Fenlong green ecological agriculture technology （Fenlong technology）, a new smash ridging farming method developed by Guangxi Academy of Agdcultural Sciences, has been elected as the recommended cultivation techniqu...Fenlong green ecological agriculture technology （Fenlong technology）, a new smash ridging farming method developed by Guangxi Academy of Agdcultural Sciences, has been elected as the recommended cultivation technique by the Ministry of Agriculture of China. It replaces the traditional plowshare with spiral drill, and its tilth depth is twice deeper than that by tractor tilthing. It also extends soil nutrient, moisture, oxygen and microorganism, the so-called ＂Four pools＂. Soil nutrient, oxygen, microorganism, light and rainfall use ratio is increased by 10%-100%, creating a platform for natural increase of more than 10% of crop yield. Its application to over 20 kinds of crops in 21 provinces has proved that the yield increases 10-30% with quality enhancing 5% and double water retaining capacity but no more input. When the application area of Fenlong could reach 67 million hm2, the amount of fertilizer can be reduced by 40-50 billion kg, saving 120-150 billion Yuan. In this paper, we put forward the strategy of ＂4＋1＂ （arable, saline-alkali soil, grasslands, Sponge City ＋ rivers） green development in China, and deepened the Fenlong cultivated tilled layer from 16.5 cm to 35 cm for 67 million hm2 arable land, ridged 13.3 million hm2 of saline-alkali soil for 35 cm, and also 35 cm for 67 million hm2 degraded steppe, which could have the following 3 effects： first, the 147 million hm2 of land with Fenlong cultivation could increase loosing soil to 315.491 billion m3, in＊ creasing by 159.26% for 120 million hm2 of arable land with the average tilled layer of 16.5 cm, which has loosing soil of only 198.1 billion m3, that is, the space of the land increases 1.6 times. Second, every hectare of plowland could store up to 450 m3/hm2 of natural rainfall, and the unused 60 m3 of saline-alkali soil and grasslands could store water of 102 billion m3, showing an increase of over 88.89% for the current plowland storage of 54 billion m3 at now, that is, double the natural rainfall storage capacity. Third, the two multiple increase of natural resources application can bring trillions of resource activation, environmental cleaning, food security, citizens, health, economic, ecological and social benefits, and makes the Chinese nation move forward in green development. Its application in ＂big scientific research＂ and ＂One Belt And One Road＂ will contribute Chinese strength to the world.展开更多
This study was to understand the physiological changes of four kinds of crop seeds including baby corn, cowpea, radish and rape- seed, under the treatment of ultra-drying. Large amounts of seeds as experimental materi...This study was to understand the physiological changes of four kinds of crop seeds including baby corn, cowpea, radish and rape- seed, under the treatment of ultra-drying. Large amounts of seeds as experimental materials （ 10 kg for each material） were respectively dried to the suitable water content consistent with the ultra-dried seed criterion via heating at 50 ~C; then the physiological indices of these ultra-dried seeds such as water content, seed germination, dehydrogenase activity and SOD activity were measured. The results showed that except cowpea seeds, whose ultra-drying treatment should be controlled between two and four days, other three kinds of seeds were tolerant to high tem- perature and low water content. The ultra-dried seeds assumed similar or even higher activities than CKs, but showed no damage symptom. Our result proves that ultra-drying treatment via heating at 50 ℃ is safe and efficient to experimental seeds.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to identify the existing rice breeding programs in Myanmar and to determine researchers＇ attitudes on hybrid rice research mid its determinmlts. A sample consists of 56 researchers who a...The purpose of this study was to identify the existing rice breeding programs in Myanmar and to determine researchers＇ attitudes on hybrid rice research mid its determinmlts. A sample consists of 56 researchers who are working in Department of Agricultural Research, Department of Agriculture and Yezin Agricultural University, and involving varietal development of hybrid rice. The research instruments were a questionnaire used by 4 points Likert scale of strongly agree, agree, less agree and not agree to measure on researchers＇ attitudes towards 14 determinants of varietal development of hybrid rice production. The study revealed that the average age of the researchers was 46.5 years ranged from 25 to 60 years. The majority of researchers were 51-60 years old （41.1%）. The working experience of researchers ranged from 5 to 36 years and the metal of their experience was 20 years. The educational level was Ph.D. （35.7%）, M.Agr.Sc. （26.8%）, and B.Agr.Sc. （37.5%）. Majority of researchers were female （76.8%） and 58.9% were rice breeders. Moreover, 48.2% of researchers obtained the hybrid rice technology from breeding training and the researchers who believed in their current breeding works were 51.8%. Among 33 rice breeders, 72.7% of the rice breeders applied only convention breeding method. In addition, researchers＇ opinions on farmer＇s perception of hybrid rice technology, 60.7% of the researchers agreed on inferior grain quality and 73.2% of researchers strongly agreed on not stable market. This study found out more thin1 half of the researchers strongly agreed on 10 out of 14 determinmlts such as poor infrastructure, low human resource development, parental problem, insufficient experience, limit germplasm resource, limit research facilities, no incentive for breeders, weak public-private partnership, fewer quality breeders and not enough research fund. Moreover, half of the researchers agreed on 3 determinants likely need special technical training, need international assistance and climate change challenges. Finally, development of hybrid rice research in Mymlmar, there will be needed international assistmlce, and upgraded to hybrid rice research center from currently hybrid rice research section and need integrated hybrid rice policy supported by government.展开更多
