广西农林工业产业集群化发展战略浅析

广西作为西部欠发达省区,在高级生产要素、产业能力和优势领域三个层面与东部发达地区差距明显,工业经济发展基础仍很不稳固。围绕广西"十四五"时期工业高质量发展目标,本文立足地方实际,提出了实施农林工业产业集群化发展战略的构想,并重点阐述了实施该战略的意义和思路,为广西工业发挥特色、主动作为、打造优势、谋求突破提供决策参考。

江苏省大丰县乡镇企业和小城镇的发展研究

在定性研究的基础上,应用模糊数学最优控制、计量经济学和系统动力学等方法,把乡镇企业与小城镇联系起来作定量的研究,建立了由11个数学模型组成的模型体系。研究结果表明,乡镇工业的发展趋势与当地人的传统看法是不同的;商品生产和商品流通部门将协调发展;虽然乡镇工业和小城镇的发展趋势基本一致,但在1996年以前,农村城镇化水平还是滞后于农村工业化水平。为此,本文提出应明智地抛弃'进厂不进镇'的旧观念。

江西长江经济带生态安全“云储存”保护诌议

长江经济带保护性建设,应该强化“农林工业设计”的理念,突出“军民融合”保障的特点。江西作为长江中游农业大省将更有必要加大该方面的调研规划,积极响应党中央号召,并尽快打出长江经济带“保护性建设”江西名片,并期能对中部省区长江经济带生态保护提供参考。

Changes in Land Use and Agricultural Production Structure Before and After the Implementation of Grain for Green Program in Western China–Taking Two Typical Counties as Examples

Soil erosion becomes a serious environmental problem in the world, especially in western China. An effective management practice called the Grain for Green Program(GGP), which was launched in 1999, aims to reduce soil and water loss and alleviate the ecological environment problem in western China. Two typical counties in western China, the Zhongxian(in Chongqing Municipality) and Ansai(in Shaanxi Province) were chosen to evaluate the dynamic changes of land use and agricultural production structure before and after the implementation of the Program in this paper. The results showed that the cultivated land area was reduced by 7.08% from 1989 to 2003. The cultivated land per person was decreased by 8.42% during 1999-2003. Moreover, the stability index of the secondary sector of the economy was increased from 0.91 in the period 1990-1999 to 0.94 in the following ten years. In addition, the stability index of tertiary economic sector increased from 0.88 to 0.92 in Zhongxian county. Meanwhile, the cultivated land area was reduced by 15.48% from 1990 to 1999. The soil erosion modulus was decreased by 33.33% from 1999 to 2006. Also, the stability index of secondary and tertiary economic sectors was 0.86 in the period 1998-2002. However, it decreased by 77% during 2002 to 2007 in Ansai County. These results imply that the Grain for Green Program had different impact on the two regions. Several effective strategies of soil and water conservation have been carried out to ameliorate the sustainable development of ecological environment and economy in these two counties of western China.

The Evaluation of Land Use Changes on Stream Discharge by SWAT Model and Remote Sensing in Agro-Forestry Watershed： A Case Study in Nghinh Tuong Subwatershed, Northern Vietnam

The purpose of this paper was to implement ＂Soil and Water Assessment Tool （SWAT）＂ model and Geographic Information System （GIS） to evaluate the impact of land use changes on stream discharge in Nghinh Tuong watershed （a brand of Cau River） in Northern Vietnam. The watershed was coverd by 56% forestry land, 30% agricultural land and the remain 14% for others. Stream discharge observed data from 2002 to 2007 were used for calibration period and from 2008 to 2012 for validation period. The result showed that two coefficients （NSE and PBIAS） to evaluate model performance were 0.76 and 6.54% for calibration period and 0.87 and 4.74% for validation period, respectively. Stream discharge strongly depends not only on quantity of precipitation but also on land use change. Through the scenario 1, agricultural land （corn, orchard and tea） increases 9,782.67 ha （2.45%）, meanwhile forest （forest-mixed） decreases 1,091.77 ha （2.75%） as compared to baseline scenario. Additionally, precipitation increases 3.74% in mean wet season, but decreases 0.5% in mean dry season with respect to baseline period. SWAT model was able to simulate stream discharge and sediment yield for Nghinh Tuong watershed successfully not only for baseline scenario but also for scenario 1. In brief, SWAT proves its ability in simulation stream discharge in subwatershed level. It is a useful tool to assist water quantity and quality management process in Nghinh Tuong watershed. This work one more time indicated that SWAT is useful tool for resources and environment management.

Agroforestry, Rural Populations, Poplar Plantations and Marketing

One of the objectives of the 1257/99 EU regulation was that rural populations should be able to gain an extra income. This regulation may not be any longer in force, but soon a new one will replace it. The plantations that are created by Greek farmers more specifically the plantations of poplar trees-have a ten-year rotation at least. This means that the time between the establishment of the plantation and the harvest is high. As a consequence, during this time, the market environment （e.g. prices） may face substantial changes. Frequently, these changes are so immense that producers are driven in economic distress. This situation is also linked to the domestic timber supply and imports, and as a result to the product prices. Concerning the market prices of poplar trees, one additional factor that has probably deteriorated the situation is the E.U. expansion. This paper examines a case study in North Greece. Vital conclusions are made which may be useful for the Greek and E.U. decision makers regarding the process of dealing with current issues such as the 1257/99 regulation replacement （1698/2005）.

Synergic Relationship between the Grain for Green Program and the Agricultural Eco-economic System in Ansai County based on the VAR model

Understanding the synergic relationship between the Grain for Green Program(GGP)and the agricultural eco-economic system is important for designing an optimized agricultural eco-economic system and developing a highly efficient structure of an agricultural industry chain and a resource chain.This study used Ansai County time series data from 1995 to 2014,applied vector autoregressive(VAR)models and used tools such as Granger causality,impulse response analysis and variance decomposition,to explore the synergy between the GGP and the agricultural eco-economic system.The results revealed a synergic and reciprocal relationship between the GGP and the agroeconomic system.The contribution of the GGP to the agroecosystem reached 34%,which was significantly higher than either its largest contribution to the agroeconomic system(20.8%)or its peak contribution to the agrosocial system(26.7%).The agroeconomic system had the most prominent influence on the GGP,with a year-round stable contribution of up to 55.3%.These results were consistent with reality.However,the impact of the GGP on the agricultural eco-economic system was weaker than the effect of the agricultural eco-economic system on the GGP.The lag of variable stationarity after the shock was relatively short,indicating that optimal coupling had not formed between the GGP and the agricultural eco-economic system.On the basis of enhancing the ecological functions,we should construct the agricultural industry-resource chain such that it focuses on promoting the effective utilization of resources in the region.In addition,the development of a carbon sink industry can be used to manifest the ecological values of ecological functions.