A cDNA, designated as rtSH3p13, was isolated from a rat testis cDNA library. It consists of 1463 bp nuclear acids,which encodes a protein of 312 amino acids and was assigned the GenBank accession number AF227439. The ...A cDNA, designated as rtSH3p13, was isolated from a rat testis cDNA library. It consists of 1463 bp nuclear acids,which encodes a protein of 312 amino acids and was assigned the GenBank accession number AF227439. The deduced rtSH3p13 protein is a truncated isoform of SH3p13 as a result of mRNA alternative splicing. It is mainly expressed in the rat testis, detected in spermatids at the steps 8-19 of spermiogenesis, and found around the acrosome. During postnatal development, rtSH3p13 appears on day 18 and reaches maximum on day 60. Further experimental results suggested that rtSH3p13 forms a complex with activated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and interacts with synaptojanin I. Surprisingly, similar to SH3 domain, the V region of rtSH3p13 also inhibits endocytosis in CHO cells.Our results reveal a link between an rtSH3p13-synaptojanin-clathrin complex-mediated formation of pits and the process of spermiogenesis.展开更多
AIM:To assess whether glutamate plays a similar role to glutamine in preserving gut wall integrity.METHODS:The effects of glutamine and glutamate on induced hyperpermeability in intestinal cell lines were studied.Para...AIM:To assess whether glutamate plays a similar role to glutamine in preserving gut wall integrity.METHODS:The effects of glutamine and glutamate on induced hyperpermeability in intestinal cell lines were studied.Paracellular hyperpermeability was induced in Caco2.BBE and HT-29CL.19A cell lines by adding phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate(PDB) apically,after which the effects of glutamine and glutamate on horseradish peroxidase(HRP) diffusion were studied.An inhibitor of glutamate transport(L-trans-pyrrolidine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid:trans-PDC) and an irreversible blocker(acivicin) of the extracellular glutamine to glutamate converting enzyme,γ-glutamyltransferase,were used.RESULTS:Apical to basolateral HRP flux increased significantly compared to controls not exposed to PDB (n=30,P<0.001).Glutamine application reduced hyperpermeability by 19%and 39%in the respective cell lines.Glutamate application reduced hyperpermeability by 30%and 20%,respectively.Incubation of HT29CL.19A cells with acivicin and subsequent PDB and glutamine addition increased permeability levels.Incubation of Caco2.BBE cells with trans-PDC followed by PDB and glutamate addition also resulted in high permeability levels.CONCLUSION:Apical glutamate-similar to glutaminecan decrease induced paracellular hyperpermeability.Extracellular conversion of glutamine to glutamate and subsequent uptake of glutamate could be a pivotal step in the mechanism underlying the protective effect of glutamine.展开更多
This article aims to assess the spatial distribution of the IST （internal surface temperatures） in the ceiling and DBT （dry bulb temperatures） of a LGR （light green roof） in a test cell. Cover systems known as g...This article aims to assess the spatial distribution of the IST （internal surface temperatures） in the ceiling and DBT （dry bulb temperatures） of a LGR （light green roof） in a test cell. Cover systems known as green roofs have the potential to retain rainwater and help reduce runoff. However, the characteristic considered in this work is the insulation capacity of this kind of coverage. To evaluate the spatial distribution of temperatures in an environment with light green roof, we proposed a new method for acquisition of series of climatological data and temperatures according to spatial and temporal approaches of dynamic climatology. Climatological data were provided by an automatic weather station and temperatures were collected in a test cell with light green roof. The spatial distribution of surface temperatures and internal air temperature （DBT） are based on the concepts of a climatic episode and typical experimental day from the study of the dynamic climatology. The results led to the conclusion that the light green roof has a balanced spatial distribution of the IST and of the internal air temperature （DBT）, i.e., without substantial variations over the day. The new methodology also showed the importance of specifying the location of the sensors and automatic weather station in experimental studies on the thermal behaviour of buildings.展开更多
Passive strategies for acclimatization of buildings have been studied by several authors in many countries, especially the evaporative and radiant cooling techniques. Fiber cement tiles are very common in popular cons...Passive strategies for acclimatization of buildings have been studied by several authors in many countries, especially the evaporative and radiant cooling techniques. Fiber cement tiles are very common in popular constructions due to their low cost. However, they have over twice of the value thermal transmittance indicated to this bioclimatic zone according to Brazilian guidelines. The objective is to present an alternative to reduce high temperatures on fiber cement tiles. In this paper, the monitoring of passive cooling of roofing during the spring season in a city with subtropical climate is described. Single and combined reflective and evaporative cooling systems were studied in different environmental conditions. Internal surface temperatures of tiles were monitored together with weather variables. Results show a decrease of about 6 ℃, 9 ℃, 10 ℃ and 11 ℃ as compared to the original tiles according to environment conditions and the combined passive cooling techniques. These results allow for the conclusion that the use of passive cooling techniques opens up new possibilities to attenuate the internal surface temperatures of tiles and to consequently decrease the roofing solar heat gain into buildings, thus, providing less air cooling energy consumption.展开更多