文摘Fenlong green ecological agriculture technology （Fenlong technology）, a new smash ridging farming method developed by Guangxi Academy of Agdcultural Sciences, has been elected as the recommended cultivation technique by the Ministry of Agriculture of China. It replaces the traditional plowshare with spiral drill, and its tilth depth is twice deeper than that by tractor tilthing. It also extends soil nutrient, moisture, oxygen and microorganism, the so-called ＂Four pools＂. Soil nutrient, oxygen, microorganism, light and rainfall use ratio is increased by 10%-100%, creating a platform for natural increase of more than 10% of crop yield. Its application to over 20 kinds of crops in 21 provinces has proved that the yield increases 10-30% with quality enhancing 5% and double water retaining capacity but no more input. When the application area of Fenlong could reach 67 million hm2, the amount of fertilizer can be reduced by 40-50 billion kg, saving 120-150 billion Yuan. In this paper, we put forward the strategy of ＂4＋1＂ （arable, saline-alkali soil, grasslands, Sponge City ＋ rivers） green development in China, and deepened the Fenlong cultivated tilled layer from 16.5 cm to 35 cm for 67 million hm2 arable land, ridged 13.3 million hm2 of saline-alkali soil for 35 cm, and also 35 cm for 67 million hm2 degraded steppe, which could have the following 3 effects： first, the 147 million hm2 of land with Fenlong cultivation could increase loosing soil to 315.491 billion m3, in＊ creasing by 159.26% for 120 million hm2 of arable land with the average tilled layer of 16.5 cm, which has loosing soil of only 198.1 billion m3, that is, the space of the land increases 1.6 times. Second, every hectare of plowland could store up to 450 m3/hm2 of natural rainfall, and the unused 60 m3 of saline-alkali soil and grasslands could store water of 102 billion m3, showing an increase of over 88.89% for the current plowland storage of 54 billion m3 at now, that is, double the natural rainfall storage capacity. Third, the two multiple increase of natural resources application can bring trillions of resource activation, environmental cleaning, food security, citizens, health, economic, ecological and social benefits, and makes the Chinese nation move forward in green development. Its application in ＂big scientific research＂ and ＂One Belt And One Road＂ will contribute Chinese strength to the world.
文摘This study was to understand the physiological changes of four kinds of crop seeds including baby corn, cowpea, radish and rape- seed, under the treatment of ultra-drying. Large amounts of seeds as experimental materials （ 10 kg for each material） were respectively dried to the suitable water content consistent with the ultra-dried seed criterion via heating at 50 ~C; then the physiological indices of these ultra-dried seeds such as water content, seed germination, dehydrogenase activity and SOD activity were measured. The results showed that except cowpea seeds, whose ultra-drying treatment should be controlled between two and four days, other three kinds of seeds were tolerant to high tem- perature and low water content. The ultra-dried seeds assumed similar or even higher activities than CKs, but showed no damage symptom. Our result proves that ultra-drying treatment via heating at 50 ℃ is safe and efficient to experimental seeds.
文摘The purpose of this study was to identify the existing rice breeding programs in Myanmar and to determine researchers＇ attitudes on hybrid rice research mid its determinmlts. A sample consists of 56 researchers who are working in Department of Agricultural Research, Department of Agriculture and Yezin Agricultural University, and involving varietal development of hybrid rice. The research instruments were a questionnaire used by 4 points Likert scale of strongly agree, agree, less agree and not agree to measure on researchers＇ attitudes towards 14 determinants of varietal development of hybrid rice production. The study revealed that the average age of the researchers was 46.5 years ranged from 25 to 60 years. The majority of researchers were 51-60 years old （41.1%）. The working experience of researchers ranged from 5 to 36 years and the metal of their experience was 20 years. The educational level was Ph.D. （35.7%）, M.Agr.Sc. （26.8%）, and B.Agr.Sc. （37.5%）. Majority of researchers were female （76.8%） and 58.9% were rice breeders. Moreover, 48.2% of researchers obtained the hybrid rice technology from breeding training and the researchers who believed in their current breeding works were 51.8%. Among 33 rice breeders, 72.7% of the rice breeders applied only convention breeding method. In addition, researchers＇ opinions on farmer＇s perception of hybrid rice technology, 60.7% of the researchers agreed on inferior grain quality and 73.2% of researchers strongly agreed on not stable market. This study found out more thin1 half of the researchers strongly agreed on 10 out of 14 determinmlts such as poor infrastructure, low human resource development, parental problem, insufficient experience, limit germplasm resource, limit research facilities, no incentive for breeders, weak public-private partnership, fewer quality breeders and not enough research fund. Moreover, half of the researchers agreed on 3 determinants likely need special technical training, need international assistance and climate change challenges. Finally, development of hybrid rice research in Mymlmar, there will be needed international assistmlce, and upgraded to hybrid rice research center from currently hybrid rice research section and need integrated hybrid rice policy supported by government.
