速凝铸带厚度对烧结NdFeB强韧性和磁性能的影响

研究了烧结NdFeB磁体强韧性和磁性能对速凝铸带厚度的依赖性。结果表明:磁体的抗弯强度随着铸带厚度的减小而迅速增大,当铸带较薄时,带内的微细晶制粉时形成较多氧化的细小颗粒,它们能有效延缓烧结过程中的晶粒生长速度。由断裂强度公式得知,晶粒越小,磁体抗弯强度越高,因此用0.38mm厚铸带制成的磁体抗弯强度比0.45mm厚铸带制成的磁体大得多。同时,铸带厚度为0.45mm时,带内晶粒尺寸分布较好(3μm^5μm),此厚度铸带制备的磁体磁性能可获得最佳值。

提高速凝铸带母合金制备的烧结钕铁硼磁体磁性能的研究

通过对速凝带钕铁硼母合金制备烧结钕铁硼永磁体后续工艺的研究,发现对速凝带进行900℃等温热处理,200℃和0.1MPa条件下氢破碎,可以有效地提高磁体的性能,改善退磁曲线的方形度。

采用速凝铸造工艺制备烧结NdFeB永磁体

概述了国内外在生产烧结NdFeB永磁体中,采用速凝铸造工艺制备磁体合金的研究进展,并介绍了一些有利于提高磁体性能的先进方法。同时分析总结了速凝铸造对提高磁体性能的部分机理。

速凝铸造工艺制造高性能烧结Nd-Fe-B磁体

研究了用速凝铸造工艺制造高性能烧结Nd Fe B磁体·同传统的铸锭工艺相比,速凝铸造工艺细化柱状晶,阻止α Fe枝晶相的产生,改善了铸态合金的微观结构·柱状晶宽度基本在5～25μm之间,尺寸较均匀;在制粉过程中容易得到粒度分布较好的磁粉;富Nd相分布较好,所以在较低烧结温度下可得到较高密度的磁体;由于具有细小均匀的微结构,利用速凝铸带工艺烧结出的磁体具有更高的Br,Hci和(BH)max·

速凝铸带制备工艺的改进

本文对烧结钕铁硼的速凝铸带工艺进行了改进研究。铸带浇铸过程中增加了过渡包,调整浇出口的位置、配合铜辊速度,可以使合金液以较稳定的速度和流量浇到旋转的铜辊上。改进后制备的铸带表面比较光滑,形状非常规则,厚度均一,并且硬磁性相和富Nd相弥散分布,铸带内晶粒大小比较均匀,大部分厚度层间距在3-5μm。最终制备的磁体磁能积比改造前显著提高了约30kJ/m3。

热处理对钕铁硼速凝带母合金结构及烧结磁体性能的影响

本文对速凝铸造工艺制备的钕铁硼母合金速凝带进行等温热处理 ,实验表明 ,热处理后的速凝带母合金组织结构发生变化 ,出现富钕相团聚 ,细小的片状晶融合长大。在 90 0℃左右对速凝带进行热处理 ,可以获得较好的磁性能。

合金制备工艺对烧结NdFeB磁性能的影响

研究了铸锭和速凝铸带工艺对NdFeB磁体磁性能的影响。结果表明:在相同制备工艺条件下,铸锭工艺制备的磁体磁能积比铸带工艺制备的磁能积低30kJ/m3。建立磁粉受力模型并分析可知:铸锭合金内的晶粒尺寸粗大,制粉时磁粉表面容易形成尖锐不规则形状,导致磁粉间的摩擦阻力较大,而且大的颗粒半径易形成多晶,降低了颗粒的饱和磁化温度Ms。速凝铸带合金主相和富稀土相呈片层状间隔分布,气流磨磁粉粒度分布比较集中,有更高的饱和磁化强度,由此导致磁粉取向度、磁体磁性能均高于铸锭合金。

Simulation of microstructures in solidification of aluminum twin-roll casting

Based on the research on the solidification of twin-roll continuous casting aluminum thin strip, the analytical model of heterogeneous nucleation, the growth kinetics of tip （KGT） and columnar dendrite transformation to equiaxed dendrite （CET） of twin-roll continuous casting aluminum thin strip solidification was established by means of the principle of metal solidification and modem computer emulational technology. Meantime, based on the cellular automaton, the emulational model of twin-roll continuous casting aluminum thin strip, solidification was established. The foundation for the emulational simulation of twin-roll casting thin strip solidification structure was laid. Meanwhile, the mathematical simulation feasibility was confirmed by using the solidification process of twin-roll continuous casting aluminum thin strip.

