目的探讨神经根造影加封闭(neurography and nerve root sealing,NNRS)的精确诊断在脊柱内镜镜下融合(Endo-P/TLIF)治疗多节段腰椎管狭窄合并腰椎失稳症中的应用。方法收集从2022年1月1日至6月21日广西中医药大学第一附属医院住院的多...目的探讨神经根造影加封闭(neurography and nerve root sealing,NNRS)的精确诊断在脊柱内镜镜下融合(Endo-P/TLIF)治疗多节段腰椎管狭窄合并腰椎失稳症中的应用。方法收集从2022年1月1日至6月21日广西中医药大学第一附属医院住院的多节段腰椎管狭窄合并腰椎失稳的患者共60例,所有患者术前均行神经根封闭造影确认责任节段并对其行Endo-P/TLIF治疗,随访6个月。记录患者的年龄、性别、病程、手术时间、术中出血、住院时间、下床时间;术前、术后、术后3个月和术后6个月的VAS评分、ODI评分、JOA评分、腰椎前凸角、椎间高度、硬膜横断面积、骶骨倾斜角、骨盆投射角、骨盆倾斜角;MRI提示、神经根封闭造影确认的责任节段和最终减压时的单节段、双节段、3节段及以上的例数,并进行统计学分析。结果所有患者均顺利完成手术,随访6个月过程中1例患者未按时复诊,1例患者失联,最终58例患者随访资料完整纳入统计。术后6个月改善率优55例,良2例,好转1例,总有效率100%。通过NNRS的责任节段得出单侧单节段、双侧单节段的责任神经节段明显多于腰椎MRI显示节段数,得出单侧、双侧双节段和3节段及以上的责任神经节段明显少于腰椎MRI显示节段数差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后VAS评分、ODI评分、JOA评分,VAS评分、ODI评分、JOA评分、腰椎前凸角、椎间高度、硬膜横断面积、骶骨倾斜角、骨盆倾斜角与术前相比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);骨盆投射角与术前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但仍有明显的改善。结论选择性NNRS的精确诊断的方法,能够在术前确认责任神经节段,在精确诊断的基础上运用Endo-P/TLIF手术方式治疗多节段腰椎管狭窄合并腰椎失稳症,责任节段精细减压,明显减小创伤和出血,缩短了住院时间,良好地恢复脊柱生理曲度,提高临床疗效,值得临床中广泛运用。展开更多
AIM:To validate high definition endoscopes with Fujinon intelligent chromoendoscopy(FICE) in colonoscopy.METHODS:The image quality of normal white light endoscopy(WLE),that of the 10 available FICE filters and that of...AIM:To validate high definition endoscopes with Fujinon intelligent chromoendoscopy(FICE) in colonoscopy.METHODS:The image quality of normal white light endoscopy(WLE),that of the 10 available FICE filters and that of a gold standard(0.2% indigo carmine dye) were compared.RESULTS:FICE-filter 4 [red,green,and blue(RGB) wavelengths of 520,500,and 405 nm,respectively] provided the best images for evaluating the vascular pattern compared to white light.The mucosal surface was best assessed using filter 4.However,the views obtained were not rated significantly better than those observed with white light.The "gold standard",indigo carmine(IC) dye,was found to be superior to both white light and filter 4.Filter 6(RGB wavelengths of 580,520,and 460 nm,respectively) allowed for exploration of the IC-stained mucosa.When assessing mucosal polyps,both FICE with magnification,and magnification following dye spraying were superior to the same techniques without magnification and to white light imaging.In the presence of suboptimal bowel preparation,observation with the FICE mode was possible,and endoscopists considered it to be superior to observation with white light.CONCLUSION:FICE-filter 4 with magnification improves the image quality of the colonic vascular patterns obtained with WLE.展开更多
AIM： to compare the feasibility and patients＇ tolerance of esophagogastroduodenoscopy （EGD） using a thin endoscope with those of conventional oral EGD and to determine the optimal route of introduction of smallcal...AIM： to compare the feasibility and patients＇ tolerance of esophagogastroduodenoscopy （EGD） using a thin endoscope with those of conventional oral EGD and to determine the optimal route of introduction of smallcaliber endoscopes. METHODS： One hundred and sixty outpatients referred for diagnostic EGD were randomly allocated to 3 groups： conventional （C）-EGD （9.8 mm in diameter）, transnasal （TN）-EGD and transoral （TO）-EGD （5.9 mm in diameter）. Pre-EGD anxiety was measured using a 100-mm visual analogue scale （VAS）. After EGD, patients and endoscopists completed a questionnaire on the pain, nausea, choking, overall discomfort, and quality of the examination either using VAS or answering some questions. The duration of EGD was timed. Blood oxygen saturation （SaO2） and heart rate （HR） were monitored during EGD. RESULTS： Twenty-one patients refused to participate in the study. The 3 groups were well-matched for age, gender, experience with EGD, and anxiety. EGD was completed in 91.1% （41/45）, 97.5% （40/41）, and 96.2% （51/53） of cases in TN-EGD, TO-EGD, and C-EGD groups, respectively. TN-EGD lasted longer （3.11 ± 1.60 min） than TO-EGD （2.25 ± 1.45 min） and C-EGD （2.49 ± 1.64 rain） （P 〈 0.05）. The overall tolerance was higher （P 〈 0.05） and the overall discomfort was