中国农产品进口对其国内外价格的影响趋势分析

随着我国农产品进口量的迅速增长,我国进口对国内外农产品价格的影响受到国际社会和学术界的广泛关注。本研究展望了未来十年（2014-2023）我国主要农产品供求和贸易趋势,采用局部均衡分析方法模拟了未来我国农产品进口对国内外农产品价格的影响。研究结果发现,2014-2023年我国小麦、大米等产品将保持产需平衡,大豆、玉米、棉花和食糖等产品的短缺局面将进一步加剧。未来十年我国适量进口短缺农产品不仅不会对国际市场价格产生显著影响,而且有利于稳定我国农产品价格和促进农业产业结构调整。

准双边垄断下地区专产性小品种农产品价格波动研究——基于浙贝母产区特殊市场结构的一个案例分析

以浙贝母①产区市场为案例,介绍了地区专产性小品种农产品产区准双边垄断市场结构的形成。并分析了联合利润最大化假设下浙贝母的价格高波动性和交易量的相对稳定性特征的理论根源。此外还进一步剖析了浙贝母产区市场垄断双方议价能力的影响因素,提出建立“收购股份合作社”,实现垂直一体化作为解决产区市场价格高波动问题的一个对策。

Evaluation on Soil Heavy Metal Pollution of Agricultural Habitat Environment in Xi'an City

[Objective] This study aimed to understand and grasp the soil heavy metal pollution status of agricultural habitat environment in Xi＇an City. [Method] The soil heavy metal pollution status of pollution-free agricultural products-producing areas in 9 counties （districts） of Xi＇an City was investigated. A total of 609 soil samples were collected, and their Cd, Hg, As, Pb and Cr contents were determined. In addition, the heavy metal pollution status of the collected soil samples was evaluated by Nemerow index method. [Result] The pollution in Baqiao, Chang＇an; Gaoling, Lan- tian, Lintong and Yanliang was of grade I, belonging to clean level; the pollution in Hu County, Weiyang and Zhouzhi was of grade II, near the warning line, belong to relatively clean level. There was no large-area soil heavy metal pollution overall. The investigated areas could be used as production bases of pollution-free agricultural products and even high-quality agricultural products. However, the heavy met- als contents in some individual areas exceeded relevant soil environmental quality standards, and they should be avoided or forbidden during regional planning and selection of production area. [Conclusion] Soil heavy metal pollution of agricultural habitat environment in Xi＇an City is generally at good status. Targeting at the future development plan of Xi＇an City, feasible and scientific suggestions are put forward.

Design and Implementation of Traceability Management System of Agricultural Products Quality and Safety Based on Domestic Basic Software of China

[Objective] To establish the traceability mechanism of agricultural products safety, and the application of promote domestic based software in the supervision area of agricultural products quality and safety. [Method] Through the analysis on the circulation characteristics of agricultural products, like fruits, vegetables, livestock and poultry, the agricultural products quality safety management and traceability query business component libraries were designed. Based on the run-time-supporting environment provided by domestic based software, traceability management system of agricultural products quality and safety was constructed. [Result] The traceability management system provided the information interaction and comprehensive management platform of agricultural product quality and safety based on domestic based software for the government, enterprises and consumers. [Conclusion] Through the application demonstration, the quality control and information traceability of full circulation of agricultural products was achieved effective and reliably, and the management level of agricultural products quality and safety was improved.

商河县鑫绿源畜禽养殖合作社 打造循环经济 实现合作双赢

近年来,商河县鑫绿源畜禽养殖合作社结合当地农村经济发展实际,致力于联合农民以联地、联户、联禽"三联"合作发展模式,走出了一条集有机饲料种植、品牌黑猪基地养殖、废渣综合利用、生态农业基地发展的农业循环经济新路子。不仅带动了当地经济发展,还实现了合作社发展、社员增收的"双赢"目标。该社实现年销售收入1 600万元,合作社社员年收入8万元以上。

Strategic Research on Developing Highland Characteristic Agriculture in Qujing

There are some advantages to develop highland characteristic agriculture in Qujing, such as the superior natural conditions and the favorable ecological environment. Some disadvantages are the outdated fundamental facilities and the laggard agricultural products breed and variety. This paper has put forward some strategies to develop the highland characteristic agriculture in Qujing, namely, to introduce and cultivate some agriculture industrialization leading enterprises; to import the improved breeds; to improve the quality of highland characteristic agricultural products, etc.

