This paper describes a virtual environment, which can present dynamic force transformation during the control of objects. A 5-DOF haptic interface with the capability to generate kinesthetic effect is combined. In thi...This paper describes a virtual environment, which can present dynamic force transformation during the control of objects. A 5-DOF haptic interface with the capability to generate kinesthetic effect is combined. In this system, the operator manipulates an object in a virtual environment by using the 5-DOF master arm. When contacting with the virtual object, the contact force can be calculated and shown in the graphic interface. The contact response and deformation of the virtual object, which are usually called haptic rendering, also can be performed. The study supplies an approach to improve the operator’s immersion and can be used in many tele-robot control fields.展开更多
Objective: To establish a reformative detection system which has sound ability of providing information on molecular mutagenesis spectrum and the specificity of detection system of repackaged λ phage. Methods: LacZ g...Objective: To establish a reformative detection system which has sound ability of providing information on molecular mutagenesis spectrum and the specificity of detection system of repackaged λ phage. Methods: LacZ gene, as mutational target gene and reporter gene, was applied into the detection system. The λ gt11 DNA treated with ENU (1-ethyl-1-nitrosourea) and 9-AA (9-aminoacridine) was repackaged in vitro. The packaged λ phage was then grown in E. coli Y1090 on a selective plate containing X-gel and IPTG. The survival and mutation frequencies were determined by counting the clear-plaque and blue-plaque, and the molecular mutation mechanism was studied by extracting and sequencing the LacZ gene of mutants. Results: The survival of repackaged λ phages treated with 9-AA and ENU apparently decreased in consistent dose-dependence. The mutation frequency of clear-plaque mutants showed a linear dose-related increase. The predominant mutations induced by 9-AA were ± 1 frameshift mutation, and 9-AA induced - 1 frameshift was much more effective than induced +1 frameshift. 9-AA also induced substitutions with transversions more common. ENU-induced mutations were chiefly occurred at G: C sites. Substitutions induced by ENU were mainly G: C→A: T, G: C→C: G and A: T→T: A transversion. Conclusion: Mutation detection system of λgt11 DNA containing LacZ gene is proven better than that of λDNA without LacZ gene. The combination of survival, mutant frequency and sequence spectrum can not only increase the sensitivity and specificity of the new method, but also provide a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of mutation for ultimate extrapolation to risk assessment.展开更多
Early and accurate fault detection and diagnosis for renewable energy systems can increase their safety and ensure the continuity of their service. This paper presents a comprehensive review of different fault detecti...Early and accurate fault detection and diagnosis for renewable energy systems can increase their safety and ensure the continuity of their service. This paper presents a comprehensive review of different fault detection and diagnosis methods for hybrid renewable energy systems consisting of a wind turbine power generator, a PV （photovoltaic） array, a PEM （polymer electrolyte membrane） fuel cell and a battery storage system. The need of batteries to store the generated power from the solar panel, wind turbine or PEM fuel cell is also emphasized. Finally, an overview of the current methods used in the diagnosing of the lead-acid battery degradation is given.展开更多
文摘This paper describes a virtual environment, which can present dynamic force transformation during the control of objects. A 5-DOF haptic interface with the capability to generate kinesthetic effect is combined. In this system, the operator manipulates an object in a virtual environment by using the 5-DOF master arm. When contacting with the virtual object, the contact force can be calculated and shown in the graphic interface. The contact response and deformation of the virtual object, which are usually called haptic rendering, also can be performed. The study supplies an approach to improve the operator’s immersion and can be used in many tele-robot control fields.
基金National Science Foundation of China (NS-FC:No: 3880680 No: 39670643)
文摘Objective: To establish a reformative detection system which has sound ability of providing information on molecular mutagenesis spectrum and the specificity of detection system of repackaged λ phage. Methods: LacZ gene, as mutational target gene and reporter gene, was applied into the detection system. The λ gt11 DNA treated with ENU (1-ethyl-1-nitrosourea) and 9-AA (9-aminoacridine) was repackaged in vitro. The packaged λ phage was then grown in E. coli Y1090 on a selective plate containing X-gel and IPTG. The survival and mutation frequencies were determined by counting the clear-plaque and blue-plaque, and the molecular mutation mechanism was studied by extracting and sequencing the LacZ gene of mutants. Results: The survival of repackaged λ phages treated with 9-AA and ENU apparently decreased in consistent dose-dependence. The mutation frequency of clear-plaque mutants showed a linear dose-related increase. The predominant mutations induced by 9-AA were ± 1 frameshift mutation, and 9-AA induced - 1 frameshift was much more effective than induced +1 frameshift. 9-AA also induced substitutions with transversions more common. ENU-induced mutations were chiefly occurred at G: C sites. Substitutions induced by ENU were mainly G: C→A: T, G: C→C: G and A: T→T: A transversion. Conclusion: Mutation detection system of λgt11 DNA containing LacZ gene is proven better than that of λDNA without LacZ gene. The combination of survival, mutant frequency and sequence spectrum can not only increase the sensitivity and specificity of the new method, but also provide a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of mutation for ultimate extrapolation to risk assessment.
文摘Early and accurate fault detection and diagnosis for renewable energy systems can increase their safety and ensure the continuity of their service. This paper presents a comprehensive review of different fault detection and diagnosis methods for hybrid renewable energy systems consisting of a wind turbine power generator, a PV （photovoltaic） array, a PEM （polymer electrolyte membrane） fuel cell and a battery storage system. The need of batteries to store the generated power from the solar panel, wind turbine or PEM fuel cell is also emphasized. Finally, an overview of the current methods used in the diagnosing of the lead-acid battery degradation is given.
