCA, those with infiltrating-GBCA were significantly older （65.49 ± 1.51 years vs 73.07 ± 1.90 years）, had a higher frequency of jaundice （3/37 patients vs 13/28 patients） and fever （3/37 patients vs 10/28 patients）, higher alkaline phosphatase （119.36 ± 87.80 IU/L vs 220.68 ± 164.84 IU/L） and total bilirubin （1.74 ± 2.87 mg/L vs 3.50 ± 3.51 mg/L） levels, higher frequency of gallstones （12/37 patients vs 22/28 patients）, smaller gallbladder size （length, 7.47± 1.70 cm vs 6.47 ± 1.83 cm; width, 4.21 ± 1.43 cm vs 2.67 ± 0.93 cm）, and greater proportion of patients with 〈 12 mo survival （16/37 patients vs 18/28 patients）. The sensitivity for diagnosing intraluminal- GBCA with and without gallstones was 63.6% and 91.3% by US, and 80% and 100% by CT, respectively. The sensitivity for diagnosing infiltrating-GBCA with and without gallstones was 12.5% and 25% by US, and 71.4% and 75% by c-r, respectively. CONCLUSION： In elderly women exhibiting small gallbladder and gallstones on US, especially those with jaundice, fever, high alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin levels, CT may reveal concurrent infiltrating-GBCA.
文摘Launched in the late 1990s in Xi＇an, the first and the most influential English immersion programs - CCUEI were carried out in some big cities in the mainland of China. Fifteen years of implementation witnessed the success as well as the challenges, which need reflect and draw the implications for pedagogy and teacher education.
基金Supported by the Speaial Science Foundation of the Edneational Committee of Shaanxi Province(oojk207).
文摘Infinitesimal prolongation theorem is extended from sequences to nets based on κ-saturated nonstandard model. As its an application, a main property about topology of uniform convergence is proved. The proof is much simpler than it was, meanwhile the nonstandard characteristics of convergence with respect to u.c. topology is given.
