乳扇加工工艺对凝团相关特性的影响

研究了乳扇加工工艺对凝团相关特性的影响。根据获得的TPA试验数据,确定乳扇的最佳加工工艺为,在72℃(15～20 s)条件下杀菌原料乳,冷却至60℃,加入酸浆,控制点浆凝乳pH值为4.6,搓揉成团,同时用pH值为4.6的酸浆洗涤,在65℃温度下,洗涤4 min,在此工艺条件下,乳扇的校正出品率达6.46%,总蛋白利用率为72.61%,脂肪利用率为71.74%。

直流电场对AP/HTPB/Al复合固体推进剂燃烧特性的影响

为研究直流电场对AP/HTPB/Al复合固体推进剂的燃烧特性的影响,进行了不同电场下的推进剂药条燃烧实验;通过高速可视化拍摄方法,对推进剂药条的燃烧火焰、燃面退移过程及铝凝团运动轨迹进行了观察,分析了不同加载电压对燃烧火焰、燃速及铝凝团散射速度的影响;采用运动学分析方法计算了铝凝团粒子的平均荷质比和受力情况。结果表明:高压电场产生的离子风可以显著改变药条燃烧的火焰形状;药条的燃速随着加载电压的升高而增大,且反向电场对燃速的影响更为显著,最大可提高37%的燃速;铝凝团粒子带正电,平均荷质比约为(1.58±0.04)×10^(-3)C/kg,随着反向电场强度的增加,铝凝团粒子所受的电场力逐步增大,最大可达重力的19倍,散射速度逐步降低,平均散射速度最大可降低49%。

不同工艺参数对乳扇质构的影响

本试验研究了不同工艺参数对乳扇质构的影响,根据TPA试验数据获得乳扇加工的最佳工艺条件。结果显示,将原料乳杀菌加热至65℃与酸木瓜汁混合进行凝乳,调节凝乳乳清p H值为4.8、凝乳时间60s揉捏成团,在洗涤温度70℃条件下,洗涤4min加工制得的乳扇凝团硬度、弹性、内聚性、黏附性、胶黏性等质构特性较好。

Simulation of formation and evolution of nano-clusters during rapid solidification of liquid Ca_(70)Mg_(30) alloy

A molecular dynamics simulation study was performed to investigate the formation and evolution mechanisms of nano-clusters during the rapid solidification of liquid CaToMg30 alloy. The cluster-type index method （CTIM） was adopted to describe microstructure evolutions of nano-clusters during solidification. Results indicate that amorphous structure is mainly formed with three bond-types of 1551, 1541 and 1431 at the cooling rate of 5~1011 K/S, and glass transition temperature Tg is about 530 K; the icosahedron cluster of （12 0 12 0） plays a key role in formation of amorphous structure, and smaller Mg atoms are much more probable to be central atoms of icosahedron clusters; and nano-clusters are mainly formed by combining medium-size clusters. Interestingly, it was also found that formation and evolution processes of the nano-cluster display a three-stage feature which is analogous to crystallization process of amorphous alloy.

Effect of cooling rates on clustering towards icosahedra in rapidly solidified Cu_(56)Zr_(44) alloy

The rapid solidification processes of liquid Cu56Zr44 alloys at different cooling rates （γ） were simulated by a molecular dynamics （MD） method. In order to assess the influence of cooling rate on the clustering tendency and degree towards icosahedrons, a ten-indices＇ cluster-type index method was suggested to characterize the local atomic structures in the super-cooled liquid and the rapidly solidified solid. And their clustering and ordering degrees as well as the packing density of ieosahedral clusters were also evaluated by an icosahedral clustering degree （fI）, the chemical order parameter （ηαβ） and densification coefficients （D0, DI and DIS）, respectively. Results show that the main local atomic configurations in Cu56Zr44 alloy system are Z12 clusters centered by Cu, and most of which are （12 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0） standard icosahedra and （12 0 8 0 0 0 2 2 0 0） as well as （12 2 8 2 0 0 0 0 0 0） defective icosahedra. Below glass transition temperature （Tg）, these icosahedral clusters will be coalesced to various icosahedral medium-range orders （IMROs） by IS linkages, namely, icosahedral bond, and their number N, size n, order parameter ηαβ as well as spatial distributions vary with y. As the cooling rate exceeds the critical value （γc） at which a glassy transition can take place, a lower cooling rate, e.g., γ1=10^1K/ns, is demonstrated to be favorable to uplift the number of icosahedra and enlarge the size of IMROs compared with the higher cooling rates, e.g., γ5=10^5 K/ns, and their packing density and clustering degree towards icosahedra in the rapidly solidified solid can also benefit from the slow cooling process.

神秘莫测的“人体自焚”

你听说过这种令人毛骨悚然的事吗？一个好端端的人，竟会无缘无故由体内燃起大火，倾刻问即化为灰烬，这种奇异的“人体自焚”现象，至今仍是未解之谜。据说全世界有记载的人体自焚现象已达220多例,男女均有，年龄晟小的4个月、最大的114岁。这些事例太都发生在日常生括中，甚至走路、开车、跳舞、洗澡时，简直使人猝不及防。

Pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumor caused by Cryptococcus presenting multiple nodules in bilateral lungs

By now there are a few reports describing a case of pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumor,presenting multiple nodules in bilateral lungs and a pseudotumor caused by fungus infection is also a very rare disease.Here we report a rare case of pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumor with confirmed cause by Cryptococcus infection presenting multiple nodules in bilateral lungs.

