The ultra-supercritical pressure coal-fired power-generation technology (USCT) isa mature, advanced and efficient power generation technology in the world. Comparisonsamong several principal clean coal power-generatio...The ultra-supercritical pressure coal-fired power-generation technology (USCT) isa mature, advanced and efficient power generation technology in the world. Comparisonsamong several principal clean coal power-generation technologies show that USCT withpollutant-emission control equipment is superior to others in efficiency, capacity, reliability,investment and environment protection etc. Analyzing the main problems existing in thermalpower industry, it is concluded that the USCT is the preferential choice for China to developclean coal power-generation technology at present. Considering the foundation of thepower industry, the manufacturing industry for power generating equipment and otherrelated industries, it is concluded that China has satisfied the qualifications to develop USCT.展开更多
As the main external pollution source of lake,nitrogen and phosphorus from agricultural non-point source make a great contribution to the lake eutrophication pollution.Wetland lakefront zone which plays a key role in ...As the main external pollution source of lake,nitrogen and phosphorus from agricultural non-point source make a great contribution to the lake eutrophication pollution.Wetland lakefront zone which plays a key role in externally agricultural non-point source pollution is considered as the biggest barrier for controlling external pollution.In this research,the Jian lake plateau Zizania latifolia wetland lakefront zone was selected for agricultural non-point source pollutions control with the systematic field research,and the lakefront zone was approved to have an effective purification effect on nitrogen and phosphorus from Jinlong River; the theoretical mechanism of lakefront zone removing nutrient was also investigated.Z.latifolia wetland lakefront zone could remove nitrogen and phosphorus from Jinlong River and the removal ratio can reach 55.8-62.52% and 59.47-69.81% respectively.So,we can indicate that the Jian Lake plateau Z.latifolia wetland lakefront zone had a good effect on controlling agricultural non-point source pollution and protecting the environment.展开更多
By using the experimental approach of dropping liquid, the coupling of three anionic wetting agents with ten dust samples of sulfide ores was studied, and particularly the wetting effects of the wetting agents on the ...By using the experimental approach of dropping liquid, the coupling of three anionic wetting agents with ten dust samples of sulfide ores was studied, and particularly the wetting effects of the wetting agents on the sulfide dust influenced by factors of agent concentration and sulfate additive in the wetting agent solutions were investigated. The results show that when the solution temperature is about 20 ℃, all the selected wetting agents are effective to most dust samples, but the effect is different. Wetting agents are more effective to the dust which is difficult to be wetted. Wetting agent solution with sodium sulfate can improve the wetting ability of sulfide dust. For sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, the suitable concentration of sodium sulfate is 12 mmol/L. The cost of wetting agents can be reduced because the sodium sulfate is much cheaper than many surfactants. Since the dust of sulfide ores is composed of various minerals and elements, the whole effect of depressing dust should be considered while innovating a wetting agent.展开更多
Coal is the dominant primary energy source in China and the major source of greenhouse gases and air pollutants. To facilitate the use of coal in an environmentally satisfactory and economically viable way, clean coal...Coal is the dominant primary energy source in China and the major source of greenhouse gases and air pollutants. To facilitate the use of coal in an environmentally satisfactory and economically viable way, clean coal technologies （CCTs） are necessary. This paper presents a review of recent research and development of four kinds of CCTs： coal power generation; coal conversion; pollution control; and carbon capture, utilization, and storage. It also outlines future perspectives on directions for technology re search and development （R＆D）. This review shows that China has made remarkable progress in the R＆D of CCTs, and that a number of CCTs have now entered into the commercialization stage.展开更多
The investigation of indoor-air quality in newly built and newly decorated residences in Chongqing revealed that the average concentration of formaldehyde and ammonia in these residences exceeded the upper limits of t...The investigation of indoor-air quality in newly built and newly decorated residences in Chongqing revealed that the average concentration of formaldehyde and ammonia in these residences exceeded the upper limits of the standard. The situation of indoor air pollution varied with the type of rooms. The results of investigation show that the indoor-air pollutants caused by decoration work should not be ignored anymore.展开更多
In order to investigate the feasibility of pretreating the micro-polluted Yellow River raw water by constructed wetland, an experiment was conducted using a surface flow constructed wetland with composite plant bed. T...In order to investigate the feasibility of pretreating the micro-polluted Yellow River raw water by constructed wetland, an experiment was conducted using a surface flow constructed wetland with composite plant bed. The contamination removal efficiency and their trends in the wetland treatment system were studied under different hydraulic loading rates(HLR). The contamination removal efficiencies were compared according to the seasonal change under optimum HLR. The result shows that in the same season, under different hydraulic loadings ranging from 2 to 6 m3/(m2·d) at the same period, the best HLR is 4 m3/(m2·d) in the experimental system. The average removal rates of COD, TN, ammoniacal nitrogen(NH4+-N), and TP in the constructed wetland are 38.37%, 45.97%, 39.86% and 41.69%, respectively. According to China Standard for Surface Water Resources (GB3838-2002), mean effluent of COD, TN, NH4+-N and TP can nearly reach Grade Ⅲ, GradeⅤ, GradeⅠand GradeⅠ, respectively. Furthermore, treatment efficiency of the system in summer is obvious higher than that in other seasons. The expenditure of constructing the constructed wetland with the average treating capacity of 176 m3/d and lifetime of 20 years is 17075.00 RMB. The average disposal cost is summed up to 0.17 RMB/m3, which shows that the pretreatment of the micro-polluted Yellow River raw water by constructed wetland is feasible.展开更多
