Cross border traders make a major contribution to the growth of economies in Southern Africa. Cross border trade is a source of livelihood for many poor people, especially women. However, few studies examined challeng...Cross border traders make a major contribution to the growth of economies in Southern Africa. Cross border trade is a source of livelihood for many poor people, especially women. However, few studies examined challenges facing cross border traders and future business prospects.The aim of this paper is to examine the challenges that face Zimbabwean cross border traders in South Africa. The paper goes further to review existing literature as well as empirical studies in order to identify the major challenges that face Zimbabwean cross border traders. Among the challenges noted are crime, harassment due to xenophobia, traders are often stigmatized as ＂prostitutes＂ or ＂smugglers＂, accommodation problems, extortion and bribery by the South African Police and municipal police officials, delays at the border post during peak periods and banks that close early and also do not operate on Sundays. The Zimbabwean Cross Border Traders Association should build office in Musina and Johannesburg so that members can easily consult with the association in times of problems and also help with marketing information like distribution of brochures showcasing Zimbabwean products sold by cross border traders and also organize fairs where Zimbabwean traders can display their products. Furthermore cases of harassment by police officials should be investigated and dealt with. Banks that do have branches at the border posts are also urged to provide 24 hour service to cross border traders.展开更多
The aim of the research in the paper was to study redlining practice within the greater Johannesburg area. The aim can be summarised by the following objectives： firstly, to investigate the evidence of redlining in t...The aim of the research in the paper was to study redlining practice within the greater Johannesburg area. The aim can be summarised by the following objectives： firstly, to investigate the evidence of redlining in the Greater Johannesburg area and to test its existence; secondly, to investigate the reasons why the areas were redlined; thirdly, to understand what the South Africa government and society did to combat the redlining practice. The research methodology was based on a questionnaire and interviews. A pool of respondents from the Greater Johannesburg suburbs that had interest or were affected by the practice of redlining was sought and interviewed. Analysis of the responses was made and conclusions were drawn from the responses. Secondary data was also sought from publications on the redlining practice to support the primary interviews data. From the interview responses and the secondary data, it was established that redlining existed in Greater Johannesburg and that the areas where redlining was practised could be marked on a map.展开更多
This empirical study explores Can-Do structured products engineered by Johannesburg Securities Exchange （JSE） of South Africa around June 2006. However, as time evolved, different types of Can-Do structured products...This empirical study explores Can-Do structured products engineered by Johannesburg Securities Exchange （JSE） of South Africa around June 2006. However, as time evolved, different types of Can-Do structured products were developed. Can-Do structured product, called XFWQ, is used as an example in this empirical study. As previous empirical studies by Georgieva （2005） and Subandh （2007） have confirmed that there are embedded exotic options within structured products that generally make these products to be expensive, and in most cases less profitable compared with plain-vanilla assets, the empirical study confirmed that there is an embedded shout option with the Can-Do structured product. Furthermore, the empirical study shows that there is extra value to the structured product indicated by European long call option that does not accrue to the investors when time of expiration reaches maturity.展开更多
文摘Cross border traders make a major contribution to the growth of economies in Southern Africa. Cross border trade is a source of livelihood for many poor people, especially women. However, few studies examined challenges facing cross border traders and future business prospects.The aim of this paper is to examine the challenges that face Zimbabwean cross border traders in South Africa. The paper goes further to review existing literature as well as empirical studies in order to identify the major challenges that face Zimbabwean cross border traders. Among the challenges noted are crime, harassment due to xenophobia, traders are often stigmatized as ＂prostitutes＂ or ＂smugglers＂, accommodation problems, extortion and bribery by the South African Police and municipal police officials, delays at the border post during peak periods and banks that close early and also do not operate on Sundays. The Zimbabwean Cross Border Traders Association should build office in Musina and Johannesburg so that members can easily consult with the association in times of problems and also help with marketing information like distribution of brochures showcasing Zimbabwean products sold by cross border traders and also organize fairs where Zimbabwean traders can display their products. Furthermore cases of harassment by police officials should be investigated and dealt with. Banks that do have branches at the border posts are also urged to provide 24 hour service to cross border traders.
文摘The aim of the research in the paper was to study redlining practice within the greater Johannesburg area. The aim can be summarised by the following objectives： firstly, to investigate the evidence of redlining in the Greater Johannesburg area and to test its existence; secondly, to investigate the reasons why the areas were redlined; thirdly, to understand what the South Africa government and society did to combat the redlining practice. The research methodology was based on a questionnaire and interviews. A pool of respondents from the Greater Johannesburg suburbs that had interest or were affected by the practice of redlining was sought and interviewed. Analysis of the responses was made and conclusions were drawn from the responses. Secondary data was also sought from publications on the redlining practice to support the primary interviews data. From the interview responses and the secondary data, it was established that redlining existed in Greater Johannesburg and that the areas where redlining was practised could be marked on a map.
文摘This empirical study explores Can-Do structured products engineered by Johannesburg Securities Exchange （JSE） of South Africa around June 2006. However, as time evolved, different types of Can-Do structured products were developed. Can-Do structured product, called XFWQ, is used as an example in this empirical study. As previous empirical studies by Georgieva （2005） and Subandh （2007） have confirmed that there are embedded exotic options within structured products that generally make these products to be expensive, and in most cases less profitable compared with plain-vanilla assets, the empirical study confirmed that there is an embedded shout option with the Can-Do structured product. Furthermore, the empirical study shows that there is extra value to the structured product indicated by European long call option that does not accrue to the investors when time of expiration reaches maturity.