lower （P 〈 0.05） in TN-EGD group than in C-EGD group. EGD was tolerated ＂better than expected＂ in 73.2% of patients in TN-EGD group and 55% and 39.2% of patients in TO-EGD and C-EGD groups, respectively （P 〈 0.05）. Endoscopy was tolerated ＂worst than expected＂ in 4.9% of patients in TN-EGD group and 17.5% and 23.5% of patients in TO- EGD and C-EGD groups, respectively （P 〈 0.05）. TN-EGD caused mild epistaxis in one case, The ability to insuffiate air, wash the lens, and suction of the thin endoscope were lower than those of conventional instrument （P 〈 0,001）, All biopsies performed were adequate for histological assessment. CONCLUSION： Diagnostic TN-EGD is better tolerated than C-EGD, Narrow-diameter endoscope has a level of diagnostic accuracy comparable to that of conventional gastroscope, even though some technical characteristics of these instruments should be improved, Transnasal EGD with narrow-diameter endoscope should be proposed to all patients undergoing diagnostic EGD.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate double balloon enteroscopy (DBE) in post-surgical patients to perform endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and interventions. METHODS: In 37 post-surgical patients, a stepwise approac...AIM: To evaluate double balloon enteroscopy (DBE) in post-surgical patients to perform endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and interventions. METHODS: In 37 post-surgical patients, a stepwise approach was performed to reach normal papilla or enteral anastomoses of the biliary tract/pancreas. When conventional endoscopy failed, DBE-based ERCP was performed and standard parameters for DBE, ERCP and interventions were recorded. RESULTS: Push-enteroscopy (overall, 16 procedures) reached enteral anastomoses only in six out of 37 post-surgical patients (16.2%). DBE achieved a high rate of luminal access to the biliary tract in 23 of the remaining 31 patients (74.1%) and to the pancreatic duct (three patients). Among all DBE-based ERCPs (86 procedures), 21/23 patients (91.3%) were successfully treated. Interventions included ostium incision or papillotomy in 6/23 (26%) and 7/23 patients (30.4%), respectively. Biliary endoprosthesis insertion and regular exchange was achieved in 17/23 (73.9%) and 7/23 patients (30.4%), respectively. Furthermore, bile duct stone extraction as well as ostium and papillary dilation were performed in 5/23 (21.7%) and 3/23 patients (13.0%), respectively. Complications during DBE-based procedures were bleeding (1.1%), perforation (2.3%) and pancreatitis (2.3%), and minor complications occurred in up to 19.1%. CONCLUSION: The appropriate use of DBE yields a high rate of luminal access to papilla or enteral anastomoses in more than two-thirds of post-surgical patients, allowing important successful endoscopic therapeutic interventions.展开更多
Intraductal endoscopy describes the use of an endoscope to directly visualize the biliary and pancreatic ducts. For many years, technological challenges have made performing these procedures difficult. The "mothe...Intraductal endoscopy describes the use of an endoscope to directly visualize the biliary and pancreatic ducts. For many years, technological challenges have made performing these procedures difficult. The "mother-baby" system and other various miniscopes have been developed, but routine use has been hampered due to complex setup, scope fragility and the time consuming, technically demanding nature of the procedure. Recently, the SpyGlass peroral cholangiopancreatoscopy system has shown early success at providing diagnostic information and therapeutic options. The clinical utility of intraductal endoscopy is broad. It allows better differentiation between benign and malignant processes by allowing direct visualization and targeted sampling of tissue. Therapeutic interventions, such as electrohydraulic lithotripsy (EHL), laser lithotripsy, photodynamic therapy, and argon plasma coagulation (APC), may also be performed as part of intraductal endoscopy. Intraductal endoscopy significantly increases the diagnostic and therapeutic yield of standard endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERCP), and as technology progresses, it is likely that its utilization will only increase. In this review of intraductal endoscopy, we describe in detail the various endoscopic platforms and their diagnostic and clinical applications.展开更多
