An efficient genetic transformation system is a preparation for Rosa multi-flora Thunb. var. cathayensis Rehd. et Wils to diversify its flower color through ge-netic engineering. We firstly optimized the explants and ...An efficient genetic transformation system is a preparation for Rosa multi-flora Thunb. var. cathayensis Rehd. et Wils to diversify its flower color through ge-netic engineering. We firstly optimized the explants and culture conditions on callus induction, hormone concentrations and dark period of culture time on bud differentia-tions in particular, with sterilized seedlings to establish the regeneration system of R. multiflora. It showed that callus induction frequency reached 100% after the ex-plants being cultured in dark for 21 d when MS was chosen to be the initial culture medium. The bud differentiation rate was 48% after cal i being cultured under dark for 8 d on MS medium supplemented with TDZ （1.5 mg/L） and NAA （0.05 mg/L）. The cal i was used as the explants that were infected with Agrobacterium tumefa-ciens harboring a DFR-RNAi construct. The transformation rate reached as high as 50%. The establishment of a highly efficient rose gene transformation system out-lined in this report is prerequisite for genetic improvement in rose flower colors.展开更多
The carboxyl terminal of sodium oleate has a stronger polarity than that of oleic acid;this terminal is more likely to be dipole polarized and ionically conductive in a microwave field.Sodium oleate was used as the mo...The carboxyl terminal of sodium oleate has a stronger polarity than that of oleic acid;this terminal is more likely to be dipole polarized and ionically conductive in a microwave field.Sodium oleate was used as the model compound to study the decarboxylation of oleic acid leading to hydrocarbon formation via microwave-assisted pyrolysis technology.The pyrolysis gas,liquid,and solid products were precisely analyzed to deduce the mechanism for decarboxylation of sodium oleate.Microwave energy was able to selectively heat the carboxyl terminal of sodium oleate.During decarboxylation,the double bond in the long hydrocarbon chain formed a p-πconjugated system with the carbanion intermediate.The resulting p-πconjugated system was more stable and beneficial to the pyrolysis reaction(decarboxylation,terminal allylation,isomerization,and aromatization).The physical properties of pyrolysis liquid were generally similar to those of diesel fuel,thereby demonstrating the possible use of microwaves for controlling the decarboxylation of sodium oleate in order to manufacture renewable hydrocarbon fuels.展开更多
China face on the serious situation about the population aging. The e-employment of elderly has become one of the approach to positively response to population aging. This paper attempts to put the elderly into the wh...China face on the serious situation about the population aging. The e-employment of elderly has become one of the approach to positively response to population aging. This paper attempts to put the elderly into the whole social system under the standpoint ofholism, then, analyze the reason of re-employment of elderly for integration and Macro from different perspective, thus, look for the significance of re-employment of elderly. Based on this, the paper put forward the suggestion for the development of the re-employment of elderly.展开更多
基金Supported by the State Bureau of Forestry 948 Project(P2009-4-25)~~
文摘An efficient genetic transformation system is a preparation for Rosa multi-flora Thunb. var. cathayensis Rehd. et Wils to diversify its flower color through ge-netic engineering. We firstly optimized the explants and culture conditions on callus induction, hormone concentrations and dark period of culture time on bud differentia-tions in particular, with sterilized seedlings to establish the regeneration system of R. multiflora. It showed that callus induction frequency reached 100% after the ex-plants being cultured in dark for 21 d when MS was chosen to be the initial culture medium. The bud differentiation rate was 48% after cal i being cultured under dark for 8 d on MS medium supplemented with TDZ （1.5 mg/L） and NAA （0.05 mg/L）. The cal i was used as the explants that were infected with Agrobacterium tumefa-ciens harboring a DFR-RNAi construct. The transformation rate reached as high as 50%. The establishment of a highly efficient rose gene transformation system out-lined in this report is prerequisite for genetic improvement in rose flower colors.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21266022)the National High Technology Research and Development Program 863(2012AA101800-03+4 种基金2012AA02120562012AA021704)the International Cooperation of Jiangxi Province(No.20101208)the International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China(No.2010DFB63750)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(No.2008GZH0047)
文摘The carboxyl terminal of sodium oleate has a stronger polarity than that of oleic acid;this terminal is more likely to be dipole polarized and ionically conductive in a microwave field.Sodium oleate was used as the model compound to study the decarboxylation of oleic acid leading to hydrocarbon formation via microwave-assisted pyrolysis technology.The pyrolysis gas,liquid,and solid products were precisely analyzed to deduce the mechanism for decarboxylation of sodium oleate.Microwave energy was able to selectively heat the carboxyl terminal of sodium oleate.During decarboxylation,the double bond in the long hydrocarbon chain formed a p-πconjugated system with the carbanion intermediate.The resulting p-πconjugated system was more stable and beneficial to the pyrolysis reaction(decarboxylation,terminal allylation,isomerization,and aromatization).The physical properties of pyrolysis liquid were generally similar to those of diesel fuel,thereby demonstrating the possible use of microwaves for controlling the decarboxylation of sodium oleate in order to manufacture renewable hydrocarbon fuels.
文摘China face on the serious situation about the population aging. The e-employment of elderly has become one of the approach to positively response to population aging. This paper attempts to put the elderly into the whole social system under the standpoint ofholism, then, analyze the reason of re-employment of elderly for integration and Macro from different perspective, thus, look for the significance of re-employment of elderly. Based on this, the paper put forward the suggestion for the development of the re-employment of elderly.