Exhaust gas in molding shop was complicated in component and characteristicin low thickness asphalt smoke,mass steam-gas and dust.It was difficult to purify the sootwith common purifier.So we must consider them roundl...Exhaust gas in molding shop was complicated in component and characteristicin low thickness asphalt smoke,mass steam-gas and dust.It was difficult to purify the sootwith common purifier.So we must consider them roundly and develop new multifunctionpurifier.PFP multifunction soot purifier was made on the base of design optimization andwas installed at Shenhuo Coking Factory in 2004.The combined effects of multi-mecha-nism in purifier make purifying ratio keep in high level.The remove ratio of smut reachesat 92.8%,and asphalt smoke at 83.7%.展开更多
This review proposes associated standards from abroad regarding chemical contamination of the air, and has analyzed the formation of chemical air pollution, the common contaminants and the testing methods of projects....This review proposes associated standards from abroad regarding chemical contamination of the air, and has analyzed the formation of chemical air pollution, the common contaminants and the testing methods of projects. This paper demonstrates the capability of China to begin commercial testing of chemical contamination of the air. In addition, it offers technological references of the feasibility for adopting the international standard ISO14644-8：2006.展开更多
The multi-stages humidifier semi-dry flue gas cleaning technology, the CRS plasma flue gas cleaning technology and oxidative additive flue gas cleaning technology were investigated for multi-pollutants removal. The se...The multi-stages humidifier semi-dry flue gas cleaning technology, the CRS plasma flue gas cleaning technology and oxidative additive flue gas cleaning technology were investigated for multi-pollutants removal. The semi-dry flue gas cleaning technology using multi-stages humidifier and additive can improve oxidation and absorption, and it can achieve high multi-pollutants removal efficiency. The CRS discharge can produce many OH radicals that promote NO oxidation. Combining NaOH absorption can achieve high deSO2 and deNO, efficiencies. It is fit for the reconstruction of primary wet flue gas desulfurization （WFGD）. In addition, using NaClO2 as additive in the absorbent of WFGD can obtain very high removal efficiency of SO2 and NOx.展开更多
Many minerals in nature have self-purification capacity to hold and stabilize deleterious contaminants into their lattice structures,which can be used for treatment of heavy metals-bearing contaminants. Hydrotalcite L...Many minerals in nature have self-purification capacity to hold and stabilize deleterious contaminants into their lattice structures,which can be used for treatment of heavy metals-bearing contaminants. Hydrotalcite Layer Double Hydroxide (LDH),tobermorite Calcium Silicate Hydrate (CSH) and apatite are ubiquitous minerals in nature,having higher geochemical stability and potential for binding and stabilizing heavy metals. Based on the elucidation of crystal structure property and self-purification principles of the three minerals above,this article discussed how to design the self-purification system of heavy metal-bearing contaminants.展开更多
Nowadays, many people work in an office environment. Air pollutants, including particles and gases, are generated by humans and by different devices that are used in offices. Pollutants can also enter an office room w...Nowadays, many people work in an office environment. Air pollutants, including particles and gases, are generated by humans and by different devices that are used in offices. Pollutants can also enter an office room with the air supplied from outdoors. It has been established that air pollutants have adverse health effects on human body. Air cleaning devices are commonly marketed as being beneficial for the health by removing air pollutants and consequently improving indoor air quality. The performance of five air cleaning technologies was tested in order to determine the generation of ozone and particles in an office room. The particle removal effectiveness of the technologies was also determined in order to clarify their ability to remove UFPs （ultrafine particles） in the office room. The tested five air cleaning technologies are non-thermal plasma, corona discharge ionizer, portable air purifier, electrostatic fibrous filter and three-dimensional fibrous filter. The interior surfaces of the office room emit low levels of volatile organic compounds, since the office room has not been refurbished for about two decades. The results showed that the particle removal effectiveness of the technologies was ranged between 0.2 and 0.45 for the office room. The three technologies using/generating ozone significantly increased the ozone level in the office room. However, no increase of the UFP concentration was detected.展开更多
文摘The ultra-supercritical pressure coal-fired power-generation technology (USCT) isa mature, advanced and efficient power generation technology in the world. Comparisonsamong several principal clean coal power-generation technologies show that USCT withpollutant-emission control equipment is superior to others in efficiency, capacity, reliability,investment and environment protection etc. Analyzing the main problems existing in thermalpower industry, it is concluded that the USCT is the preferential choice for China to developclean coal power-generation technology at present. Considering the foundation of thepower industry, the manufacturing industry for power generating equipment and otherrelated industries, it is concluded that China has satisfied the qualifications to develop USCT.