The Public Institutions of Science and Technology as Knowledge Source in the Learning Networks of Agri-food Sectors in Argentina

In the case of agrifood productions, Argentinean enterprisesmainly medium and smallzized, have a critical neck bottle that limits their possibility to build endogenous capabilities for knowledge production, circulation and appropriation. As a consequence, public institutions of science and technology have been called to play a central role in the innovation systems providing relevant inputs for the necessary learning process in order to obtain product and process innovation. Nevertheless, it looks like that these institutions, in Argentina, are prisoners of the offer （science） push--demand pull tension far away of a systemic behavior in an innovative environment. This work studies four cases of agrifood production in Argentina, considering a regional approach and the learning networks around each production. It is concluded that the behavior of each institution is different for each case. INTA has a systemic conduct in all cases while the other ones show a systemic behavior only in the case that their offer matches to specific demands.

The influence of green barrier on China＇s agricultural products trade and countermeasure analysis

With the change and development of modern international new situation, some of the more traditional tariff barriers declining, green barriers to trade with their own unique and distinct era characteristic become the mainstream of the development of international trade today. Along with the Western Europe in some developed countries protect their existing markets, with the name of environmental protection and green trade protection measures, construction of the green trade barriers, so in practice to a certain extent seriously hindered the of some agricultural products sales and foreign trade credits. In this paper, starting from the factors and characteristics of green barrier produces, analyzes the causes of the green trade barrier of positivity and negativity, and contact our country agricultural product export and the present situation of the green trade barrier causes, analysis the reason of the thwarted by the green trade barrier, the feasibility of the agricultural development status in China, and puts forward some operable countermeasures, in order to adapt to the new situation of the development of foreign trade of agricultural products in China and good circulation.

State Support of Russian Agro-industrial Complex at the Federal and Regional Levels on Entering the Global Market

The main subject of the report consists in showing positive course of Russian agriculture over the last years-entering the global market. That＇s why it is essential to make following steps to support manufactures aiming them more actively at export： to develop export operations; to develop actively agro-industrial complex perspectives for entering the WTO; to ensure the food safety of agro-industrial complex while exporting the products; in the context of globalization Russian regions are entering more actively the global market as the relatively independent subjects of international economical relationships. The food safety of Russia-such condition of the state economy, when food independence of the country is provided, provision; physical and economic utility of food products is guaranteed by the state and corresponds to requirements of the legislation of the Russian Federation in safety and quality. Participation in the WTO gives to the country set of advantages in the decision food independence. In the world, the country and in region management of efficiency agriculture with a view of advancement to food safety, should be coordinated necessarily with food independence. State support of the Russian agro-industrial complex on the federal and regional levels when entering into the world market-is a factor of the formation of a new geopolitical status of Russia in the world arena, it is the new selection mechanism of the development of globalization processes in favor of the active participation of the agro-industrial complex of Russia in the world economy.

A Statistical Analysis on the Effects of Infrastructure on Rural Economic Development

Based on statistical analysis,this paper states that four types of rural infrastructure as roads,electricity, communications,and education have statistically significant effects on agricultural production,nonagricultural production,and farmers’income in China.However,the specifics and the degrees of these influences are different. Therefore, different policies have to be implemented respectively to make full use ofthe limited funds in China. Meanwhile, the maturity level of rural infrastructure as with rural economic development has regional discrepancy. The levels of maturity decrease from east to west.It is urgent that the current weak situation of the ruralinfrastruc- ture in western China needs to be improved.

The Analysis on theUse and Boost of E-commerce in the Process of Urbanization

The development of e-commerce in agriculture is our weak link in the e-commerce system, the formation of agricultural industrialization and modernization of agriculture development incentives did not play its due role. Improvement of agricultural e-commerce model is to provide a more direct way of agricultural e-commerce operations performance. Based on this, this paper analyzes the status quo of e-commerce development of agricultural markets, and it is to explore the complete path of agricultural development of electronic commerce.

