With marker and phenotype information from observed populations, genomic selection （GS） can be used to establish associations between markers and phenotypes. It aims to use genome-wide markers to estimate the effect...With marker and phenotype information from observed populations, genomic selection （GS） can be used to establish associations between markers and phenotypes. It aims to use genome-wide markers to estimate the effects of all loci and thereby predict the genetic values of untested populations, so as to achieve more comprehensive and reliable selection and to accelerate genetic progress in crop breeding. GS models usually face the problem that the number of markers is much higher than the number of phenotypic observations. To overcome this issue and improve prediction accuracy, many models and algorithms, including GBLUP, Bayes, and machine learning have been employed for GS. As hot issues in GS research, the estimation of non-additive genetic effects and the combined analysis of multiple traits or multiple environments are also important for improving the accuracy of prediction. In recent years, crop breeding has taken advantage of the development of GS. The principles and characteristics of current popular GS methods and research progress in hese methods for crop improvement are reviewed in this paper.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(2014AA10A601-5)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0100303)+5 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91535103)the Natural Science Foundations of Jiangsu Province(BK20150010)the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(14KJA210005)the Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice(Wuhan University)(KF201701)the Science and Technology Innovation Fund Project in Yangzhou University(2016CXJ021)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions and the Innovative Research Team of Universities in Jiangsu Province
文摘With marker and phenotype information from observed populations, genomic selection （GS） can be used to establish associations between markers and phenotypes. It aims to use genome-wide markers to estimate the effects of all loci and thereby predict the genetic values of untested populations, so as to achieve more comprehensive and reliable selection and to accelerate genetic progress in crop breeding. GS models usually face the problem that the number of markers is much higher than the number of phenotypic observations. To overcome this issue and improve prediction accuracy, many models and algorithms, including GBLUP, Bayes, and machine learning have been employed for GS. As hot issues in GS research, the estimation of non-additive genetic effects and the combined analysis of multiple traits or multiple environments are also important for improving the accuracy of prediction. In recent years, crop breeding has taken advantage of the development of GS. The principles and characteristics of current popular GS methods and research progress in hese methods for crop improvement are reviewed in this paper.
