脱油型水力旋流器分离准数模型的建立

在分析影响脱油型水力族流器分离性能的结构参数、操作参数、物性参数和分离性能指标的基础上，利用相似理论推导出相似准数，结合逐步回归分析方法处理现场试验数据，建立了能反映脱油型水力旋流器分离性能的指标与其影响参数间的分离准数模型，统计检验结果表明，这组模型具有较高的精度。对模型分析后认为：除油效率主要受处理液含油浓度影响，其次受底流口压力与进口压力的比值pu／pi、雷诺准数的影响；分流比主要受pu／pi的影响，其次受溢流口直径和底流口直径影响；要提高旋流器的处理量，主要应增大旋流器的当量直径，但增大族流器的当量直径对提高除油效率却未必有利。该模型的建立对脱油型水力旋流器的参数优化及进一步研究提供了一种方法。

微旋流沉降器分离效率的准数模型

通过因次分析和实验数据回归建立了新型微旋流沉降器的无因次准数模型。用模拟悬浮液通过改变流体流量?原水浊度?絮凝剂量?沉降器波纹板斜槽的直径进行沉降实验,测定进水流量、絮凝体沉速、进出水及澄清器内各点溢流水的浊度。结果表明:絮凝体沉速对出水浊度的影响最大;流体流速较小时,增大流速出水浊度减小,流速较大时,增大流速出水浊度增大;波纹斜槽直径越小分离效率越高。实验数据回归的分离效率准数模型与实验及工业数据吻合良好。

水力旋流器分离准数模型的研究

对影响水力旋流器性能的结构参数、操作参数和物性参数及各种分离性能指标进行了综合研究。利用相似理论结合水力旋流器分离磷酸污水的实验数据，借助逐步回归分析方法建立了描述相似准数间相关关系的准数模型。该模型可用于分离磷石膏及类似物料的水力旋流器分离性能的预测，还可对水力旋流器进行优化、放大设计及操作优化。

用因次分析法建立预测模型

本文以耐用消费品为例用因次法建立销售量系统的准数模型。 1.因次分析法的基本思想: 在工程上为简化问题的分析,并尽可能以较少的实验次数建立复杂的多变量模型,往往采用因次分析的方法。因次分析法的基本思想是因次一致性原则,对于一个能合理反映经济现象的方程。

Coherence of wind pressure on domes

The concept of the coherence function is adopted to find the wind pressure correlation of two points on domes of different rise-span ratios. The pressure measurements are made on the dome roof models by the wind tunnel test. The coherence functions for different separation distances at several directions of the domes from different wind directions are examined. The results show that there is a strong correlation for two adjacent points at low frequency, but not for non-adjacent points. The coherence of the wind pressure increases with the decrease in the separation distance. Moreover, the coherence of the wind pressure is in the strongest correlation on the along-wind direction at the same separation, but the lowest correlation is on the cross-wind direction. The detailed derivation of the proposed exponential coherence model of the wind pressure from experimental data is also discussed. It is found that the proposed exponential coherence model can be appropriate, especially, for small separations and the change in the directions on domes. Based on the quasi-steady theory, the relationship between the wind pressure and the wind velocity on the basis of the coherence model is also examined. The coherence observed between the wind pressure and the wind velocity is not adequately predicted by the quasi-steady theory.

Fractional Birkhoffian Dynamics Based on Quasi-fractional Dynamics Models and Its Lie Symmetry

In order to investigate the dynamic behavior of non-conservative systems,the Lie symmetries and conserved quantities of fractional Birkhoffian dynamics based on quasi-fractional dynamics model are proposed and studied.The quasi-fractional dynamics model here refers to the variational problem based on the definition of RiemannLiouville fractional integral(RLFI),the variational problem based on the definition of extended exponentially fractional integral(EEFI),and the variational problem based on the definition of fractional integral extended by periodic laws(FIEPL).First,the fractional Pfaff-Birkhoff principles based on quasi-fractional dynamics models are established,and the corresponding Birkhoff’s equations and the determining equations of Lie symmetry are obtained.Second,for fractional Birkhoffian systems based on quasi-fractional models,the conditions and forms of conserved quantities are given,and Lie symmetry theorems are proved.The Pfaff-Birkhoff principles,Birkhoff’s equations and Lie symmetry theorems of quasi-fractional Birkhoffian systems and classical Birkhoffian systems are special cases of this article.Finally,some examples are given.

