汉英翻译中的“语内译”

理解是翻译的关键。在汉英翻译中,理解的过程应该是一个“语内译”的过程。从古到今的主要译论都阐述了翻译的本质是用顺畅的译语再现原语信息,这为“语内译”在汉英翻译中的实施提供了理论依据。汉英之间的思维及语言差异决定了“语内译”的必要性。该文在这样的理论框架中论述“语内译”在汉英翻译中的具体操作及其重要意义。

从“奴性的忠实”现象谈翻译

“奴性的忠实”在翻译中具体体现为字、词上的盲从,句式上的亦步亦趋,以及无视文化背景和认知语境的差异而照搬原文三个方面。本文通过分析学生翻译实践中普遍出现的不妥译例,论证了当“奴性的忠实”表现为字、词、句义翻译上的盲从时,语内译在语际翻译中使用的必要性,它是挑战“奴性忠实”的有效工具。而针对后两种体现,译者则需要培养对汉英的语言结构差异以及思维方式和认知语境差异的敏感,善于变通才是求“信”之道。

关于“中国史学走向世界”的一些思考

一个国家的史学走向世界应主要指通过国外学者的翻译将史学著述推向世界,这主要取决于这个国家的经济实力、国际地位以及由此决定的话语权状况等。据此可以认为,西方(包括美国)史学在工业化时期已在较大程度上走向世界。朝贡时代的中国史学也曾在较大程度上进入周边国家,在当时的历史条件下也可以认为是走向世界。改革开放以来中国的综合国力的确有了很大提升,但似还不具备在较大程度上走向世界的条件。我们当然可以做一些促进性工作,但关键还是通过自身的综合国力赢得他国的仰慕、接受和拥戴,使外国学者主动翻译中国史书。只要综合国力提升到某种高度,走向世界就必然水到渠成,这主要是一个自然的过程。

壮族学生的语言思维模式及语言表达的训练策略

壮族学生由于习惯使用自己的母语来进行思维,所以他们的思维模式有其特殊性.而他们在学校里接受的是汉语教育,现实的表达用的是汉语.这样,思维工具和思维结果的表述就需要不同的语言来完成.从思维结果到表达出来要经过一个转换过程,这是造成壮族中学生语言表达困难的主要原因.在教学中,必须找到相应的训练策略加以克服.

A research on Android kernel-memory compiling and scheduling

Android, an open source system exploited by Google, has experienced a rapid development in the past a few years in the field of intelligent mobile because of its advantages-open source and excellent function. The number of professionals and enthusiasts who research on Android is growing rapidly in the same time. Android, as an abstraction between software layer and hardware layer based on Linux kernel, can complete the optimization of system by modifying the kernel part. The purpose of this design is to master the processes of kernel-compiling and transplanting, and to learn the methods of memory scheduling algorithm and kernel menaory test. First of all, this thesis introduces the installation of Linux system, and then, it presents the method to build the environment for Android kernel compiling and the process of compiling. The key point of the design is to introduce the SLAB, SLOB, SLUB, SLQB allocators in memory scheduling, and carry on a research on optimization with these memory allocators. HTC Incredible S, as an experimental mobile phone whose Android kernel version is 2.6.35, is employed to deal with all these tests. A comparison of kernel codes before and after optimization has been made. The two kernel codes have been transplanted into the terminal of the experimental mobile phone, which will be respectively tested with its stability, memory performance and overall performance. Finally, it concludes that result of being transplanted the SLQB memory allocator is the optimal one of all.

Fansubbing Humor： A China's Mainland Case Study

Fansubbing, short for fan subtitling, is a new form of subtitling done by fans for fans voluntarily and collaboratively to distribute free fansubbed programs. Fansub is a virtual community where fansubbers communicate only through chatting rooms, forums, MSN or QQ. With the popularity of audiovisual programs on the Intemet, fansubs become well-known for their voluntary fansubbed programs and interesting fansubbing. However, little is known about the operating of this virtual community and the strategies of fansubbing humor. Thus, this dissertation explores the modus operandi of fansubs in China's Mainland, and discusses fansubbing strategies compared with that of mainstream subtitling, with particular emphasis on fansubbed humor in American TV series which are popular with Chinese audiences. Different from the mainstream subtitling which often domesticates the otherness in the foreign culture, fansubbing tends to rewrite and manipulate the translation in a more idiosyncratic and creative way. Fansubbers recreate the humor in an ＂abusive＂ way to explain the cultural difficulties. And their ＂abusive＂ manipulation of translation, especially in humor translation, which helps the audience to overcome the culture barriers, experience the cultural ＂otherness＂ while entertain the humor, has great potential to be adopted by other translators in dealing with translating cultural difficulties.

The Translation of Local Historical Allusions in the Perspective of Cross-cultural Communication With Case Studies

The translation of place-names plays a significant part in both translation and the process of communication. The translation of place-names is a cross-cultural communication, especially in the translation of the place-names with allusion-oriented meaning. The translators should consider the cultural meaning of the place-names and convey the cultural meaning accurately to the foreigners. This paper is based on some cases that have been searched, illustrating the translation of place-names on allusion-oriented from the perspective of cross-cultural communication consciousness and the strategy of foreignization. It also analyzes the basic guiding principl strategies and specific translation methods on the translation of Chinese place-names, as well as the scope es, of various translation methods, such as literal translation, free translation, combination of both of them, and proposes the guiding principles of this kind of translation which should be ＂literal translation-headed, proper free translation, and appropriate interpretation＂. The other principles are ＂following the pronunciation of the owners of proper names, adopting the established popular translated names, and using the standard pronunciation of the Chinese character＂ etc. Based on it, this paper discusses the translation of the place-names, such as ＂Zhenyuan＇

Chinese-translated Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2： Evidence from university students in the Mainland and Hong Kong of China

Purpose： The purpose of the study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Chinese-translated Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2 （C-BREQ-2） among Chinese university students from the Mainland and Hong Kong of China. Methods： University students from the Mainland （n = 191） and Hong Kong （n=194） of China participated in this study. Factorial validity, discriminant validity, nomological validity, internal reliability, and measurement invariance across sample of the C-BREQ-2 were examined. Results： Confirmatory factor analysis provided support for the factorial validity of the 18-item, 5-factor structure C-BREQ-2. Examination of the 95% confidence interval of the inter-factor correlations suggested that the C-BREQ-2 assesses related but distinct constructs, which provided support for its discriminant validity. The internal consistency reliability of the C-BREQ-2 was found acceptable. Examination of the pattern of inter-factor correlations between different regulations suggested that a simplex-like pattern was displayed, which provided evidence for the nomological validity of C-BREQ-2. The results from multi-group confirmatory factor analysis suggested that the factor loadings and variances/ covariances of the C-BREQ-2 measurement model were invariant across the Chinese university students in the Mainland and Hong Kong of China. Conclusion： The current study provided further psychometric evidence for the C-BREQ-2, which makes the further application and research of self-determination theory （SDT） based motivation in relation to exercise and physical activity in the Mainland of China context possible.

On address term translation from the cognitive perspective

This paper studies the address term translation from the cognitive perspective. Concerning the difficulties in rendering the cultural connotations in address terms, the author introduces experiential view and culture model as the guidelines to solve the problems. The results show the significance of bridging the cultural gap in address term translation.