The decomposition of plant litter is a major process of equivalent status to primary production in ecosystem functioning.The spatiotemporal changes in the composition and dynamics of litter fungal community along a cl...The decomposition of plant litter is a major process of equivalent status to primary production in ecosystem functioning.The spatiotemporal changes in the composition and dynamics of litter fungal community along a climate gradient ranging from arid desert to humid-Mediterranean regions in Israel was examined using wheat straw litter bags placed at four selected sites along the climate gradient,arid,semi-arid,Mediterranean,and humid-Mediterranean sites.Litter samples were collected over a two-year decomposition period to evaluate litter weight loss,moisture,C:N ratio,fungal composition,and isolate density.The litter decomposition rate was found to be the highest during the first year of the study at the Mediterranean and arid sites.Although the Shannon-Wiener index values of the fungal communities in the litter samples were the highest at the humid-Mediterranean site,the number of fungal species was not significantly different between the four study sites.Different fungal groups were found to be related to different study sites:Basidiomycota,Mucoromycotina,and teleomorphic Ascomycota were associated with the humid-Mediterranean site,while Coelomycetes were mostly affected by the arid site.Our results indicate that climate factors play an important role in determining the structure of saprotrophic fungal communities in the decomposing litter and in mediating plant litter decomposition processes.展开更多
Aims The conifer litter is fairly recalcitrant and nutrient poor,and broadleaved litter promotes coniferous litter decomposition by increasing degradable nutrients and promoting microbial metabolism.Mixing Pinus masso...Aims The conifer litter is fairly recalcitrant and nutrient poor,and broadleaved litter promotes coniferous litter decomposition by increasing degradable nutrients and promoting microbial metabolism.Mixing Pinus massoniana litter and three broadleaved litters may increase the diversity and abundance of fungal decomposers compared with those in P.massoniana litter and vary depending on the number and proportion of broadleaved species included.Methods We analysed the composition and diversity of fungal communities during mixed litter decomposition in southwestern China with 35 treatments(P.massoniana,Toona sinensis,Cinnamomum camphora and Sassafras tzumu litter)using Illumina high-throughput sequencing.Important Findings The mixed litters increased fungal diversity and richness compared with those in the single-species litter,except in the following treatments:P.massoniana litter accounting for 70%-80%in the P.massoniana+T.sinensis,P.massoniana+S.tzumu+T.sinensis and P.massoniana+S.tzumu+C.camphora combinations,and P.massoniana+S.tzumu+C.camphora+T.sinensis combination with small proportion of T.sinensis litter.The diversity and richness of the 7:1:2 combination of P.massoniana+C.camphora+T.sinensis were significantly higher than those in the other treatments.Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the dominant phyla,and Aspergillus was the most abundant genus.The decomposition of litters from one needleleaf and one broadleaved species(6:4)and one needleleaf species and two broadleaved species(broadleaved litter accounting for 30%-40%)exhibited synergistic interactions throughout the decomposition process,and the relative abundance of fungi that decompose refractory substances increased.The P.massoniana+C.camphora+T.sinensis combination and a 30%-40%broadleaf litter proportion increased fungal diversity and accelerated the decomposition of recalcitrant coniferous litter.Therefore,C.camphora and T.sinensis are a potential candidate species for mixed planting with P.massoniana.展开更多
文摘The decomposition of plant litter is a major process of equivalent status to primary production in ecosystem functioning.The spatiotemporal changes in the composition and dynamics of litter fungal community along a climate gradient ranging from arid desert to humid-Mediterranean regions in Israel was examined using wheat straw litter bags placed at four selected sites along the climate gradient,arid,semi-arid,Mediterranean,and humid-Mediterranean sites.Litter samples were collected over a two-year decomposition period to evaluate litter weight loss,moisture,C:N ratio,fungal composition,and isolate density.The litter decomposition rate was found to be the highest during the first year of the study at the Mediterranean and arid sites.Although the Shannon-Wiener index values of the fungal communities in the litter samples were the highest at the humid-Mediterranean site,the number of fungal species was not significantly different between the four study sites.Different fungal groups were found to be related to different study sites:Basidiomycota,Mucoromycotina,and teleomorphic Ascomycota were associated with the humid-Mediterranean site,while Coelomycetes were mostly affected by the arid site.Our results indicate that climate factors play an important role in determining the structure of saprotrophic fungal communities in the decomposing litter and in mediating plant litter decomposition processes.
基金supported by an innovation research project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(no.31370628)the National Science and Technology Support Project of China(no.2011BAC09B05).
文摘Aims The conifer litter is fairly recalcitrant and nutrient poor,and broadleaved litter promotes coniferous litter decomposition by increasing degradable nutrients and promoting microbial metabolism.Mixing Pinus massoniana litter and three broadleaved litters may increase the diversity and abundance of fungal decomposers compared with those in P.massoniana litter and vary depending on the number and proportion of broadleaved species included.Methods We analysed the composition and diversity of fungal communities during mixed litter decomposition in southwestern China with 35 treatments(P.massoniana,Toona sinensis,Cinnamomum camphora and Sassafras tzumu litter)using Illumina high-throughput sequencing.Important Findings The mixed litters increased fungal diversity and richness compared with those in the single-species litter,except in the following treatments:P.massoniana litter accounting for 70%-80%in the P.massoniana+T.sinensis,P.massoniana+S.tzumu+T.sinensis and P.massoniana+S.tzumu+C.camphora combinations,and P.massoniana+S.tzumu+C.camphora+T.sinensis combination with small proportion of T.sinensis litter.The diversity and richness of the 7:1:2 combination of P.massoniana+C.camphora+T.sinensis were significantly higher than those in the other treatments.Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the dominant phyla,and Aspergillus was the most abundant genus.The decomposition of litters from one needleleaf and one broadleaved species(6:4)and one needleleaf species and two broadleaved species(broadleaved litter accounting for 30%-40%)exhibited synergistic interactions throughout the decomposition process,and the relative abundance of fungi that decompose refractory substances increased.The P.massoniana+C.camphora+T.sinensis combination and a 30%-40%broadleaf litter proportion increased fungal diversity and accelerated the decomposition of recalcitrant coniferous litter.Therefore,C.camphora and T.sinensis are a potential candidate species for mixed planting with P.massoniana.
