探测信号中周期性冲击分量的奇异值分解技术

机械设备振动信号中是否存在周期性的冲击分量是其有无故障的重要标志。通常检测的机械振动加速度信号 ,由于信噪比太低 ,即使存在周期性的冲击分量也往往被淹没在强的背景噪声之中。通过时域波形和频谱等基本分析手段来探测振动加速度信号中的周期性冲击分量往往是困难的。本文在总结基于奇异值分解的信号周期分量探测原理的基础上 ,针对现有信号奇异值分解技术存在的问题 ,对信号奇异值分解矩阵的构造方法作了重大改进。通过应用实例显示 。

基于频谱包络分割EWT的轴承故障特征提取方法

为了提高轴承在强干扰背景下的故障诊断精度,提出了一种基于频谱包络分割EWT算法的轴承故障特征提取方法。首先,针对传统EWT算法频段冗余分割导致的模态相似、信号失真等问题,基于三次B样条包络线极点进行了频段分割,有效提取了信号在不同频段的模态分量;然后,使用裕度因子分析了模态分量的敏感度,并分离出了高敏感模态分量,计算了高敏感模态分量的排列熵,组成了特征向量;最后,使用聚类法对频谱包络EWT特征、传统EWT特征、小波信息熵特征进行了分析,其中频谱包络EWT特征不存在类间交叉现象,且类内聚集度较高;将上述3种故障特征输入到支持向量机中进行了模式识别实验。研究结果表明:小波信息熵特征的诊断准确率为93.75%,经典EWT特征的诊断准确率为87.50%,频谱包络EWT特征的诊断准确率为98.75%;这表明频谱包络EWT特征的质量最好,能够在强干扰背景下有效提高轴承的诊断准确率。

Calculation of Ecological Footprint Based on Modified Method and Quantitative Analysis of Its Impact Factors——A Case Study of Shanghai

Ecological footprint （EF） has attracted much attention internationally as a potential indicator for sustainable development. In China, EF has also gained recognition in related fields and disciplines. Moreover, some scholars in these fields have proposed alternative methods to calculate EF and have made some progress. This paper, therefore, begins with the introduction and development of EF in China. However, the established methods of EF calculation hold some limitations, such as indicator variance and result abnormality. In order to resolve those problems, the authors make a further modification considering the demand of EF as a comprehensive indicator： 1） More accurate analysis has been done to divide EF into several parts： imported EF, exported EF, and producible EF, which is the solution to the problem of abnormality in original EF results and can explain abnormal phenomena reasonably. 2） Considering the actual situa- tion of Shanghai, emended equivalence factor is brought forward and a matrix is formed with equivalence factors. The measure can reduce the deviation between the fact and the results. 3） The calculation compares local yield with global average yield to analyze the effects of yields. And based on local yields in different years, the results are more accurate. Finally, the calculation method is applied to calculating EF of Shanghai from 1980 to 2003, and the subsequent detailed analysis is presented. Available data and results suggest a statistically significant correlation coefficient between EF and GDP, population density and urbaniTation level. Through analyzing the process of calculating EF and its results, it can be seen that EF, as a macro-indicator, can not exactly indicate whether development within a region can meet the re- quests of sustainable development, which can be explained by the fact that the result of EF is impacted greatly by sub- jective factors including national policy,available technology, population, etc. Nevertheless, EF can demonstrate, at least to some degree, the regional status in terms of resources and energy consumption, as well as developmental potential. The calculation of EF, therefore, deserves further research to achieve more far-reaching significance in application.

Relation of Primitive Moisture Content and Energy Consumption on Soybean Pod Threshing

In this research, the effects of initial moisture content and needed impact energy on threshing of soybean pods were studied. An impact device was built based of pendulum mechanism. In the experiments, threshing percentage of soybean pod samples were measured at three initial moisture content levels of 16.25% and 35% w.b. and three energy levels of 173,284 and 446 mJ. The results of analysis of variance showed that moisture content and energy have significant effects on the threshing percentage. By increasing impact energy, amount of pod threshing increased. Also in all the energy levels, maximum threshing occurred at minimum moisture. Maximum threshing percentage was 83.4%, which was at 16% moisture content and 446 mJ levels, also minimum threshing percentage was 3.3% which was at 35% moisture content and 174 mJ levels. Soybean pod with higher moisture, contact between its edges of the pod was stronger than lower moisture, so more energy was needed to separate two edges at 35% moisture.

Impact energy analysis of turbulent water sprays for continuous centrifugal concentration

A SLon full-scale continuous centrifugal concentrator was used to reconcentrate hematite from a high gradient magnetic separation concentrate to study the effect of impact angle, concentrate mass and drum rotation speed on the impact energy of turbulent water sprays for continuous centrifugal concentration, under conditions of feed volume flow rate around 9 m3/h, feed solid concentration of 25%-35% and reciprocating velocity of water sprays at 0.05 m/s. The results indicate that a minimal critical impact energy is required in the water sprays for achieving continuous concentration of the concentrator; an unfitted impact angle reduces the impact efficiency, and the highest impact efficiency of 0.6416 is found at the mpact angle of 60°; the increase in concentrate mass leads to an increase in impact energy, and the highest impact efficiency is maintained when the concentrate mass varies in the range of 0.44-0.59 kg/s; when the concentrate mass and the pressure of water sprays are kept at around 0.45 kg/s and in the range of 0.4-0.6 MPa respectively, the impact energy increases proportionally with the increase of drum rotation speed.

Non-Linear Analysis of Energy Absorption Systems under Impact Loads through FEM

This paper presents a non-linear simulation of the impact on a structure with different energy absorption systems using finite element models. Literature review on bistable structure, aluminum foam and expandable polystyrene is presented and taken as basis to propose energy absorption systems. Using a base structure, these systems are implemented by means of finite element modeling. A comparison of the damage caused to the structure in case of impact without implementing energy absorption system, and implementing energy absorption systems based on bistable structures, polystyrene foam and aluminum foam are shown here in. The results demonstrate the advantages of using energy absorption systems on structures under impact loads.

Dynamic response analysis of ship-bridge collisions experiment

Over the past decades, there has been continual construction of sea-crossing bridges as the technology of transportation improves. The probability of bridge pier being subjected to more vehicular impact is also growing. This study performed scale model tests and analyzed a collision mechanism considering the non-navigable span of a sea-crossing bridge in East China Sea as an engineering background. Comparing the test results with the finite element calculations, the dynamic response of the sample bridge and local damages of the fragile components under impact force were evaluated. Subsequently, the time-frequency characteristics of the vibration signal were analyzed based on wavelet packet analysis, and the multi-resolution characteristics as well as energy distribution of the vibration signal were discussed. It was observed that the impact energy transferred from ship to pier during the period of collision distributed different frequency bands with varying characteristics. The main frequency band(0–62.5 Hz) contains more than 75% of the vibration energy. The analysis can provide a basis for structural damage identification after the collision and anti-collision design of bridges.

Equation of State for Shock Compressed Xenon in the Ionization Regime:ab Initio Study

Quantum molecular dynamic (QMD) simulations have been applied to study the thermophysical properties of liquid xenon under dynamic compressions. The equation of state (EOS) obtained from QMD calculations are corrected according to Saha equation, and contributions from atomic ionization, which are of predominance in determining the EOS at high temperature and pressure, are considered. For the pressures below 160 GPa, the necessity in accounting for the atomic ionization has been demonstrated by the Hugoniot curve, which shows excellent agreement with previous experimental measurements, and three levels of ionization have been proved to be sufficient at this stage.