Rain water harvesting offers a wealth of promising possibilities for many countries. This paper describes a study in which rainwater harvested from the rooftop is used for recharging groundwater in a household well in...Rain water harvesting offers a wealth of promising possibilities for many countries. This paper describes a study in which rainwater harvested from the rooftop is used for recharging groundwater in a household well in Ibadan. A rainwater harvesting structure was designed to be 1.2 m deep, 2.6 m long and 0.66 m wide, filled with gravel and fine sand at different layers. Rainwater harvested in a storage tank is passed with the aid of a hose pipe to the rainwater harvesting structure on a daily basis to recharge the groundwater in the well. A well in the neighborhood serves as control for this experiment, which went on for a month. The volume of rainwater used to recharge the groundwater in the well was recorded daily for the study period. The results indicated that using rainwater to recharge the groundwater in the well led to conservation of the water in the well through reduced evaporation. Thus, the well yields water all the year round as compared to the control well that dries up during the dry season.展开更多
The shipbuilding industry is booming and the health problems of workers caused by the harsh indoor dock environmentforce us to explore efficient and reasonable ventilation methods suitable for large workshops.Due to t...The shipbuilding industry is booming and the health problems of workers caused by the harsh indoor dock environmentforce us to explore efficient and reasonable ventilation methods suitable for large workshops.Due to the strongspecificity of large workshops,general or local ventilation methods cannot be universally applied.It has great potentialand good economy to improve indoor environment by changing natural ventilation design.Computational fluiddynamics(CFD)has gradually become a powerful tool for predicting indoor and outdoor airflow organization andoptimizing indoor ventilation.This paper adopts CFD to study the effect of the inflow wind speed,the position of theside wall shutters,the area ratio and form of roof ventilators on the effectiveness of natural ventilation in a large shipyarddriven by wind pressure.The results show that the influence on total ventilation volume is more obvious whenthe intake side is shaded than the exhaust side.Different incoming wind speeds will affect the wind pressure at theventilation position,which is the decisive external factor affecting the natural ventilation of docks.When the area ratioof roof ventilators increases to a certain extent,its continued increase has an insignificant effect on the total ventilationvolume.The influence of changing the arrangement of the roof ventilator on the natural ventilation effect can beneglected when the area ratio is kept constant.展开更多
Objective Electrophysiological examination of the ipsilateral pretectotectal projection has proved that pretectal cells elicit strong suppressive responses to the ipsilateral tectum.However,the neural mechanisms under...Objective Electrophysiological examination of the ipsilateral pretectotectal projection has proved that pretectal cells elicit strong suppressive responses to the ipsilateral tectum.However,the neural mechanisms underlying the contralateral pretectotectal prejection are still obscure.The present study aimed to examine the synaptic nature of pretectal nuclei and contralateral tectal cells,and to demonstrate the spatiotemporal pattern of neuronal activity in the 2 main brain structures. Methods Intracellular recording and current source density（CSD）analysis were used to test the complexity of neuronal mechanism of pretectotectal information transfer.Results The pretectal stimulation elicited only one type of response on the contralateral tectum,the inhibitory postsynaptic potential（IPSP）.The majority of contra-induced IPSPs were assumed to be polysynaptically driven.In the CSD analysis,only one sink with short latency was observed in each profile.The ipsilateral projection produced a prominent monosynaptic sink in layer 8 of tectum.Recipient neurons were located in layers 6 and 7 of tectum.The result confirmed former findings from ipsilateral intracellular recordings.Conclusion These results suggest the following neuronal circuit：afferents from the pretectal nuclei broadly inhibit both tectal neuron,and since no second sink occurs in tectal layers,the pretectotectal excitatory afferents probably do not extend over the whole tectum,but are within limited state.The results of intracellular recording and CSD analysis further provide evidence of how pretectal afferent activity flows within the tectal laminae.展开更多
基金This study was supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30240019,30300060)National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(No.2001 AA221I31)+1 种基金Major State Basic Research Project(No.Gl 999055901)State Ministry of Science and Technology Program(No.2002BA7llA0l).
