A study was conducted to investigate the cultural and financial management techniques of betel leaf based agroforestry system practiced in or near homegardens of Khasia community in Jaintapur Upazila in the district o...A study was conducted to investigate the cultural and financial management techniques of betel leaf based agroforestry system practiced in or near homegardens of Khasia community in Jaintapur Upazila in the district of Sylhet, Bangladesh. The Khasia is an edu- cated community where 100% of Khasia people were literate, a stunning fact for this ethnic community in Bangladesh. The average family size in the study area was 7.68, with a ration of male and females of 141：100. The homegardens of the Khasia are rich in species composition, which 15 timber species, 22 horticultural species, six medicinal species, 13 annual crops including leafy vegetables, seven species of spices and five species of bamboo were identified along with betel leaf. The Khasia is an economically prosperous community with the minimum family incomes of Tk 4 000 per month （Tk. 70=1 US Dollar）. Betel leaf based agroforestry is very common being a prevalent source of income. About 95.45% of the households are involved in betel leaf husbandry. The mean annual income from one hectare of be- tel leaf plantation was estimated to be Tk. 80979. This practice was proven to be a profitable business where the benefit cost ratio was cal- culated to be 4.47. Moreover, the species composition in the betel leaf plantation area （the forest area once utilized by Khasia for shifting cultivation） was found to be very promising to play the significant role in conservation of biological diversity making the practice a sustainable agroforestry system.展开更多
This paper work aims to response the request for immediate intervention of cultural heritage preservation in Kosovo, with the aim of protection against the harmful consequences of insufficient knowledge leading to a m...This paper work aims to response the request for immediate intervention of cultural heritage preservation in Kosovo, with the aim of protection against the harmful consequences of insufficient knowledge leading to a misuse of technology and to ill-considered approaches. The DGT （dwelling-garret type） is an important vernacular study case. The DGT is a historic building of 18th century, located in the core of Lebusha Village, Municipality of Peja, an architectural construction characterized by two concentric volumes at rectangular layout, very dynamic at horizontal composition, obtained by the movement of two differently constructional materials volumes, stone masonry and timber assembly, and covered with roof clay tiles. In view of its esthetic and artistic values, its important role at developing chain of Kosovo＇s rural dwellings typology, and its method of construction, the building should be listed as a monument under state protection. Hence, immediate protection interventions, such as conservation of wooden and stone envelope, improvement of walls and finish works, and drainage infrastructure, are considered as the minimum requirement.展开更多
With the change and development of modern international new situation, some of the more traditional tariff barriers declining, green barriers to trade with their own unique and distinct era characteristic become the m...With the change and development of modern international new situation, some of the more traditional tariff barriers declining, green barriers to trade with their own unique and distinct era characteristic become the mainstream of the development of international trade today. Along with the Western Europe in some developed countries protect their existing markets, with the name of environmental protection and green trade protection measures, construction of the green trade barriers, so in practice to a certain extent seriously hindered the of some agricultural products sales and foreign trade credits. In this paper, starting from the factors and characteristics of green barrier produces, analyzes the causes of the green trade barrier of positivity and negativity, and contact our country agricultural product export and the present situation of the green trade barrier causes, analysis the reason of the thwarted by the green trade barrier, the feasibility of the agricultural development status in China, and puts forward some operable countermeasures, in order to adapt to the new situation of the development of foreign trade of agricultural products in China and good circulation.展开更多
文摘A study was conducted to investigate the cultural and financial management techniques of betel leaf based agroforestry system practiced in or near homegardens of Khasia community in Jaintapur Upazila in the district of Sylhet, Bangladesh. The Khasia is an edu- cated community where 100% of Khasia people were literate, a stunning fact for this ethnic community in Bangladesh. The average family size in the study area was 7.68, with a ration of male and females of 141：100. The homegardens of the Khasia are rich in species composition, which 15 timber species, 22 horticultural species, six medicinal species, 13 annual crops including leafy vegetables, seven species of spices and five species of bamboo were identified along with betel leaf. The Khasia is an economically prosperous community with the minimum family incomes of Tk 4 000 per month （Tk. 70=1 US Dollar）. Betel leaf based agroforestry is very common being a prevalent source of income. About 95.45% of the households are involved in betel leaf husbandry. The mean annual income from one hectare of be- tel leaf plantation was estimated to be Tk. 80979. This practice was proven to be a profitable business where the benefit cost ratio was cal- culated to be 4.47. Moreover, the species composition in the betel leaf plantation area （the forest area once utilized by Khasia for shifting cultivation） was found to be very promising to play the significant role in conservation of biological diversity making the practice a sustainable agroforestry system.
文摘This paper work aims to response the request for immediate intervention of cultural heritage preservation in Kosovo, with the aim of protection against the harmful consequences of insufficient knowledge leading to a misuse of technology and to ill-considered approaches. The DGT （dwelling-garret type） is an important vernacular study case. The DGT is a historic building of 18th century, located in the core of Lebusha Village, Municipality of Peja, an architectural construction characterized by two concentric volumes at rectangular layout, very dynamic at horizontal composition, obtained by the movement of two differently constructional materials volumes, stone masonry and timber assembly, and covered with roof clay tiles. In view of its esthetic and artistic values, its important role at developing chain of Kosovo＇s rural dwellings typology, and its method of construction, the building should be listed as a monument under state protection. Hence, immediate protection interventions, such as conservation of wooden and stone envelope, improvement of walls and finish works, and drainage infrastructure, are considered as the minimum requirement.
文摘With the change and development of modern international new situation, some of the more traditional tariff barriers declining, green barriers to trade with their own unique and distinct era characteristic become the mainstream of the development of international trade today. Along with the Western Europe in some developed countries protect their existing markets, with the name of environmental protection and green trade protection measures, construction of the green trade barriers, so in practice to a certain extent seriously hindered the of some agricultural products sales and foreign trade credits. In this paper, starting from the factors and characteristics of green barrier produces, analyzes the causes of the green trade barrier of positivity and negativity, and contact our country agricultural product export and the present situation of the green trade barrier causes, analysis the reason of the thwarted by the green trade barrier, the feasibility of the agricultural development status in China, and puts forward some operable countermeasures, in order to adapt to the new situation of the development of foreign trade of agricultural products in China and good circulation.
