The goal of this investigation was to analyze the impact of some production variables (input) on agricultural pro- ductivity growth (output) in China from 1989～2002. We selected through random sampling Zhejiang Provi...The goal of this investigation was to analyze the impact of some production variables (input) on agricultural pro- ductivity growth (output) in China from 1989～2002. We selected through random sampling Zhejiang Province for our disaggre- gate analysis with the use of Cobb-Douglas function. The estimation results showed that all key parameters are significant and are of the expected sign. Labor and that capital and land have positive impact on agricultural productivity growth.展开更多
In the current social, agricultural development is heavily influenced by the level of agricultural information development, so, it is necessary to pay attention to the development of information technology in order to...In the current social, agricultural development is heavily influenced by the level of agricultural information development, so, it is necessary to pay attention to the development of information technology in order to maintain a sustained, steady and rapid development of agriculture, as well as we use information technology in all aspects of agricultural production, so as to make more rapid and stable development of Chinese agriculture. In Agricultural Economics and Management should focus on the help of information technology. The main author makes a brief analysis on the role of information technology in the agricultural economy and the management of specific applications, which is designed to promote the further development of Chinese agriculture.展开更多
As people become increasingly aware of the irreplaceability of ecosystem services, defined as ＂the nataral environmental conditions and effects upon which peopic rely for existence that are formed and maintained by e...As people become increasingly aware of the irreplaceability of ecosystem services, defined as ＂the nataral environmental conditions and effects upon which peopic rely for existence that are formed and maintained by ecosystems and ecological processes＂, more emphasis is being placed on these services＇. In rectent years numerous studies have focused primarily on the sen,ices of natural ecosystems. This paper expands the scope of this field from natural ecosystems to semi-natuval ecosystems, i.e. cropland ecosystems, which are closely associated with human productivity and life. Taking Huantat County in Shandong Province as an example, the vegetation.based services of winter wheat/summer maize rotation systems and carton cropland ecosystems were systematically analyzed, including the material production, carbon dioxide fixation, oxygen release, water conservation, and nutrient recycling. These services were then evaluated in terms of economics through the applications of a market value technique, a substinaion engineering method and a shadow price method. The results indicated that the total economic value of cropland ecosystem vegetation.based services in Huantai County is 124.827.3 ×10^4 yuan. which is equivalent to 15.63% of the GDP of Hnantat County （798, 491 × 10^4 yuan）, Among these services, the gas regulation value is 82.698.3 × 10^4 yuan （66.25%）, the material production value is 38.049.4 × 10^4 yuan （30.48%）, the nutrient cycling value is 3257.3 × 10^4 ynan （2.61%）, and the water conservation value is 822.3 × 10^4 yuan （0.66%）. In addition, through the comparison between winter wheat/summer maize rotation systems and cotton cropland ecosystems, we conclude that the economic value of vegetation-based services provided by the former is much higher than that of the latter, which could provide a scientific guideline for adjusting the agricultural structure, Our study may facilitate the conservation of cropland ecosystems and promote effective use of vegetation-based services to achieve sustainable development of agriculture and guarantee nationwide food security.展开更多
On the Loess Plateau of China, facing the vulnerable environment, local people have to try their best to guarantee the security of food, and at the same time, to control the most serious soil erosion in the world. The...On the Loess Plateau of China, facing the vulnerable environment, local people have to try their best to guarantee the security of food, and at the same time, to control the most serious soil erosion in the world. The paper introduces two typical models of ecological agriculture: ecological agriculture with commodity and agri- culture with soil and water conservation. According to the local natural condition, the model of eco-agriculture with commodity could be characterized by the structure of “agriculture-byproduct”, “agriculture-fruit” or “agri- culture-forestry-husbandry”. The development of agriculture with soil and water conservation has decreased the soil erosion rate from 12,184 ton/km2 in 1980 to 458.4 ton/km2 in 1999, while the farmers’ income has increasingly risen. Analyses on the two models’ benefits both in terms of ecological and agricultural economy show that there is a great possibility to construct or restore good eco-environment with comprehensive control in the hilly-gully area of north Shannxi. Further more, the paper points out the potential problems of foodstuff production and stockbreeding development in forming ecological agriculture and eco-environmental restoration.展开更多
Agricultural mechanization is to the use advanced and applicable agricultural machinery and equipment in agriculture to improve agricultural production conditions, and continuously improve the production technology an...Agricultural mechanization is to the use advanced and applicable agricultural machinery and equipment in agriculture to improve agricultural production conditions, and continuously improve the production technology and economic, ecological processes of agriculture. The level of agricultural science and technology depends largely on the degree of agricultural mechanization promotion. An agricultural country level depends on the degree of modern agricultural mechanization level of the application, and the era of mechanization in agriculture can not only save a lot of labor, reduce labor intensity, but also improve labor efficiency, and enhance resistance to natural disasters. The importance of agricultural mechanization technology in the scientific and technological achievements in agriculture is visible.展开更多
文摘The goal of this investigation was to analyze the impact of some production variables (input) on agricultural pro- ductivity growth (output) in China from 1989～2002. We selected through random sampling Zhejiang Province for our disaggre- gate analysis with the use of Cobb-Douglas function. The estimation results showed that all key parameters are significant and are of the expected sign. Labor and that capital and land have positive impact on agricultural productivity growth.
