窄带成像-放大内镜在上消化道早期癌及癌前病变筛查中的应用研究

目的探究窄带成像-放大内镜(NBI-ME)在上消化道早期癌及癌前病变筛查中应用。方法选取2021年7月至2023年7月在许昌北海医院治疗的68例疑似为上消化道早期癌及癌前病变的患者,所有患者均接受常规内镜、NBI-ME检查,以病理结果作为金标准,分析诊断效能。结果68例疑似消化道早期癌及癌前病变患者经病理检查后,提示良性病变为8例,癌前病变22例、消化道早期癌18例、进展癌20例。NBI-ME诊断准确率、特异性为97.06%、100.00%,高于常规内镜(80.88%、62.50%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);NBI-ME敏感性(96.67%)高于常规内镜(83.33%),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);良性病变与肿瘤病变在NBI-ME镜下特征表现中,分界线、黏膜微血管、黏膜表面腺管、腺管密度增加及黏膜微血管密度增加存在差异,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);NBI-ME检查病变轮廓、消化道黏膜、微血管形态清晰程度高于常规内镜,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论NBI-ME用于上消化道早期癌及癌前病变筛查中具有较高诊断效能,特异度高,同时能提供清晰的图像以供于临床医师诊断,为临床诊断及治疗提供指导依据。

超声内镜联合窄带成像-放大内镜下JNET分型评估结直肠肿瘤性病变浸润深度的价值分析

目的:探讨超声内镜(EUS)联合窄带成像-放大内镜(NBI-ME)下JNET分型评估结直肠肿瘤性病变浸润深度的价值。方法:选择2020年1月至2023年1月我院收治的61例结直肠息肉样病变患者作为研究对象,患者术前均通过EUS检查评估黏膜浸润深度,均于NBI-ME下观察病变部位微血管微腺管进行JNET分型,并于内镜下进行手术治疗,手术标本组织送病理检查。以病理检查结果为标准,分析EUS、JNET分型单项及EUS+JNET分型联合判定肿瘤病变浸润深度的价值。结果:本组61例患者肿瘤性病灶70处。EUS、JNET分型联合评估结直肠肿瘤性病变浸润深度的敏感度为100.0%,特异性为90.91%,阳性预测值为93.33%,阴性预测值为100.0%。EUS、JNET分型单项与两项联合评估结直肠肿瘤性病变浸润深度与病理检查相比,Kappa值分别为0.598、0.582和0.842。结论:EUS联合NBI-ME下JNET分型评估结直肠肿瘤性病变浸润深度效果优于EUS及JNET分型单项评估,临床应用价值更大。

规范化语言在氩离子凝固术治疗Barrett食管术前心理护理的应用体会

总结规范化语言在46例内镜镜窄带成像辅助氩离子治疗Barrett食管术前的心理护理。窄带成像内镜下氩离子凝固术治疗Barrett食管,是一种创伤小、痛苦小、费用低的有效治疗方法;护士正确的术前心理护理是病人能否愿意接受治疗的关键。通过以心理护理为指导设计的规范化语言,实现对患者的心理调控及心理支持,以合理的解释、善意的劝导、真诚的抚慰,使患者达到最佳的心理状态来接受治疗。

Diagnostic utility of narrow-band imaging endoscopy for pharyngeal superfi cial carcinoma

AIM: To investigate the endoscopic features of pharyngeal superfi cial carcinoma and evaluate the utility of narrow-band imaging (NBI) for this disease. METHODS: In the present prospective study, 335 patients underwent conventional white light (CWL) en-doscopy and non-magnifi ed/magnifi ed NBI endoscopy, followed by an endoscopic biopsy, for 445 superfi cial lesions in the oropharynx and hypopharynx. The macroscopic appearance of superfi cial lesions was categorized as either elevated (< 5 mm in height), flat, or depressed (not ulcerous). Superficial carcinoma (SC) was defi ned as a superfi cial lesion showing high-grade dysplasia or squamous cell carcinoma on histology. The color, delineation, and macroscopic appearances of the lesions were evaluated by CWL endoscopy. The ratio of the brownish area/intervascular brownish epithelium (IBE), as well as microvascular proliferation, dilation, and irregularities, was determined by non-magnifi ed/ magnifi ed NBI endoscopy. An experienced pathologist who was unaware of the endoscopic fi ndings made the histological diagnoses. By comparing endoscopic fi ndings with histology, we determined the endoscopic features of SC and evaluated the diagnostic utility of NBI. RESULTS: The 445 lesions were divided histologically into two groups: a non-SC group, including non-neoplasia and low-grade dysplasia cases, and an SC group. Of the 445 lesions examined, 333 were classified as non-SC and 112 were classif ied as SC. There were no significant differences in age, gender, or the location of the lesions between the patients in the two groups. The mean diameter of the SC lesions was signif icantly greater than that of non-SC lesions (11.0 ± 7.6 mm vs 4.6 ± 3.6 mm, respectively, P < 0.001). Comparisons of CWL endoscopy fi ndings for SC and non-SC lesions by univariate analysis revealed that the incidence of redness (72% vs 41%, respectively, P < 0.001) and a flat or depressed type of lesion (58% vs 44%, respectively, P = 0.013) was significantly higher in the SC group. Using non-magnifi ed NBI endoscopy, the incidence of a brownish area was signifi cantly higher for SC lesions (79% vs 57%, respectively, P < 0.001). On magnifi ed NBI endoscopy, the incidence of IBE (68% vs 33%, P < 0.001) and microvascular proliferation (82% vs 51%, P < 0.001), dilation (90% vs 76%, P =0.002), and irregularity (82% vs 31%, P < 0.001) was also signifi cantly higher for the SC compared with the non-SC lesions. Multivariate analysis revealed that the incidence of redness (P = 0.022) on CWL endoscopy and IBE (P < 0.001) and microvascular irregularities (P < 0.001) on magnif ied NBI endoscopy was signif icantly higher in SC than non-SC lesions. Redness alone exhibited signifi cantly higher sensitivity and signifi cantly lower specifi city for the diagnosis of SC compared with redness plus IBE and microvascular irregularities (72% vs 52%, P = 0.002; and 59% vs 92%, P < 0.001, respectively). The accuracy of redness plus IBE and irregularities for the diagnosis of SC was signifi cantly greater than using redness alone (82% vs 62%, respectively, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Redness, IBE, and microvascular irregularities appear to be closely related to SC lesions. Magnifi ed NBI endoscopy may increase the diagnostic accuracy of CWL endoscopy for SC.

Narrow-band imaging endoscopy with and without magnification in diagnosis of colorectal neoplasia

AIM:To evaluate the diagnostic efficacies of narrowband imaging(NBI) endoscopy with and without high magnification in distinguishing neoplasia from nonneoplasia colorectal lesions.METHODS:A total of 118 patients with 123 colorectal lesions examined by NBI endoscopy in the Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital from September 2008 to April 2010 were enrolled in this study.These lesions were classified by pit pattern and capillary pattern,and then assessed by histopathology.RESULTS:Ten lesions not meeting the diagnostic criteria were excuded,the overall diagnostic accuracy of NBI endoscopy in distinguishing neoplasia from non-neoplasia colorectal lesions was 91.2%(103/113),and that of NBI endoscopy with and without high magnification was 93.0%(40/43) and 90.0%(63/70),respectively.Both were significantly higher than that of conventional colonoscopy reported in the literature(P < 0.05),but there was no significant difference between the two groups(P > 0.05).CONCLUSION:Besides NBI magnifying endoscopy,NBI endoscopy without magnification may also be used to distinguish neoplasia from non-neoplasia colorectal lesions.