用冠接法建立橡胶优良有性系种子园研究初报

用冠接法建成93-114×PR107,天任31-45×PR107组合种子园,可分别提早2～3年和1～2年开花结果,是建立优良有性系种子园快速、有效的方法。

桑园低产的成因及改造措施

当前,我国有些蚕区桑园因管理不善及树龄老化等多种原因,导致桑园产量低下,严重影响着蚕桑生产效益的提高。因此,对低产桑园的改造,提高单位面积的产量是增强蚕桑同其他行业竞争的一项重要措施。

Research on Crown Grafting of Seedling Cashew Trees

Objective] The study was aimed to improve the yield and quality of cashew. [Method] Through the comparative analysis, the survival rate, new germi-nation and yield characteristics of the cutting stems with different heights by stem grafting and bark grafting. [Result] The best cutting stem height of cashew should be in 100-150 cm, when the number of new germinated shoots was 85.5-87.7. Stem grafting could significantly improve the survival rate of the shooting branch （92.7%）, growth condition of which was better than that of bark grafting, and it also had no clip cortex. The yield of stem grafting was significantly higher than that of bark grafting, and it could reach up to 18.1 kg/plant in 4 years. The branches from stem grafting had significantly better ability in resisting the wind damage than those from bark grafting. [Conclusion] The study provided references for the crown grafting of cashew planting in China.

思想的大变革推动经济的大发展

一个农业大市要想在短短时间内扭转经济长期低速低效的运行局面,呈现大发展的趋势,其根本措施在于思想观念的大变革。 多年来,宜城市凭借农业优势,成为远近闻名的“小胖子”县,联产承包责任制的内在动力,又使宜城市农业取得长足进展,成为全省第一个“吨粮县”小麦高产样板县、生态农业试点县、全国棉花百强县等桂冠接踵而至。也许是大自然对宜城的恩赐和偏爱,宜城人早已不为温饱所忧,但是根深蒂固的“

The importance of depression and alcohol use in coronary artery bypass graft surgery patients：risk factors for delirium and poorer quality of life

ObjectiveToinvestigate whether depression, anxiety and stress increase the risk for delirium and poor quality of life （QOL） after co-ronary artery bypass （CABG） surgery.MethodsA total of 180 CABG patients （mean age of 63.5 ± 10.1 years, 82.2% males） completed baseline and postoperative self-report questionnaires to assess distress and QOL. Incident delirium was diagnosed postoperatively with a structured clinical interview and patients were monitored every day post-operatively for confusion and disturbance in consciousness.Results Delirium developed in 63 persons （35% of sample）. After adjustment for covariates, delirium was significantly associated with depression [odds ratio （OR）： 1.08; 95% confidence interval （CI）： 1.03-1.13,P = 0.003], anxiety （OR： 1.07; 95% CI： 1.02-1.13,P= 0.01） and stress （OR： 1.05; 95% CI： 1.00-1.09,P= 0.03）. Preoperative depression scores were associated with poorer QOL including bodily pain （β =-0.39,P = 0.013）, vitality （β=-0.32,P = 0.020）, social functioning （β=-0.51,P≤0.001）, emotional role function （β=-0.44,P = 0.003） and general health （β=-0.33,P = 0.038）. Among the covariates, harmful levels of alcohol use was consistently associated with poorer QOL.Conclusions Depression and harmful levels of alcohol use were consistently associated with poorer QOL whereas depression, anxiety and stress were associated with delirium risk. These findings point to further research examining depression and harmful levels of alcohol use in coronary heart disease populations undergoing coronary revascularization.

SUCCESSFUL RESECTION OF CARDIAC ANGIOSARCOMA COMBINED WITH RIGHT CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING

ANGIOSARCOMA is the most common primary malignant cardiac tumor. Until recently, the diagnosis is often not established until the tumor is advanced with vital cardiac structure involved or distal metastasis, mainly because the symptoms are initially nonspecific. The natural history of cardiac angiosarcoma is characterized by a short clinical course and a fatal outcome. Surgical resection remains the preferential therapy for palliation or cure, whereas irradiation and chemotherapy have only limited use. We herein reported a successful radical resection of cardiac angiosarcoma with concomitant reconstruction of right coronary artery, tricuspid leaflet, and atrial wall. The literature on cardiac angiosarcomas is reviewed extensively, with emphasis on presentation and surgical management.