文摘A cDNA, designated as rtSH3p13, was isolated from a rat testis cDNA library. It consists of 1463 bp nuclear acids,which encodes a protein of 312 amino acids and was assigned the GenBank accession number AF227439. The deduced rtSH3p13 protein is a truncated isoform of SH3p13 as a result of mRNA alternative splicing. It is mainly expressed in the rat testis, detected in spermatids at the steps 8-19 of spermiogenesis, and found around the acrosome. During postnatal development, rtSH3p13 appears on day 18 and reaches maximum on day 60. Further experimental results suggested that rtSH3p13 forms a complex with activated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and interacts with synaptojanin I. Surprisingly, similar to SH3 domain, the V region of rtSH3p13 also inhibits endocytosis in CHO cells.Our results reveal a link between an rtSH3p13-synaptojanin-clathrin complex-mediated formation of pits and the process of spermiogenesis.
基金Supported by VU University Medical Center,Amsterdam,The Netherlands
文摘AIM:To assess whether glutamate plays a similar role to glutamine in preserving gut wall integrity.METHODS:The effects of glutamine and glutamate on induced hyperpermeability in intestinal cell lines were studied.Paracellular hyperpermeability was induced in Caco2.BBE and HT-29CL.19A cell lines by adding phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate(PDB) apically,after which the effects of glutamine and glutamate on horseradish peroxidase(HRP) diffusion were studied.An inhibitor of glutamate transport(L-trans-pyrrolidine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid:trans-PDC) and an irreversible blocker(acivicin) of the extracellular glutamine to glutamate converting enzyme,γ-glutamyltransferase,were used.RESULTS:Apical to basolateral HRP flux increased significantly compared to controls not exposed to PDB (n=30,P<0.001).Glutamine application reduced hyperpermeability by 19%and 39%in the respective cell lines.Glutamate application reduced hyperpermeability by 30%and 20%,respectively.Incubation of HT29CL.19A cells with acivicin and subsequent PDB and glutamine addition increased permeability levels.Incubation of Caco2.BBE cells with trans-PDC followed by PDB and glutamate addition also resulted in high permeability levels.CONCLUSION:Apical glutamate-similar to glutaminecan decrease induced paracellular hyperpermeability.Extracellular conversion of glutamine to glutamate and subsequent uptake of glutamate could be a pivotal step in the mechanism underlying the protective effect of glutamine.
文摘This article aims to assess the spatial distribution of the IST （internal surface temperatures） in the ceiling and DBT （dry bulb temperatures） of a LGR （light green roof） in a test cell. Cover systems known as green roofs have the potential to retain rainwater and help reduce runoff. However, the characteristic considered in this work is the insulation capacity of this kind of coverage. To evaluate the spatial distribution of temperatures in an environment with light green roof, we proposed a new method for acquisition of series of climatological data and temperatures according to spatial and temporal approaches of dynamic climatology. Climatological data were provided by an automatic weather station and temperatures were collected in a test cell with light green roof. The spatial distribution of surface temperatures and internal air temperature （DBT） are based on the concepts of a climatic episode and typical experimental day from the study of the dynamic climatology. The results led to the conclusion that the light green roof has a balanced spatial distribution of the IST and of the internal air temperature （DBT）, i.e., without substantial variations over the day. The new methodology also showed the importance of specifying the location of the sensors and automatic weather station in experimental studies on the thermal behaviour of buildings.