文摘In the current social, agricultural development is heavily influenced by the level of agricultural information development, so, it is necessary to pay attention to the development of information technology in order to maintain a sustained, steady and rapid development of agriculture, as well as we use information technology in all aspects of agricultural production, so as to make more rapid and stable development of Chinese agriculture. In Agricultural Economics and Management should focus on the help of information technology. The main author makes a brief analysis on the role of information technology in the agricultural economy and the management of specific applications, which is designed to promote the further development of Chinese agriculture.
文摘As people become increasingly aware of the irreplaceability of ecosystem services, defined as ＂the nataral environmental conditions and effects upon which peopic rely for existence that are formed and maintained by ecosystems and ecological processes＂, more emphasis is being placed on these services＇. In rectent years numerous studies have focused primarily on the sen,ices of natural ecosystems. This paper expands the scope of this field from natural ecosystems to semi-natuval ecosystems, i.e. cropland ecosystems, which are closely associated with human productivity and life. Taking Huantat County in Shandong Province as an example, the vegetation.based services of winter wheat/summer maize rotation systems and carton cropland ecosystems were systematically analyzed, including the material production, carbon dioxide fixation, oxygen release, water conservation, and nutrient recycling. These services were then evaluated in terms of economics through the applications of a market value technique, a substinaion engineering method and a shadow price method. The results indicated that the total economic value of cropland ecosystem vegetation.based services in Huantai County is 124.827.3 ×10^4 yuan. which is equivalent to 15.63% of the GDP of Hnantat County （798, 491 × 10^4 yuan）, Among these services, the gas regulation value is 82.698.3 × 10^4 yuan （66.25%）, the material production value is 38.049.4 × 10^4 yuan （30.48%）, the nutrient cycling value is 3257.3 × 10^4 ynan （2.61%）, and the water conservation value is 822.3 × 10^4 yuan （0.66%）. In addition, through the comparison between winter wheat/summer maize rotation systems and cotton cropland ecosystems, we conclude that the economic value of vegetation-based services provided by the former is much higher than that of the latter, which could provide a scientific guideline for adjusting the agricultural structure, Our study may facilitate the conservation of cropland ecosystems and promote effective use of vegetation-based services to achieve sustainable development of agriculture and guarantee nationwide food security.
文摘On the Loess Plateau of China, facing the vulnerable environment, local people have to try their best to guarantee the security of food, and at the same time, to control the most serious soil erosion in the world. The paper introduces two typical models of ecological agriculture: ecological agriculture with commodity and agri- culture with soil and water conservation. According to the local natural condition, the model of eco-agriculture with commodity could be characterized by the structure of “agriculture-byproduct”, “agriculture-fruit” or “agri- culture-forestry-husbandry”. The development of agriculture with soil and water conservation has decreased the soil erosion rate from 12,184 ton/km2 in 1980 to 458.4 ton/km2 in 1999, while the farmers’ income has increasingly risen. Analyses on the two models’ benefits both in terms of ecological and agricultural economy show that there is a great possibility to construct or restore good eco-environment with comprehensive control in the hilly-gully area of north Shannxi. Further more, the paper points out the potential problems of foodstuff production and stockbreeding development in forming ecological agriculture and eco-environmental restoration.
文摘Agricultural mechanization is to the use advanced and applicable agricultural machinery and equipment in agriculture to improve agricultural production conditions, and continuously improve the production technology and economic, ecological processes of agriculture. The level of agricultural science and technology depends largely on the degree of agricultural mechanization promotion. An agricultural country level depends on the degree of modern agricultural mechanization level of the application, and the era of mechanization in agriculture can not only save a lot of labor, reduce labor intensity, but also improve labor efficiency, and enhance resistance to natural disasters. The importance of agricultural mechanization technology in the scientific and technological achievements in agriculture is visible.
