The method has been established to calculate the environmental capacity (ECO), surplus environment capacity (SECO) of water with respect to marine petroleum hydrocarbons associated with oil (PHAOs) and the self-purifi...The method has been established to calculate the environmental capacity (ECO), surplus environment capacity (SECO) of water with respect to marine petroleum hydrocarbons associated with oil (PHAOs) and the self-purification capacity (SPCO) of main self-purification process to PHAOs in the Jiaozhou Bay, China, according to the dynamic model for distribution of marine PHAOs among multiphase environments. The variation of concentration of PHAOs in the Jiaozhou Bay is well simulated by the dynamic model. Based on the model, the ECo, SECo of water with respect to PHAOs in the Jiaozhou Bay were calculated during the last 10 years under the first-class and second-class quality standard requirement, according to SPCO of main self-purification process to PHAOs. The results show that about 200 tons of PHAOs could be discharged into the Jiaozhou Bay for maintaining the first class seawater quality standard, and about 600 tons of PHAOs for the second class seawater quality standard later.展开更多
In the present study,we aimed to explore the timing of dosing with dapagliflozin(DAPA)in patients with hypovolemia and the role of the clinical pharmacist in pharmacological monitoring.The clinical pharmacist was invo...In the present study,we aimed to explore the timing of dosing with dapagliflozin(DAPA)in patients with hypovolemia and the role of the clinical pharmacist in pharmacological monitoring.The clinical pharmacist was involved in the dosing regimen of two patients with hypovolemia using DAPA and advising patients with insufficient blood volume to withhold the use of the drug.They reviewed the relevant literature to provide a theoretical basis for clinicians and the role of clinical pharmacists in pharmacy services.When considering patients with hypovolemia,the clinical pharmacist can promptly identify that DAPA can reduce blood volume and provide rational advice and rationale for the patient‟s medication that is adopted by the clinician,resulting in an individualized dosing regimen for the patient.Clinical pharmacists are advised to pay attention to the dosing adjustments of DAPA when patients are in hypovolemia and to be more alert to the adverse effects that can result from its use.展开更多
基金Supported bythe National Natural Science Foundation of China projects ( NSFC-40136020 NSFC-40376033)the National +1 种基金Basic Research Priorities Programme (2001CB409703)the Key Project of Chinese Ministry of Education (No.01110)Shandong Nature Science
文摘The method has been established to calculate the environmental capacity (ECO), surplus environment capacity (SECO) of water with respect to marine petroleum hydrocarbons associated with oil (PHAOs) and the self-purification capacity (SPCO) of main self-purification process to PHAOs in the Jiaozhou Bay, China, according to the dynamic model for distribution of marine PHAOs among multiphase environments. The variation of concentration of PHAOs in the Jiaozhou Bay is well simulated by the dynamic model. Based on the model, the ECo, SECo of water with respect to PHAOs in the Jiaozhou Bay were calculated during the last 10 years under the first-class and second-class quality standard requirement, according to SPCO of main self-purification process to PHAOs. The results show that about 200 tons of PHAOs could be discharged into the Jiaozhou Bay for maintaining the first class seawater quality standard, and about 600 tons of PHAOs for the second class seawater quality standard later.
文摘In the present study,we aimed to explore the timing of dosing with dapagliflozin(DAPA)in patients with hypovolemia and the role of the clinical pharmacist in pharmacological monitoring.The clinical pharmacist was involved in the dosing regimen of two patients with hypovolemia using DAPA and advising patients with insufficient blood volume to withhold the use of the drug.They reviewed the relevant literature to provide a theoretical basis for clinicians and the role of clinical pharmacists in pharmacy services.When considering patients with hypovolemia,the clinical pharmacist can promptly identify that DAPA can reduce blood volume and provide rational advice and rationale for the patient‟s medication that is adopted by the clinician,resulting in an individualized dosing regimen for the patient.Clinical pharmacists are advised to pay attention to the dosing adjustments of DAPA when patients are in hypovolemia and to be more alert to the adverse effects that can result from its use.