AIM To examine whether high-flow nasal oxygen(HFNO) availability influences the use of general anesthesia(GA) in patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) and endoscopic ultrasound(EUS) ...AIM To examine whether high-flow nasal oxygen(HFNO) availability influences the use of general anesthesia(GA) in patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) and endoscopic ultrasound(EUS) and associated outcomes.METHODS In this retrospective study, patients were stratified into 3 eras between October 1, 2013 and June 30, 2014 based on HFNO availability for deep sedation at the time of their endoscopy. During the first and last 3-mo eras(era 1 and 3), no HFNO was available, whereas it was an option during the second 3-mo era(era 2). The primary outcome was the percent utilization of GA vs deep sedation in each period. Secondary outcomes included oxygen saturation nadir during sedation between periods, as well as procedure duration, and anesthesia-only time between periods and for GA vs sedation cases respectively.RESULTS During the study period 238 ERCP or EUS cases were identified for analysis. Statistical testing was employed and a P < 0.050 was significant unless the Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons was used. General anesthesia use was significantly lower in era 2 compared to era 1 with the same trend between era 2 and 3(P = 0.012 and 0.045 respectively). The oxygen saturation nadir during sedation was significantly higher in era 2 compared to era 3(P < 0.001) but not between eras 1 and 2(P = 0.028) or 1 and 3(P = 0.069). The procedure time within each era was significantly longer under GA compared to deep sedation(P ≤ 0.007) as was the anesthesia-only time(P ≤ 0.001).CONCLUSION High-flow nasal oxygen availability was associated with decreased GA utilization and improved oxygenation for ERCP and EUS during sedation.展开更多
AIM:To review the literature on capsule endoscopy(CE) for detecting esophageal varices using conventional esophagogas troduodenoscopy(EGD)as the standard. METHODS:A strict literature search of studies comparing the yi...AIM:To review the literature on capsule endoscopy(CE) for detecting esophageal varices using conventional esophagogas troduodenoscopy(EGD)as the standard. METHODS:A strict literature search of studies comparing the yield of CE and EGD in patients diagnosed or suspected as having esophageal varices was conducted by both computer search and manual search.Data were extracted to estimate the pooled diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS:There were seven studies appropriate for meta-analysis in our study,involving 446 patients. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of CE for detecting esophageal varices were 85.8%and 80.5%, respectively.In subgroup analysis,the pooled sensitivity and specificity were 82.7%and 54.8%in screened patients,and 87.3%and 84.7%in the screened/ patients under surveillance,respectively. CONCLUSION:CE appears to have acceptable sensitivity and specificity in detecting esophageal varices.However,data are insufficient to determine the accurate diagnostic value of CE in the screen/ surveillance of patients alone.展开更多
文摘目的探讨神经根造影加封闭(neurography and nerve root sealing,NNRS)的精确诊断在脊柱内镜镜下融合(Endo-P/TLIF)治疗多节段腰椎管狭窄合并腰椎失稳症中的应用。方法收集从2022年1月1日至6月21日广西中医药大学第一附属医院住院的多节段腰椎管狭窄合并腰椎失稳的患者共60例,所有患者术前均行神经根封闭造影确认责任节段并对其行Endo-P/TLIF治疗,随访6个月。记录患者的年龄、性别、病程、手术时间、术中出血、住院时间、下床时间;术前、术后、术后3个月和术后6个月的VAS评分、ODI评分、JOA评分、腰椎前凸角、椎间高度、硬膜横断面积、骶骨倾斜角、骨盆投射角、骨盆倾斜角;MRI提示、神经根封闭造影确认的责任节段和最终减压时的单节段、双节段、3节段及以上的例数,并进行统计学分析。结果所有患者均顺利完成手术,随访6个月过程中1例患者未按时复诊,1例患者失联,最终58例患者随访资料完整纳入统计。术后6个月改善率优55例,良2例,好转1例,总有效率100%。通过NNRS的责任节段得出单侧单节段、双侧单节段的责任神经节段明显多于腰椎MRI显示节段数,得出单侧、双侧双节段和3节段及以上的责任神经节段明显少于腰椎MRI显示节段数差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后VAS评分、ODI评分、JOA评分,VAS评分、ODI评分、JOA评分、腰椎前凸角、椎间高度、硬膜横断面积、骶骨倾斜角、骨盆倾斜角与术前相比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);骨盆投射角与术前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但仍有明显的改善。结论选择性NNRS的精确诊断的方法,能够在术前确认责任神经节段,在精确诊断的基础上运用Endo-P/TLIF手术方式治疗多节段腰椎管狭窄合并腰椎失稳症,责任节段精细减压,明显减小创伤和出血,缩短了住院时间,良好地恢复脊柱生理曲度,提高临床疗效,值得临床中广泛运用。