铽镝铁合金制备烧结钕铁硼的研究

以铽镝铁合金或镝铁合金+金属铽为原料,采用相同的熔炼设备和工艺,制备高性能烧结钕铁硼。对比了配料比例相同但加入方式不同所得速凝铸片的厚度分布、化学成分、显微组织、毛坯磁体磁性能,进一步考察了降低铽含量之后磁体磁性能的变化。钕铁硼合金成分设计为RE(Pr,Nd,Tb,Dy)_(32.6)M(Fe,Co,Al,Ga,Cu,Nb,Zr)_(bal)B_(1.0)(质量分数)。研究结果表明,两种原料加入方式获得的速凝铸片外观、厚度分布、显微组织无明显变化,但以铽镝铁合金加入方式得到的速凝铸片中铽的有效成分提高10.71%,制备的毛坯矫顽力提高14.04%,而剩磁略低。以铽镝铁合金为原料,但铽的用量比镝铁合金+金属铽原料降低10%,制备的毛坯磁性能与后者制备的相当,从而大大节约了稀土资源。

Influence of pouring temperature on solidification behavior, microstructure and mechanical properties of sand-cast Mg-10Gd-3Y-0.4Zr alloy

Influence of the pouring temperature ranging from 680 to 780 ℃ on the solidification behavior, the microstructure and mechanical properties of the sand-cast Mg-10Gd-3Y-0.4Zr alloy was investigated. It was found that the nucleation undercooling of the a-Mg phase increased from 2.3 to 6.3 ℃. The average a-Mg grain size increased from 44 to 71 μm, but then decreased to 46 μm. The morphology of the eutectic compound transformed from a continuous network into a discontinuous state and then subsequently into an island-like block. The volume fraction of β-Mg_24RE_5 phase increased and its morphology transformed from particle into rod-like. The increase in pouring temperature increased the solute concentration. YS increased from 138 to 151 MPa, and UTS increased from 186 to 197 MPa. The alloy poured at 750 ℃ had optimal combining strength and ductility. The fracture surface mode transformed from quasi-cleavage crack into transgranular fracture, all plus the dimple-like fracture, with the micro-porosity and the re-oxidation inclusion as major defects. The average a-Mg grain size played a main role in the YS of sand-cast Mg-10Gd-3Y-0.4Zr alloy, besides other factors, i.e. micro-porosity, morphology of eutectic compounds, re-oxidation inclusion and solute concentration.

Heat transfer behavior of AZ80-1%Y alloy during low-frequency electromagnetic casting

Heat transfer behaviors of AZ80?1%Y alloy during low frequency electromagnetic casting (LFEC) and direct chilling casting were studied by in-situ temperature measurement. The results demonstrated that the low frequency electromagnetic field (EM) caused forced convection in the melt during LFEC. The forced convection led to uniform solidification velocity and temperature field. EM frequency, excitation current intensity and casting temperature could control the heat transfer behavior. The forced convection could improve the microstructure and degrade the difference in microstructure between the edge and center of billet. Appropriate parameters of low frequency EM for casting Mg alloy are 20 Hz of frequency and 60 A of electric current intensity.

Solidification of horizontally continuous casting of super-thin slab in stable magnetic field and alternating current

The solidified structures of horizontally continuous casting（HCC） of super-thin slab and its relations with the current were studied under the electromagnetic vibration（EMV）.The results show that,under the action of the periodical forces from EMV,the solidified structures of the super-thin slab of pure tin is greatly refined,and the extent of grain refinement is increased with the magnitude of alternating current.For the Sn-10%Pb alloy,it is shown that the EMV promotes the growth of equiaxed grains in the center of super-thin slab,and the grains are refined with the alternating current increasing.This is useful to prevent some solidification defects in the horizontally continuous casting of super-thin slab,such as columnar grains butting,porosity,inclusions and gases gathering,and composition segregation in the centre of slab.

Influence of cooling rate on solidification behavior of sand-cast Mg-10Gd-3Y-0.4Zr alloy

The effect of the cooling rate ranging from 1.4 °C/s to 3.5 °C/s on the solidification behavior of the sand-cast Mg?10Gd?3Y?0.4Zr alloy was studied by computer aided cooling curve analysis (CA-CCA). With the increase in cooling rate, the nucleation temperature (Tα,N) increases from 634.8 °C to 636.3 °C, the minimum temperature (Tα,Min) decreases from 631.9 °C to 630.7 °C, the nucleation undercooling (ΔTN) increases from 2.9 °C to 5.6 °C, the beginning temperature of the eutectic reaction (Teut,N) increases, the time of the eutectic reaction shortens, solidus temperature decreases from 546.0 °C to 541.4 °C, and solidification temperature range (ΔTS) increases by 6.1 °C. The increased nucleation rate (N&) is supposed to be the main reason for the increased?TN. Increased value (Teut,N?Teut,G) and shortened time of the eutectic reaction cause the change in the volume fraction and morphology of the second phase.