Diversity of Organic Produce in Indonesia

Organic farming in Indonesia has been developed quite pass in the last five years. This evidence was pushed by increasing the demand either in domestic or in foreign market. The increase of demand was due to the icrease of awareness of society to healthy and savety food for people. Related to this isues the Government of Indonesia has built an Organic Farming Competence Authority （OKPO）. This Competent has responsibilities to facilitate and administrate organic farming business in Indonesia. The diversity of organic produced in Indonesia is mostly paddy/rice, and followed by other organic products such as nutmeg, cashew nut, cinnamon, capsicum, mangosteen, brown sugar or other coconut products, cocoa bean, coffee bean, clover, pepper, Zalacca, lychee, longan, duku （lanseh） and some fruits and vegetables. Mostly organic produce is exported to foreign coutries. There are also some assosiations such as Indonesia Organic Aliance （AOI）, Indonesia Farmer Organic Assosiation （APOI）, Community Concern Organic Farmer （CCOF） who support the development of organic movement. Certification Body for Competency of Inspectors and Facilitators for organic divelopment either for plant or livestock has just been established.

Human-centered design of Stubble-Mulch Rotocultivator for Boat Tractor

With the development of mechanization popularity in rural area, agricultural machinery product not only needs to meet the production goals, and also requires the simple operation and human-centered. Human-centered design is always, on the basis of the user＇ s requirement and usage, to think over the issues by regarding operator as the center, and to design the products by emphasizing the ease of use and understandability during design and manufacture. In this study, Stubble-Mulch Rotocultivator for Boat Tractor （SMRBT） is chosen as the design object. The coordination approach of the user, machine and environment is discussed by deeply investigating their relationship, which is an empirical study of the human-centered technology of agricultural machinery.

The Economic Rationality and Institutional Driving Force of Edible Agro-products Enterprises Adopting ISO9000 Standards

This paper analyzed the economic rationality and institutional driving force of edible agro-products enterprises adopting ISO9000 standards,and built the theoretical analysis framework of enterprises adopting ISO9000 standards.The results indicated that the enterprises adopted ISO9000 standards form a variety of promoting product quality and safety business strategy options based on the considerations that getting economic efficiency and the access to resources.Based on the results,some recommendations were given for stimulating enterprises to adopt ISO9000 standards.

中央定调明年经济工作七大重点

中共中央政治局12月5日召开会议,分析研究2015年经济工作。中共中央总书记习近平主持会议。会议总结了今年经济发展成果,认为中国经济发展形势总体是好的,并作出中国进入经济发展新常态的判断。2015年将继续坚持稳中求进工作总基调,更加注重转方式、调结构。会议还强调明年经济工作七大重点,主要包括:

重庆、成都商务发展情况考察报告

3月17日至20日,胡玖明副局长带领政策法规处、商务改革发展处有关同志赴重庆、成都,考察了两地统筹城乡发展、发展开放型经济、建设区域商贸中心等情况。两地商务事业保持着强劲的发展势头,工作方法和力度有很多值得我们借鉴。

农工党淮安市委积极创新服务新农村建设

吴城镇堡工村位于淮安的西南方向,这一自然村落人口虽然不多,近年来却以高效农业和欣欣向荣的农业合作组织取得了较好的成绩。作为创新服务新农村建设的试点地区,自2012年下半年以来,农工党淮安市委积极探索创新,带领堡工村村民走出"

Combustion Irreversibilities: Numerical Simulation and Analysis

An exergy analysis was performed considering the combustion of methane and agro-industrial residues produced in Portugal (forest residues and vines pruning). Regarding that the irreversibilities of a thermodynamic process are path dependent, the combustion process was considering as resulting from different hypothetical paths each one characterized by four main sub-processes: reactant mixing, fuel oxidation, internal thermal energy exchange (heat transfer), and product mixing. The exergetic efficiency was computed using a zero dimensional model developed by using a Visual Basic home code. It was concluded that the exergy losses were mainly due to the internal thermal energy exchange sub-process. The exergy losses from this sub-process are higher when the reactants are preheated up to the ignition temperature without previous fuel oxidation. On the other hand, the global exergy destruction can be minored increasing the pressure, the reactants temperature and the oxygen content on the oxidant stream. This methodology allows the identification of the phenomena and processes that have larger exergy losses, the understanding of why these losses occur and how the exergy changes with the parameters associated to each system which is crucial to implement the syngas combustion from biomass products as a competitive technology.