基金Supported by Consejería de Educación,Cultura y Deportes,Gobierno de Canarias PI2002/138,the Instituto de Salud Carlos III C03/02
文摘AIM:To validate high definition endoscopes with Fujinon intelligent chromoendoscopy(FICE) in colonoscopy.METHODS:The image quality of normal white light endoscopy(WLE),that of the 10 available FICE filters and that of a gold standard(0.2% indigo carmine dye) were compared.RESULTS:FICE-filter 4 [red,green,and blue(RGB) wavelengths of 520,500,and 405 nm,respectively] provided the best images for evaluating the vascular pattern compared to white light.The mucosal surface was best assessed using filter 4.However,the views obtained were not rated significantly better than those observed with white light.The "gold standard",indigo carmine(IC) dye,was found to be superior to both white light and filter 4.Filter 6(RGB wavelengths of 580,520,and 460 nm,respectively) allowed for exploration of the IC-stained mucosa.When assessing mucosal polyps,both FICE with magnification,and magnification following dye spraying were superior to the same techniques without magnification and to white light imaging.In the presence of suboptimal bowel preparation,observation with the FICE mode was possible,and endoscopists considered it to be superior to observation with white light.CONCLUSION:FICE-filter 4 with magnification improves the image quality of the colonic vascular patterns obtained with WLE.
文摘AIM： to compare the feasibility and patients＇ tolerance of esophagogastroduodenoscopy （EGD） using a thin endoscope with those of conventional oral EGD and to determine the optimal route of introduction of smallcaliber endoscopes. METHODS： One hundred and sixty outpatients referred for diagnostic EGD were randomly allocated to 3 groups： conventional （C）-EGD （9.8 mm in diameter）, transnasal （TN）-EGD and transoral （TO）-EGD （5.9 mm in diameter）. Pre-EGD anxiety was measured using a 100-mm visual analogue scale （VAS）. After EGD, patients and endoscopists completed a questionnaire on the pain, nausea, choking, overall discomfort, and quality of the examination either using VAS or answering some questions. The duration of EGD was timed. Blood oxygen saturation （SaO2） and heart rate （HR） were monitored during EGD. RESULTS： Twenty-one patients refused to participate in the study. The 3 groups were well-matched for age, gender, experience with EGD, and anxiety. EGD was completed in 91.1% （41/45）, 97.5% （40/41）, and 96.2% （51/53） of cases in TN-EGD, TO-EGD, and C-EGD groups, respectively. TN-EGD lasted longer （3.11 ± 1.60 min） than TO-EGD （2.25 ± 1.45 min） and C-EGD （2.49 ± 1.64 rain） （P 〈 0.05）. The overall tolerance was higher （P 〈 0.05） and the overall discomfort was lower （P 〈 0.05） in TN-EGD group than in C-EGD group. EGD was tolerated ＂better than expected＂ in 73.2% of patients in TN-EGD group and 55% and 39.2% of patients in TO-EGD and C-EGD groups, respectively （P 〈 0.05）. Endoscopy was tolerated ＂worst than expected＂ in 4.9% of patients in TN-EGD group and 17.5% and 23.5% of patients in TO- EGD and C-EGD groups, respectively （P 〈 0.05）. TN-EGD caused mild epistaxis in one case, The ability to insuffiate air, wash the lens, and suction of the thin endoscope were lower than those of conventional instrument （P 〈 0,001）, All biopsies performed were adequate for histological assessment. CONCLUSION： Diagnostic TN-EGD is better tolerated than C-EGD, Narrow-diameter endoscope has a level of diagnostic accuracy comparable to that of conventional gastroscope, even though some technical characteristics of these instruments should be improved, Transnasal EGD with narrow-diameter endoscope should be proposed to all patients undergoing diagnostic EGD.
