The study documents an intervention programme based on the Self-determination Theory of Deci and Ryan （2000） with school beginners in an Austrian primary school with the aim to improve perceived self-determination a...The study documents an intervention programme based on the Self-determination Theory of Deci and Ryan （2000） with school beginners in an Austrian primary school with the aim to improve perceived self-determination and academic self-regulation of school beginners. For two years, teachers were guided by a team of educational scientists to design challenging autonomous learning settings and to foster self-determined academic regulation. Before and after the intervention, about 100 pupils were questioned concerning their well-being in school, perceived autonomy support, their academic self-regulation, and school-related self-efficacy. Teachers＇ autonomy support decreased during the first year but remained stable from then on. Pupils＇ intrinsic regulation, as well as their introjected and external regulation and their self-efficacy, decreased throughout the intervention but identified regulation remained stable. The results indicate that perceived self-determination, self-determined academic regulation, and self-efficacy contribute to school-related well-being and offer interesting recommendations for improving the climate in schools for pupils and teachers.展开更多
Architecture in Jordan characterized by using the most basic raw materials in the natural environment （such as stone, straw and mud etc.）. Jordanian designer interacts with natural materials and link these materials...Architecture in Jordan characterized by using the most basic raw materials in the natural environment （such as stone, straw and mud etc.）. Jordanian designer interacts with natural materials and link these materials to the local environment and the climatic characteristics of the place. This research focuses on the basic material in construction in Jordan, a substance of natural stone, where the researchers studied the historical relationship between architecture in Jordan and natural stone material, and also studied the properties, specifications, types and methods of formation of this natural material. This research aims to shed light on the modern material of architecture in Jordan and how the architects deal with natural stone and other alternative materials where the architects became underestimate the use of natural stone material and use modern materials far from the architectural heritage and which are sometimes not compatible with the construction environment in Jordan. To conclude from this study the importance of maintaining the continuity of the historical relationship between natural stone and Jordanian architecture, where the study recommends to the possibility of development of use this material through using it in interior architecture to conserve on natural stone as a feedstock in the architecture of Jordan.展开更多
文摘The study documents an intervention programme based on the Self-determination Theory of Deci and Ryan （2000） with school beginners in an Austrian primary school with the aim to improve perceived self-determination and academic self-regulation of school beginners. For two years, teachers were guided by a team of educational scientists to design challenging autonomous learning settings and to foster self-determined academic regulation. Before and after the intervention, about 100 pupils were questioned concerning their well-being in school, perceived autonomy support, their academic self-regulation, and school-related self-efficacy. Teachers＇ autonomy support decreased during the first year but remained stable from then on. Pupils＇ intrinsic regulation, as well as their introjected and external regulation and their self-efficacy, decreased throughout the intervention but identified regulation remained stable. The results indicate that perceived self-determination, self-determined academic regulation, and self-efficacy contribute to school-related well-being and offer interesting recommendations for improving the climate in schools for pupils and teachers.
文摘Architecture in Jordan characterized by using the most basic raw materials in the natural environment （such as stone, straw and mud etc.）. Jordanian designer interacts with natural materials and link these materials to the local environment and the climatic characteristics of the place. This research focuses on the basic material in construction in Jordan, a substance of natural stone, where the researchers studied the historical relationship between architecture in Jordan and natural stone material, and also studied the properties, specifications, types and methods of formation of this natural material. This research aims to shed light on the modern material of architecture in Jordan and how the architects deal with natural stone and other alternative materials where the architects became underestimate the use of natural stone material and use modern materials far from the architectural heritage and which are sometimes not compatible with the construction environment in Jordan. To conclude from this study the importance of maintaining the continuity of the historical relationship between natural stone and Jordanian architecture, where the study recommends to the possibility of development of use this material through using it in interior architecture to conserve on natural stone as a feedstock in the architecture of Jordan.