Argillization mechanics of rock from the Xing’anling Group in the Beier depression of the Hailar basin

The reservoir of the Xing'anling Group in the Beier depression of the Hailar basin is loosely cemented with many tuffaceous grains.This causes argillization and collapse of the grain framework of the reservoir sandstones.A detailed study on the characteristics of rocks and minerals was carried out through polarized microscope,X-ray diffraction,X-ray fluorescence,SEM and energy spectrum analysis.The results indicate that the reason for argillization is the abundant pyroclastic,and especially tuffaceous,grains in the reservoir.The alkaline component is relatively high in some strata.These are easily altered to montmorillonite in diagenesis.Na+montmorillonite swells strongly when exposed to water.This is the fundamental reason for the reservoir's argillization and plugging.

Effect of magnetic seeding agglomeration on flotation of fine minerals

Magnetic seeding agglomeration(MSA),i.e.,adding magnetic seeds and a low intensity pre-magnetization for fine agglomeration,was applied to the flotation of coal,pyrite and hematite ore slimes.Size analysis and flotation tests highlight that the MSA improved flotation recovery and kinetics of pyrite ore while causing some loss in selectivity,and in the presences of the polyacrylamide for coal and starch for hematite the agglomeration flotation was further strengthened due to the synergetic effect between the flocculants and magnetic seeds.Magnetism analyses and calculation confirmed the adsorption of magnetic seeds onto minerals,resulting in a decreased threshold magnetic field intensity for the MSA to happen.Then atomic force microscope(AFM)study found that there exists a long range force between magnetic seeds and minerals,which facilitates the adsorption of magnetic seeds on minerals.FTIR shows both the polyacrylamide and starch adsorbed onto minerals and magnetic seeds,thus acting as the bridging media between minerals and magnetic seeds,intensifying the agglomeration in flotation.Surface characterization of the MSA was understood by SEM imaging,and models of the MSA were proposed.

Synthesis and Conductivity of Oxyapatite Ionic Conductor La10-xVx（SiO4）6O3＋x

Apatite-lanthanum silicate has attracted considerable interest in recent years due to its high oxide ion conductivity.In this paper,V-doped samples La10-xVx(SiO4) 6O3+x(0≤x≤1.5) were prepared by sol-gel method and the influences of V-dopant content on calcining temperature and conductivity were reported.The samples were characterized by thermal analysis(TG-DSC) ,X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron micrograph(SEM) . The apatite was obtained at 800°C,a relatively low temperature in comparison to 1500°C with the conventional solid-state method.The ceramic pellets sintered at 1200°C for 5 h showed a higher relative density than La9.33Si6O26 pellets sintered at 1400°C for 20 h.The conductivities of samples were measured by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.The conductivity was improved with the increase of V-dopant content on La site.

Solid−solid phase transition of tungsten induced by high pressure:A molecular dynamics simulation

The phase transition of tungsten(W)under high pressures was investigated with molecular dynamics simulation.The structure was characterized in terms of the pair distribution function and the largest standard cluster analysis(LSCA).It is found that under 40−100 GPa at a cooling rate of 0.1 K/ps a pure W melt first crystallizes into the body-centred cubic(BCC)crystal,and then transfers into the hexagonal close-packed(HCP)crystal through a series of BCC−HCP coexisting states.The dynamic factors may induce intermediate stages during the liquid−solid transition and the criss-cross grain boundaries cause lots of indistinguishable intermediate states,making the first-order BCC−HCP transition appear to be continuous.Furthermore,LSCA is shown to be a parameter-free method that can effectively analyze both ordered and disordered structures.Therefore,LSCA can detect more details about the evolution of the structure in such structure transition processes with rich intermediate structures.

雪中的思念

轻盈的雪花,从灰色的苍穹纷纷而至,盛大的舞蹈缤纷季节。我爱雪,爱晶莹剔透的雪花装扮的冰清玉洁的世界。

Syntheses of bifunctional molecules containing [12]aneN_3 and carbazol moieties as effective DNA condensation agents

Bifunctional molecules containing macrocyclic polyamine [12]aneN3 and carbazol units, 1-4, have been efficiently synthe sized and fully characterized. Through gel electrophoresis, atomic force microscopy, and dynamic light scattering experiments, compounds 3 and 4b bearing both [12]aneN3 and carbazol moieties showed effective DNA condensation ability at the concen- tration of 80 jaM. Investigations from EB displacement fluorescence spectra, viscosity titration, and ionic strength effects re vealed that the effective DNA condensation comes from the appropriate combination of carbazol and [12]aneN3 units in the bifunctional molecules, and the DNA condensation process is reversible. The incorporation of triazole units in the molecules clearly reduced the cytotoxicity.

Adhesive aero-hydrogel hybrid conductor assembled from silver nanowire architectures

Conductive and adhesive hydrogels are promising materials for designing bioelectronics.To satisfy the high conductivity of bioelectronic devices,metal nanomaterials have been used to fabricate composite hydrogels.However,the fabrication of a conductive-nanomaterial-incorporated hydrogel with high performance is a great challenge because of the easy aggregation nature of conductive nanomaterials making processing difficult.Here,we report a kind of adhesive aero-hydrogel hybrid conductor(AAHC)with stretchable,adhesive and anti-bacteria properties by in situ formation of a hydrogel network in the aerogel-silver nanowires(AgNWs)assembly.The AgNWs with good conductivity are wellintegrated on the inner-surface of shape-memory chitosan aerogel,which created a conductive framework to allow hydrogel back-filling.Reinforcement by the aerogel-silver makes the hybrid hydrogel tough and stretchable.Functional groups from the hydrogel allow strong adhesion to wet tissues through molecular stitches.The inherent bacteria-killing ability of silver ions endows the conductive hydrogel with excellent anti-bacteria performance.The proposed facile strategy of aerogel-assisted assembly of metal nanomaterials with hydrogel opens a new route to incorporate functional nanoscale building blocks into hydrogels.