为提高凝固型酸奶的品质及安全性,将1%、1.5%、2%、2.5%、3%、4%、5%乳清蛋白粉(Whey protein powder,WPP)加入全脂乳粉中生产酸奶,以不添加WPP的凝固型酸奶为对照组,测定酸奶酸度、持水力(WHC)、脱水收缩敏感性(STS)、质构特性、流变...为提高凝固型酸奶的品质及安全性,将1%、1.5%、2%、2.5%、3%、4%、5%乳清蛋白粉(Whey protein powder,WPP)加入全脂乳粉中生产酸奶,以不添加WPP的凝固型酸奶为对照组,测定酸奶酸度、持水力(WHC)、脱水收缩敏感性(STS)、质构特性、流变学特性和微观结构变化,并进行感官评定,研究不同添加量乳清蛋白粉对凝固型酸奶品质特性的影响,以确定WPP最适添加量。结果表明:随着乳清蛋白粉添加量的增加,酸奶的滴定酸度、持水力、乳酸菌总数、硬度、胶着性、粘弹性、凝胶性逐渐增加,脱水收缩敏感性(STS)逐渐减小;当WPP添加量为2%时,酸奶的持水力、粘弹性都明显提升,STS明显降低,且具有较好的口感、更连续的网络结构,与对照组相比综合品质得到明显提高。展开更多
Cement-based composite grouting materials were used to construct grouting cutoff wall for heavy metal contaminated soil in non-ferrous metal mining areas. Cement, fly ash, and slag as principal ingredients were mixed ...Cement-based composite grouting materials were used to construct grouting cutoff wall for heavy metal contaminated soil in non-ferrous metal mining areas. Cement, fly ash, and slag as principal ingredients were mixed with water glass in different ways to produce three composite grouting materials. In order to investigate the effect of water glass mixing ratio, Baume degree, fly ash and slag contents on the mechanical properties of the composite grouting materials, particularly their gel time and compressive strength, the beaker-to-beaker method of gel time test and unconfined compressive strength test were conducted. In addition, the phase composition and microstructure of the composite grouting materials were analyzed by the X-ray diffraction（XRD） and scanning electron microscope（SEM） techniques. The test results show that their gel time increases when water glass mixing ratio and Baume degree increase. The gel time increases dramatically when fly ash is added, but decreases slightly if fly ash is partly replaced by slag. When the mixing ratio of water glass is below 20%, their compressive strength increases with the increases of the ratio; when the ratio is above 20%, it significantly decreases. The compressive strength also tends to increase as Baume degree increases, and improves if fly ash and slag are added.展开更多
文摘为提高凝固型酸奶的品质及安全性,将1%、1.5%、2%、2.5%、3%、4%、5%乳清蛋白粉(Whey protein powder,WPP)加入全脂乳粉中生产酸奶,以不添加WPP的凝固型酸奶为对照组,测定酸奶酸度、持水力(WHC)、脱水收缩敏感性(STS)、质构特性、流变学特性和微观结构变化,并进行感官评定,研究不同添加量乳清蛋白粉对凝固型酸奶品质特性的影响,以确定WPP最适添加量。结果表明:随着乳清蛋白粉添加量的增加,酸奶的滴定酸度、持水力、乳酸菌总数、硬度、胶着性、粘弹性、凝胶性逐渐增加,脱水收缩敏感性(STS)逐渐减小;当WPP添加量为2%时,酸奶的持水力、粘弹性都明显提升,STS明显降低,且具有较好的口感、更连续的网络结构,与对照组相比综合品质得到明显提高。
基金Projects(41472278,41202220)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(20120022120003)supported by the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education,China+1 种基金Project(51900265647)supported by the Beijing Higher Education Young Elite Teacher Project,ChinaProject(2652012065)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China
文摘Cement-based composite grouting materials were used to construct grouting cutoff wall for heavy metal contaminated soil in non-ferrous metal mining areas. Cement, fly ash, and slag as principal ingredients were mixed with water glass in different ways to produce three composite grouting materials. In order to investigate the effect of water glass mixing ratio, Baume degree, fly ash and slag contents on the mechanical properties of the composite grouting materials, particularly their gel time and compressive strength, the beaker-to-beaker method of gel time test and unconfined compressive strength test were conducted. In addition, the phase composition and microstructure of the composite grouting materials were analyzed by the X-ray diffraction（XRD） and scanning electron microscope（SEM） techniques. The test results show that their gel time increases when water glass mixing ratio and Baume degree increase. The gel time increases dramatically when fly ash is added, but decreases slightly if fly ash is partly replaced by slag. When the mixing ratio of water glass is below 20%, their compressive strength increases with the increases of the ratio; when the ratio is above 20%, it significantly decreases. The compressive strength also tends to increase as Baume degree increases, and improves if fly ash and slag are added.