文摘AIM: To evaluate double balloon enteroscopy (DBE) in post-surgical patients to perform endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and interventions. METHODS: In 37 post-surgical patients, a stepwise approach was performed to reach normal papilla or enteral anastomoses of the biliary tract/pancreas. When conventional endoscopy failed, DBE-based ERCP was performed and standard parameters for DBE, ERCP and interventions were recorded. RESULTS: Push-enteroscopy (overall, 16 procedures) reached enteral anastomoses only in six out of 37 post-surgical patients (16.2%). DBE achieved a high rate of luminal access to the biliary tract in 23 of the remaining 31 patients (74.1%) and to the pancreatic duct (three patients). Among all DBE-based ERCPs (86 procedures), 21/23 patients (91.3%) were successfully treated. Interventions included ostium incision or papillotomy in 6/23 (26%) and 7/23 patients (30.4%), respectively. Biliary endoprosthesis insertion and regular exchange was achieved in 17/23 (73.9%) and 7/23 patients (30.4%), respectively. Furthermore, bile duct stone extraction as well as ostium and papillary dilation were performed in 5/23 (21.7%) and 3/23 patients (13.0%), respectively. Complications during DBE-based procedures were bleeding (1.1%), perforation (2.3%) and pancreatitis (2.3%), and minor complications occurred in up to 19.1%. CONCLUSION: The appropriate use of DBE yields a high rate of luminal access to papilla or enteral anastomoses in more than two-thirds of post-surgical patients, allowing important successful endoscopic therapeutic interventions.
文摘Intraductal endoscopy describes the use of an endoscope to directly visualize the biliary and pancreatic ducts. For many years, technological challenges have made performing these procedures difficult. The "mother-baby" system and other various miniscopes have been developed, but routine use has been hampered due to complex setup, scope fragility and the time consuming, technically demanding nature of the procedure. Recently, the SpyGlass peroral cholangiopancreatoscopy system has shown early success at providing diagnostic information and therapeutic options. The clinical utility of intraductal endoscopy is broad. It allows better differentiation between benign and malignant processes by allowing direct visualization and targeted sampling of tissue. Therapeutic interventions, such as electrohydraulic lithotripsy (EHL), laser lithotripsy, photodynamic therapy, and argon plasma coagulation (APC), may also be performed as part of intraductal endoscopy. Intraductal endoscopy significantly increases the diagnostic and therapeutic yield of standard endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERCP), and as technology progresses, it is likely that its utilization will only increase. In this review of intraductal endoscopy, we describe in detail the various endoscopic platforms and their diagnostic and clinical applications.
基金Supported by The Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine,Tufts Medical Center,Boston,United States
文摘AIM To examine whether high-flow nasal oxygen(HFNO) availability influences the use of general anesthesia(GA) in patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) and endoscopic ultrasound(EUS) and associated outcomes.METHODS In this retrospective study, patients were stratified into 3 eras between October 1, 2013 and June 30, 2014 based on HFNO availability for deep sedation at the time of their endoscopy. During the first and last 3-mo eras(era 1 and 3), no HFNO was available, whereas it was an option during the second 3-mo era(era 2). The primary outcome was the percent utilization of GA vs deep sedation in each period. Secondary outcomes included oxygen saturation nadir during sedation between periods, as well as procedure duration, and anesthesia-only time between periods and for GA vs sedation cases respectively.RESULTS During the study period 238 ERCP or EUS cases were identified for analysis. Statistical testing was employed and a P < 0.050 was significant unless the Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons was used. General anesthesia use was significantly lower in era 2 compared to era 1 with the same trend between era 2 and 3(P = 0.012 and 0.045 respectively). The oxygen saturation nadir during sedation was significantly higher in era 2 compared to era 3(P < 0.001) but not between eras 1 and 2(P = 0.028) or 1 and 3(P = 0.069). The procedure time within each era was significantly longer under GA compared to deep sedation(P ≤ 0.007) as was the anesthesia-only time(P ≤ 0.001).CONCLUSION High-flow nasal oxygen availability was associated with decreased GA utilization and improved oxygenation for ERCP and EUS during sedation.
基金Supported by Shanghai Educational Development Foundation Shanghai Chenguang Project,No.2007CG49
文摘AIM:To review the literature on capsule endoscopy(CE) for detecting esophageal varices using conventional esophagogas troduodenoscopy(EGD)as the standard. METHODS:A strict literature search of studies comparing the yield of CE and EGD in patients diagnosed or suspected as having esophageal varices was conducted by both computer search and manual search.Data were extracted to estimate the pooled diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS:There were seven studies appropriate for meta-analysis in our study,involving 446 patients. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of CE for detecting esophageal varices were 85.8%and 80.5%, respectively.In subgroup analysis,the pooled sensitivity and specificity were 82.7%and 54.8%in screened patients,and 87.3%and 84.7%in the screened/ patients under surveillance,respectively. CONCLUSION:CE appears to have acceptable sensitivity and specificity in detecting esophageal varices.However,data are insufficient to determine the accurate diagnostic value of CE in the screen/ surveillance of patients alone.
