循环流化床锅炉水冷排渣管的强度计算

给出了循环流化床锅炉水冷排渣管的强度计算方法,可供部件结构设计者参照使用,以便设计出更加经济、安全、合理的结构。

Poorly expandable common bile duct with stones on endoscopic retrograde cholangiography

AIM： To describe characteristics of a poorly expandable （PE） common bile duct （CBD） with stones on en- doscopic retrograde cholangiography.METHODS： APE bile duct was characterized by a rigid and relatively narrowed distal CBD with retro- grade dilatation of the non-PE segment. Between 2003 and 2006, endoscopic retrograde cholangiography （ERC） images and chart reviews of 1213 patients with newly diagnosed CBD stones were obtained from the computer database of Therapeutic Endoscopic Centerin Chang Gung Memoria acteristic PE bile duct on Hospital. Patients with char ERC were identified from the database. Data of the patients as well as the safety and technical success of therapeutic ERC were collected and analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS： A total of 30 patients with CBD stones and characteristic PE segments were enrolled in this study. The median patient age was 45 years （range, 20 to 92 years）; 66.7% of the patients were men. The di ameters of the widest non-PE CBD segment, the PE segment, and the largest stone were 14.3 ± 4.9 mm, 5.8±1.6 mm, and 11.2±4.7 mm, respectively. The length of the PE segment was 39.7±15.4 mm （range, 12.3 mm to 70.9 mm）. To remove the CBD stone（s） completely, mechanical lithotripsy was required in 25 （83.3%） patients even though the stone size was not as large as were the difficult stones that have been described in the literature. The stone size and stone/ PE segment diameter ratio were associated with the need for lithotripsy. Post-ERC complications occurred in 4 cases： pancreatitis in 1, cholangitis in 2, and an im- pacted Dormia basket with cholangitis in 1. Two （6.7%） of the 28 patients developed recurrent CBD stones at follow-up （50±14 mo） and were successfully managed with therapeutic ERC.CONCLUSION： Patients with a PE duct frequently require mechanical lithotripsy for stones extraction, To retrieve stones successfully and avoid complications, these patients should be identified during ERC,

Aggressive primary hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma:a case report and literature review

A new case of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is reported to have occurred to a 67-year-old patient who consulted for rightsided chest pain. The work-up showed multiple right pulmonary lesions associated with bilateral moderate pleural effusion and left-sided pleural thickening and three hypodense nodules in the right lobe of the liver, peritoneal thickening, ascites, and multiple vertebral lytic lesions. The diagnosis of an epithelioid hemangioendothelioma was concluded through a histological examination of a computed tomography scan guided biopsy of the liver. The patient received a primary mono-chemotherapy with Adriamycin(75 mg/m^2 every three weeks) and intravenous bisphosphonates without response and general status impairment. The patient died after 16 months of follow-up.

Hemangiopericytoma in the vertebral canal of thoracic segments: report of a rare case

In this paper, we explore the diagnosis and treatment of hemangiopedcytoma （HPC）. A rare case of HPC in the vertebral canal of thoracic segments is reported, and the clinical features as well as treatment approaches of similar cases in the literature are discussed. In the present case, we operatively resected the tumor and performed postoperative radiation therapy, with good treatment results.

First endoscopic procedure for diagnosis and staging of mediastinal lymphadenopathy

AIM:To compare a first diagnostic procedure of transbronchial needle aspiration(TBNA)with selection of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration(EUS-FNA)or TBNA for mediastinal lymphadenopathy.METHODS:Sixty-eight consecutive patients with mediastinal lymphadenopathy on computed tomography(CT),who required cytopathological diagnosis,were recruited.The first 34 underwent a sequential approach in which TBNA was performed first,followed by EUS-FNA if TBNA was unrevealing.The next 34 underwent a selective approach where either TBNA or EUS-FNA was selected as the first procedure based on the CT findings.RESULTS:The diagnostic yield of TBNA as the first diagnostic procedure in the sequential approach was 62%.In the selective approach,the diagnostic yield of the first procedure was 71%.There was no significant difference in the overall diagnostic yield,but there were significantly fewer combined procedures with the selective approach.CONCLUSION:Selecting either EUS-FNA or TBNA as the first diagnostic procedure achieved a comparable diagnostic yield with significantly fewer procedures than performing TBNA first in all patients.

Simple Power-type Heat Transfer Correlations for Turbulent Pipe Flow in Tubes

The paper presents three power-type correlations of a simple form, which are valid for Reynolds numbers range from 3.10^3 ≤ Re ≤ 10^6, and for three different ranges of Prandtl number： 0.1 ≤ Pr ≤ 1.0, 1.0≤ Pr ≤ 3.0, and 3.0 ≤Pr ≤ 10^3. Heat transfer correlations developed in the paper were compared with experimental results available in the literature. The comparisons performed in the paper confLrm the good accuracy of the proposed correlations. They are also much simpler compared with the relationship of Gnielinski, which is also widely used in the heat transfer calculations.