Coal mining GPS subsidence monitoring technology and its application

We proved theoretically that geodetic height, measured with Global Positioning System （GPS）, can he applied directly to monitor coal mine subsidence. Based on a Support Vector Machine （SVM） model, we built a regional geoid model with a Gaussian Radial Basis Function （RBF） and the technical scheme for GPS coal mine subsidence monitoring is presented to provide subsidence information for updating the regional Digital Elevation Model （DEM）. The theory proposed was applied to monitor mining subsi- dence in an Inner Mongolia coal mine in China. The scheme established an accurate GPS reference net- work and a comprehensive leveling conjunction provided the normal height of all GPS control points. According to the case study, the SVM model to establish geoid-model is better than a polynomial fit or a Genetic Algorithm based Back Propagation （GA-BP）neural network. GPS-RTK measurements of coal mine subsidence information can be quickly acquired for updating the DEM.

A Quasi-steady-state Model for Numerical Simulation of Batch Extractive Distillation

Batch extractive distillation(BED)is a special method used in the distillation process by adding a solvent into the batch distillation column to alter the relative volatility of the components and improve the separation. A comprehensive design and simulation method is required due to the complexity of BED.In this study,a quasi-steady-state model for BED is proposed,the derivation and solution of the model are presented.This shortcut model can be used to simulate the composition and temperature of the reboiler,the top and other plates of the column in a batch extractive distillation operation.The calculated values are in good agreement with the experimental data.The results show that the quasi-steady-state model is a practical method because of some advantages such as high precision and fast calculation.

QTPV Data Model and Algorithm and Its Application to Geological Exploration Engineering

3D spatial data model and simulating are the core of 3D GIS can be adopted indifferent domains. A data model based on Quasi Tri-Prism Volume (QTPV) has been proposed. QTPVdefinition and its special cases have been discussed. Using QTPV and its special cases, irregularnatural geological bodies and regular subsurface engineering can be described efficiently. Theproposed model is composed of five primitives and six objects. Data structures and topologicalrelationship of the fives primitives and three objects describing stratigraphy are designed indetail. Some schemes are designed for the QTPV modelling of stratigraphy and subsurface engineeringaccording to modelling data. The model manipulation method of QTPV cutting by an arbitrary plane isdiscussed. Using VC^(++)6. 0 programming language integrated with SQL database and OpenGL graphiclibrary under windows environment, a system prototype 3DGeoMV has been developed. The experimentresult shows that the QTPV model is feasible and efficient in modelling subsurface engineering.

Extension of LCVM-type mixing rule to three-parameter equations of state for vapor-liquid equilibria of mixtures

In this paper, the LCVM mixing rule is extended to the multi-parameter equations of state by combining infi- nite-pressure and zero-pressure mixing rule models. The new LCVM-type mixing rule, coupled with Patel-Teja equation of state (EOS) is applied for vapor-liquid equilibria of different polar and non-polar systems in which the NRTL activity coefficient model is used to calculate the excess Gibbs free energy. The tested results agree well with existing experimental data within a wide range of temperatures and pressures. In comparison with the Van der Waals mixing rule, the new mixing rule gives much better corre- lations for the vapor-liquid equilibria of non-polar and polar systems.

Estimate Totel Number of the Earth Atmospheric Particle with Standard Atmosphere model

The total number of atmospheric particle (AP) is an important datum for planetary science and geoscience. Estimating entire AP number is also a familiar question in general physics. With standard atmosphere model, considering the number difference of AP caused by rough and uneven in the earth surface below, the sum of dry clean atmosphere particle is . So the whole number of AP including water vapor is . The rough estimation for the total number of AP on other planets (or satellites) in condensed state is also discussed on the base of it.