Postoperative atrial fibrillation and vitamin D

To the Editor I have read the article entitled ＂Predictors of new-onset atrial fibrillation in elderly patients with coronary artery disease after coronary artery bypass graft＂ by Anatol＇evna, et al. with great interest. The investigators reported that independent predictors of postoperative atrial fibrillation （POAF） after coronary artery bypass graft （CABG） in eld- erly patients were left atrium dimension （LA） and the in- creased postoperative concentration of Interleukin （IL）-6, IL-8 and superoxide dismutase.

Indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Based on the Nucleocapsid Protein of SARS-like Coronaviruses

The nucleocapsid protein(N) is a major structural protein of coronaviruses. The N protein of bat SARS-like coronavirus(SL-CoV) has a high similarity with that of SARS-CoV. In this study,the SL-CoV N protein was expressed in Escherichia coli,purified and used as antigen. An Indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay(indirect ELISA) was developed for detection of SARS-or SL-CoV infections in bat populations. The detection of 573 bat sera with this indirect ELISA demonstrated that SL-CoVs consistently circulate in Rhinilophus species,further supporting the proposal that bats are natural reservoirs of SL-CoVs. This method uses 1-2 μl of serum sample and can be used for preliminary screening of infections by SARS-or SL-CoV with a small amount of serum sample.

ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction in the elderly

Acute coronary syndromes （ACS） are the leading causes of death in the elderly. The suspicion and diagnosis of ACS in this age group is more difficult, since typical angina is less frequent. The morbidity and mortality is greater in older age patients presenting ACS. Despite the higher prevalence and greater risk, elderly patients are underrepresented in major clinical trials fi：om which evidence based recommendations are formulated. The authors describe, in this article, the challenges in the diagnosis and management of ST elevation myocardial infarction in the elderly, and discuss the available evidence.

Novel pyrimidine-benzimidazole hybrids with antibacterial and antifungal properties and potential inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 main protease and spike glycoprotein

Objective The study aimed to synthesize and characterize pyrimidine-linked benzimidazole hybrids,define their antimicrobial and antifungal activities in vitro,and determine their ability to inhibit the main protease and spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2.Methods The ability of the synthesized compounds to inhibit the main protease and spike glycoprotein inhibitory of SARS-CoV-2 was investigated by assessing their mode of binding to the allosteric site of the enzyme using molecular docking.The structures of pyrimidine-linked benzimidazole derivatives synthesized with microwave assistance were confirmed by spectral analysis.Antibacterial and antifungal activities were determined by broth dilution.Results Gram-negative bateria(Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa)were more sensitive than gram-positive bateria(Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes)to the derivatives.Candida albicans was sensitive to the derivatives at a minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC)of 250μg/mL.The novel derivatives had better binding affinity(kcal/mol)than nelfinavir,lopinavir,ivermectin,remdesivir,and favipiravir,which are under investigation as treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection.Compounds 2c,2e,and 2g formed four hydrogen bonds with the active cavity of the main protease.Many derivatives had good binding affinity for the RBD of the of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein with the formation of up to four hydrogen bonds.Conclusion We synthesized novel pyrimidine-linked benzi-midazole derivatives that were potent antimicrobial agents with ability to inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein.Understanding the pharmacophore features of the main protease and spike glycoprotein offers much scope for the development of more potent agents.We plan to optimize the properties of the derivatives using models in vivo and in vitro so that they will serve as more effective therapeutic options against bacterial and SARS-CoV-2 infections.

A novel human coronavirus:Middle East respiratory syndrome human coronavirus

In 2012,a novel coronavirus,initially named as human coronavirus EMC(HCoV-EMC) but recently renamed as Middle East respiratory syndrome human coronavirus(MERS-CoV),was identified in patients who suffered severe acute respiratory infection and subsequent renal failure that resulted in death.Ongoing epidemiological investigations together with retrospective studies have found 61 laboratory-confirmed cases of infection with this novel coronavirus,including 34 deaths to date.This novel coronavirus is culturable and two complete genome sequences are now available.Furthermore,molecular detection and indirect immunofluorescence assay have been developed.The present paper summarises the limited recent advances of this novel human coronavirus,including its discovery,genomic characterisation and detection.