基金Supported by National Key Basic Research Development Plan(973) Early Special Item(2008CB41720)Yunnan Application Basic Research Apparent Project (2009ZC083M)+1 种基金Yunnan Technological Plan Project (2008CA006)Apparent Fund Project of South West Forestry University (200804M)~~
文摘As the main external pollution source of lake,nitrogen and phosphorus from agricultural non-point source make a great contribution to the lake eutrophication pollution.Wetland lakefront zone which plays a key role in externally agricultural non-point source pollution is considered as the biggest barrier for controlling external pollution.In this research,the Jian lake plateau Zizania latifolia wetland lakefront zone was selected for agricultural non-point source pollutions control with the systematic field research,and the lakefront zone was approved to have an effective purification effect on nitrogen and phosphorus from Jinlong River; the theoretical mechanism of lakefront zone removing nutrient was also investigated.Z.latifolia wetland lakefront zone could remove nitrogen and phosphorus from Jinlong River and the removal ratio can reach 55.8-62.52% and 59.47-69.81% respectively.So,we can indicate that the Jian Lake plateau Z.latifolia wetland lakefront zone had a good effect on controlling agricultural non-point source pollution and protecting the environment.
文摘By using the experimental approach of dropping liquid, the coupling of three anionic wetting agents with ten dust samples of sulfide ores was studied, and particularly the wetting effects of the wetting agents on the sulfide dust influenced by factors of agent concentration and sulfate additive in the wetting agent solutions were investigated. The results show that when the solution temperature is about 20 ℃, all the selected wetting agents are effective to most dust samples, but the effect is different. Wetting agents are more effective to the dust which is difficult to be wetted. Wetting agent solution with sodium sulfate can improve the wetting ability of sulfide dust. For sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, the suitable concentration of sodium sulfate is 12 mmol/L. The cost of wetting agents can be reduced because the sodium sulfate is much cheaper than many surfactants. Since the dust of sulfide ores is composed of various minerals and elements, the whole effect of depressing dust should be considered while innovating a wetting agent.
基金Acknowledgements The authors gratefully acknowledge the funding support from the National Key Basic Research Program of China （2013CB228500）, the National Natural Science Foundation of Chi- na （71203119）, and the Advanced Coal Technology Consortium of CERC （2016YFE0102500）.
文摘Coal is the dominant primary energy source in China and the major source of greenhouse gases and air pollutants. To facilitate the use of coal in an environmentally satisfactory and economically viable way, clean coal technologies （CCTs） are necessary. This paper presents a review of recent research and development of four kinds of CCTs： coal power generation; coal conversion; pollution control; and carbon capture, utilization, and storage. It also outlines future perspectives on directions for technology re search and development （R＆D）. This review shows that China has made remarkable progress in the R＆D of CCTs, and that a number of CCTs have now entered into the commercialization stage.
基金Key Laboratory on Heat and Gas Supply, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Engineering, Beijing Institute of Architecture and Engineering, and by the Foundation of Chongqing University for Key Teachers.
文摘The investigation of indoor-air quality in newly built and newly decorated residences in Chongqing revealed that the average concentration of formaldehyde and ammonia in these residences exceeded the upper limits of the standard. The situation of indoor air pollution varied with the type of rooms. The results of investigation show that the indoor-air pollutants caused by decoration work should not be ignored anymore.
基金the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(Grant No.2006AA06Z303).