REDEFINING ENSO EPISODES BASED ON CHANGED CLIMATE REFERENCES

Through studying changes in ENSO indices relative to change of climate reference from 1961~1990 to 1971~2000, the study generated new standards to define ENSO episodes and their intensities. Then according to the new climate references and new index standards, ENSO episodes and their intensities for the period 1951 -2003 have been classified. Finally, an analysis has been performed comparing the new characteristics with the old ones for ENSO period, peak values and intensities.

Evaluating the impact of spatio-temporal scale on CPUE standardization

This study focused on the quantitative evaluation of the impact of the spatio-temporal scale used in data collection and grouping on the standardization of CPUE(catch per unit effort).We used the Chinese squid-jigging fishery in the northwestern Pacific Ocean as an example to evaluate 24 scenarios at different spatio-temporal scales,with a combination of four levels of temporal scale(weekly,biweekly,monthly,and bimonthly)and six levels of spatial scale(longitude×latitude:0.5°×0.5°,0.5°×1°,0.5°×2°,1°×0.5°,1°×1°,and 1°×2°).We applied generalized additive models and generalized linear models to analyze the24 scenarios for CPUE standardization,and then the differences in the standardized CPUE among these scenarios were quantified.This study shows that combinations of different spatial and temporal scales could have different impacts on the standardization of CPUE.However,at a fine temporal scale(weekly)different spatial scales yielded similar results for standardized CPUE.The choice of spatio-temporal scale used in data collection and analysis may create added uncertainty in fisheries stock assessment and management.To identify a cost-effective spatio-temporal scale for data collection,we recommend a similar study be undertaken to facilitate the design of effective monitoring programs.

Simulation of liquid-gas flow in full-scale Caroussel oxidation ditch with surface aeration

A model for liquid-gas flow （MLGF）, considering the flee movement of liquid surface, was built to simulate the wastewater velocity field and gas distribution in a full-scale Caroussel oxidation ditch with surface aeration. It was calibrated and validated by field measurement data, and the calibrated parameters and sections were selected based on both model analysis and numerical computation. The simulated velocities of MLGF were compared to that of a model for wastewater-sludge flow （MWSF）. The results show that the free liquid surface considered in MLGF improves the simulated velocity results of upper layer and surface. Moreover, distribution of gas volume fraction （GVF） simulated by MLGF was compared to dissolved oxygen （DO） measured in the oxidation ditch. It is shown that DO distribution is affected by many factors besides GVF distribution.

Research of database-based modeling for mining management system

Put forward the method to construct the simulation model automatically with database-based automatic modeling(DBAM) for mining system. Designed the standard simulation model linked with some open cut Pautomobile dispatch system. Analyzed and finded out the law among them, and designed model maker to realize the automatic pro- gramming of the new model program.

Inverted Simulations Demonstrating Strong Ecological Fallacies in Cohort Studies

We start with a description of the statistical inferential framework and the duality between observed data and the true state of nature that underlies it. We demonstrate here that the usual testing of dueling hypotheses and the acceptance of one and the rejection of the other is a framework which can often be faulty when such inferences are applied to individual subjects. This follows from noting that the statistical inferential framework is predominantly based on conclusions drawn for aggregates and noting that what is true in the aggregate frequently does not hold for individuals, an ecological fallacy. Such a fallacy is usually seen as problematic when each data record represents aggregate statistics for counties or districts and not data for individuals. Here we demonstrate strong ecological fallacies even when using subject data. Inverted simulations, of trials rightly sized to detect meaningful differences, yielding a statistically significant p-value of 0.000001 （1 in a million） and associated with clinically meaningful differences between a hypothetical new therapy and a standard therapy, had a proportion of instances of subjects with standard therapy effect better than new therapy effects close to 30%. A ―winner take all‖ choice between two hypotheses may not be supported by statistically significant differences based on stochastic data. We also argue the incorrectness across many individuals of other summaries such as correlations, density estimates, standard deviations and predictions based on machine learning models. Despite artifacts we support the use of prospective clinical trials and careful unbiased model building as necessary first steps. In health care, high touch personalized care based on patient level data will remain relevant even as we adopt more high tech data-intensive personalized therapeutic strategies based on aggregates.