文摘Passive strategies for acclimatization of buildings have been studied by several authors in many countries, especially the evaporative and radiant cooling techniques. Fiber cement tiles are very common in popular constructions due to their low cost. However, they have over twice of the value thermal transmittance indicated to this bioclimatic zone according to Brazilian guidelines. The objective is to present an alternative to reduce high temperatures on fiber cement tiles. In this paper, the monitoring of passive cooling of roofing during the spring season in a city with subtropical climate is described. Single and combined reflective and evaporative cooling systems were studied in different environmental conditions. Internal surface temperatures of tiles were monitored together with weather variables. Results show a decrease of about 6 ℃, 9 ℃, 10 ℃ and 11 ℃ as compared to the original tiles according to environment conditions and the combined passive cooling techniques. These results allow for the conclusion that the use of passive cooling techniques opens up new possibilities to attenuate the internal surface temperatures of tiles and to consequently decrease the roofing solar heat gain into buildings, thus, providing less air cooling energy consumption.
文摘Rain water harvesting offers a wealth of promising possibilities for many countries. This paper describes a study in which rainwater harvested from the rooftop is used for recharging groundwater in a household well in Ibadan. A rainwater harvesting structure was designed to be 1.2 m deep, 2.6 m long and 0.66 m wide, filled with gravel and fine sand at different layers. Rainwater harvested in a storage tank is passed with the aid of a hose pipe to the rainwater harvesting structure on a daily basis to recharge the groundwater in the well. A well in the neighborhood serves as control for this experiment, which went on for a month. The volume of rainwater used to recharge the groundwater in the well was recorded daily for the study period. The results indicated that using rainwater to recharge the groundwater in the well led to conservation of the water in the well through reduced evaporation. Thus, the well yields water all the year round as compared to the control well that dries up during the dry season.
基金supported by Shanghai 2020“Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan”for Social Development Science and Technology Research Project under the project number of 20DZ1207802.
文摘The shipbuilding industry is booming and the health problems of workers caused by the harsh indoor dock environmentforce us to explore efficient and reasonable ventilation methods suitable for large workshops.Due to the strongspecificity of large workshops,general or local ventilation methods cannot be universally applied.It has great potentialand good economy to improve indoor environment by changing natural ventilation design.Computational fluiddynamics(CFD)has gradually become a powerful tool for predicting indoor and outdoor airflow organization andoptimizing indoor ventilation.This paper adopts CFD to study the effect of the inflow wind speed,the position of theside wall shutters,the area ratio and form of roof ventilators on the effectiveness of natural ventilation in a large shipyarddriven by wind pressure.The results show that the influence on total ventilation volume is more obvious whenthe intake side is shaded than the exhaust side.Different incoming wind speeds will affect the wind pressure at theventilation position,which is the decisive external factor affecting the natural ventilation of docks.When the area ratioof roof ventilators increases to a certain extent,its continued increase has an insignificant effect on the total ventilationvolume.The influence of changing the arrangement of the roof ventilator on the natural ventilation effect can beneglected when the area ratio is kept constant.
基金supported by the 21st Century program,Committee of Education of Japan at the Kyushu Institute of Technology,and the Health Bureau of Shangdong Province,China
文摘Objective Electrophysiological examination of the ipsilateral pretectotectal projection has proved that pretectal cells elicit strong suppressive responses to the ipsilateral tectum.However,the neural mechanisms underlying the contralateral pretectotectal prejection are still obscure.The present study aimed to examine the synaptic nature of pretectal nuclei and contralateral tectal cells,and to demonstrate the spatiotemporal pattern of neuronal activity in the 2 main brain structures. Methods Intracellular recording and current source density（CSD）analysis were used to test the complexity of neuronal mechanism of pretectotectal information transfer.Results The pretectal stimulation elicited only one type of response on the contralateral tectum,the inhibitory postsynaptic potential（IPSP）.The majority of contra-induced IPSPs were assumed to be polysynaptically driven.In the CSD analysis,only one sink with short latency was observed in each profile.The ipsilateral projection produced a prominent monosynaptic sink in layer 8 of tectum.Recipient neurons were located in layers 6 and 7 of tectum.The result confirmed former findings from ipsilateral intracellular recordings.Conclusion These results suggest the following neuronal circuit：afferents from the pretectal nuclei broadly inhibit both tectal neuron,and since no second sink occurs in tectal layers,the pretectotectal excitatory afferents probably do not extend over the whole tectum,but are within limited state.The results of intracellular recording and CSD analysis further provide evidence of how pretectal afferent activity flows within the tectal laminae.