文摘In order to investigate the feasibility of pretreating the micro-polluted Yellow River raw water by constructed wetland, an experiment was conducted using a surface flow constructed wetland with composite plant bed. The contamination removal efficiency and their trends in the wetland treatment system were studied under different hydraulic loading rates(HLR). The contamination removal efficiencies were compared according to the seasonal change under optimum HLR. The result shows that in the same season, under different hydraulic loadings ranging from 2 to 6 m3/(m2·d) at the same period, the best HLR is 4 m3/(m2·d) in the experimental system. The average removal rates of COD, TN, ammoniacal nitrogen(NH4+-N), and TP in the constructed wetland are 38.37%, 45.97%, 39.86% and 41.69%, respectively. According to China Standard for Surface Water Resources (GB3838-2002), mean effluent of COD, TN, NH4+-N and TP can nearly reach Grade Ⅲ, GradeⅤ, GradeⅠand GradeⅠ, respectively. Furthermore, treatment efficiency of the system in summer is obvious higher than that in other seasons. The expenditure of constructing the constructed wetland with the average treating capacity of 176 m3/d and lifetime of 20 years is 17075.00 RMB. The average disposal cost is summed up to 0.17 RMB/m3, which shows that the pretreatment of the micro-polluted Yellow River raw water by constructed wetland is feasible.
文摘Exhaust gas in molding shop was complicated in component and characteristicin low thickness asphalt smoke,mass steam-gas and dust.It was difficult to purify the sootwith common purifier.So we must consider them roundly and develop new multifunctionpurifier.PFP multifunction soot purifier was made on the base of design optimization andwas installed at Shenhuo Coking Factory in 2004.The combined effects of multi-mecha-nism in purifier make purifying ratio keep in high level.The remove ratio of smut reachesat 92.8%,and asphalt smoke at 83.7%.
文摘This review proposes associated standards from abroad regarding chemical contamination of the air, and has analyzed the formation of chemical air pollution, the common contaminants and the testing methods of projects. This paper demonstrates the capability of China to begin commercial testing of chemical contamination of the air. In addition, it offers technological references of the feasibility for adopting the international standard ISO14644-8：2006.
基金supported by NSF of Zhejiang (Y507079)EOP of Zhejiang (Y200702725)PSF of China (20080431325)
文摘The multi-stages humidifier semi-dry flue gas cleaning technology, the CRS plasma flue gas cleaning technology and oxidative additive flue gas cleaning technology were investigated for multi-pollutants removal. The semi-dry flue gas cleaning technology using multi-stages humidifier and additive can improve oxidation and absorption, and it can achieve high multi-pollutants removal efficiency. The CRS discharge can produce many OH radicals that promote NO oxidation. Combining NaOH absorption can achieve high deSO2 and deNO, efficiencies. It is fit for the reconstruction of primary wet flue gas desulfurization （WFGD）. In addition, using NaClO2 as additive in the absorbent of WFGD can obtain very high removal efficiency of SO2 and NOx.
文摘Many minerals in nature have self-purification capacity to hold and stabilize deleterious contaminants into their lattice structures,which can be used for treatment of heavy metals-bearing contaminants. Hydrotalcite Layer Double Hydroxide (LDH),tobermorite Calcium Silicate Hydrate (CSH) and apatite are ubiquitous minerals in nature,having higher geochemical stability and potential for binding and stabilizing heavy metals. Based on the elucidation of crystal structure property and self-purification principles of the three minerals above,this article discussed how to design the self-purification system of heavy metal-bearing contaminants.
文摘Nowadays, many people work in an office environment. Air pollutants, including particles and gases, are generated by humans and by different devices that are used in offices. Pollutants can also enter an office room with the air supplied from outdoors. It has been established that air pollutants have adverse health effects on human body. Air cleaning devices are commonly marketed as being beneficial for the health by removing air pollutants and consequently improving indoor air quality. The performance of five air cleaning technologies was tested in order to determine the generation of ozone and particles in an office room. The particle removal effectiveness of the technologies was also determined in order to clarify their ability to remove UFPs （ultrafine particles） in the office room. The tested five air cleaning technologies are non-thermal plasma, corona discharge ionizer, portable air purifier, electrostatic fibrous filter and three-dimensional fibrous filter. The interior surfaces of the office room emit low levels of volatile organic compounds, since the office room has not been refurbished for about two decades. The results showed that the particle removal effectiveness of the technologies was ranged between 0.2 and 0.45 for the office room. The three technologies using/generating ozone significantly increased the ozone level in the office room. However, no increase of the UFP concentration was detected.