Towards a New Geoid Model of Tanzania Using Precise Gravity Data

The new geoid model of Tanzania is a major breakthrough in the determination of vertical heights for the past 60 years. A new geoid model has been computed using precise gravity data supplemented with marine gravity data from Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment （GRACE） satellite and new high-resolution satellite gravity data from Gravity field and steady-state Ocean Circulation Explorer （GOCE）. A digital terrain model was also used based on 15＂ Shuttle and Rader Terrain Model （SRTM） data. The use of gravity data makes an orthometric height easily computed using Global Navigation Satellite System （GNSS）. The GNSS is being used in many African countries including Tanzania and soon it will replace conventional leveling technique and avoid frequent maintenance of benchmarks. This paper presents preliminary result of a new geoid model which shows that by using precious gravity data and Remove-Compute-Restore technique, an accuracy of 10 cm can be reached.

Investigation on characteristics of liquid self-diffusion in slit nanopores using simple quasicrystal model of liquid

Dynamical properties of liquid in nano-channels attract much interest because of their applications in engineering and biological systems. The transfer behavior of liquid confined within nanopores differs significantly from that in the bulk. Based on the simple quasicrystal model of liquid, analytical expressions of self-diffusion coefficient both in bulk and in slit nanopore are derived from the Stokes–Einstein equation and the modified Eyring's equation for viscosity. The local self-diffusion coefficient in different layers of liquid and the global self-diffusion coefficient in the slit nanopore are deduced from these expressions. The influences of confinement by pore walls,pore widths, liquid density, and temperature on the self-diffusion coefficient are investigated. The results indicate that the self-diffusion coefficient in nanopore increases with the pore width and approaches the bulk value as the pore width is sufficiently large. Similar to that in bulk state, the self-diffusion coefficient in nanopore decreases with the increase of density and the decrease of temperature, but these dependences are weaker than that in bulk state and become even weaker as the pore width decreases. This work provides a simple method to capture the physical behavior and to investigate the dynamic properties of liquid in nanopores.

Corporate Tax Differences under the New Accounting Standards

The tax differences is the enterprise according to the provisions of accounting standards to calculate the total profit and tax calculated according to the enterprise income tax＇s tax base taxable income differences. Enterprise accounting standards and tax for the same subject for different purposes, leading to both the principle is different, as well as for the same matter measurement and confirmation of different, resulting in tax differences. In this paper, from the aspect of theory to the study of tax differences, from tax differences that the tax law and accounting purposes different proceed with, on the basis of theoretical analysis, design a regression model from empirical research on tax differences. According to the 2009,2010 and201 lthree annual sample data regression results, discussed in the new＂ accounting standards for business enterprises＂ of corporate tax difference change tendency, and according to the tax law and accounting standards caused by the different effects of tax differences for the main project correlation analysis, so as to verify the theoretical expectations.

SAR Image Coregistration Using Fringe Definition Detection

In order to overcome the limitation of cross correlation coregistration method for Synthetic Aperture Radar （SAR） interferometric pairs with low coherence, a new image coregistration algorithm based on Fringe Definition Detection （FDD） is presented in this paper. The Fourier transformation was utilized to obtain spectrum characteristics of interferometric fringes. The ratio between spectrum mean and peak was proposed as the evaluation index for identifying homologous pixels from interferometric images. The satellites ERS-1/2 C-band SAR acquisitions covering the Yangtze River plain delta, eastern China and ALOS/PALSAR L-band images over the Longmen Shan mountainous area, southwestern China were respectively employed in the experiment to validate the proposed coregistration method. The testing results suggested that the derived Digital Elevation Model （DEM） from FDD method had good agreement with that from the cross correlation method as well as the reference DEM at high coherence area. However, The FDD method achieved a totally improved topographic mapping accuracy by 24 percent in comparison to the cross correlation method. The FDD method also showed better robustness and achieved relatively higher performance for SAR image eoregistration in mountainous areas with low coherence.