铝合金超常铸轧制备

我国铝材消费的潜在市场非常巨大。2001年，我国全国铝板带消费量为130万吨，年消费增长率达15％。但我国人均年消费铝板带仅2kg，美国的这一数据为30kg。据预测，2010年，我国铝板带消费量将达到300～350万吨。我国每年高性能铝板带40％依赖进口，耗资约100亿元。如2001年制罐板消费15万吨，国产仅1万吨；磁盘基板全部进口，军用铝板大部分进口。巨大的供需缺口，驱动市场迅速发展优质铝板带生产能力。

Microstructure and crystal growth direction of Al-Cu alloy

The microstructures and crystal growth directions of permanent mould casting（PMC） and directionally solidified（DS） Al-Cu alloys with different contents of Cu were investigated. Simultaneously, the effects of pouring temperature on the microstructure and crystal growth direction of permanent mould casting pure Al were also discussed. The results indicate that the α（Al） crystals in the pure Al do not always keep common columnar grains, but change from the columnar grains to columnar dendrites with developed arms as the pouring temperature rises. The growth direction also varies with the change of pouring temperature. Cu element has similar effects on the microstructures of the PMC and DS casting Al-Cu alloys and the α（Al） crystals gradually change from columnar crystals in turn to columnar dendrites and developed equiaxed dendrites as the Cu content increases. The crystal growth direction in the PMC alloys gradually approaches （110） orientation with increasing Cu content. But the resulting crystals with growth direction of （110） do not belong to feathery grains. There are also no feathery grains to form in all of the DS Al-Cu alloys.

Evolution of V-containing phases during preparation of Al-based Al−V master alloys

Al-based Al−V master alloys were prepared by both the stepwise heating melting experiment and stepwise melting cooling experiment with rapid solidification to investigate the transformation of V-containing phases which gave different effects on microstructures and properties of commercial Al alloys and Ti alloys,as both melting and solidification processes affect the evolution of V-containing phases largely.The results showed that the raw Al−50wt.%V alloy consisted of needle-like Al_(3)V phase and Al8V5 phase(matrix),while petal-like Al_(3)V,needle-like Al_(7)V and plate-like Al_(10)V phase were present in the Al−V master alloys.The metastable Al_(7)V phase was evolved from Al_(3)V phase and then evolved into Al_(10)V phase during melting process.The number of Al_(10)V phase increased with the decrease of temperature in the range of 800−1000℃.Petal-like Al_(3)V phases could be transformed from Al_(8)V_(5) phase,pre-precipitated from Al−V molten liquid during melting process and precipitated directly during rapid solidification,respectively.

Application of orthogonal experimental design and Tikhonov regularization method for the identification of parameters in the casting solidification process

The inverse heat conduction method is one of methods to identify the casting simulation parameters. A new inverse method was presented according to the Tikhonov regularization theory. One appropriate regularized functional was established, and the functional was solved by the sensitivity coefficient and Newtonaphson iteration method. Moreover, the orthogonal experimental design was used to estimate the appropriate initial value and variation domain of each variable to decrease the number of iteration and improve the identification accuracy and efficiency. It illustrated a detailed case of AlSiTMg sand mold casting and the temperature measurement experiment was done. The physical properties of sand mold and the interracial heat transfer coefficient were identified at the meantime. The results indicated that the new regularization method was efficient in overcoming the ill-posedness of the inverse heat conduction problem and improving the stability and accuracy of the solutions.

Numerical simulation of solidification morphologies of Cu-0.6Cr casting alloy using modified cellular automaton model

The purpose of this study is to predict the morphologies in the solidification process for Cu-0.6Cr(mass fraction,%)alloy by vacuum continuous casting(VCC)and verify its accuracy by the observed experimental results.In numerical simulation aspect, finite difference(FD)method and modified cellular automaton(MCA)model were used to simulate the macro-temperature field, micro-concentration field,nucleation and grain growth of Cu-0.6Cr alloy using real data from actual casting operations.From the observed casting experiment,the preliminary grain morphologies are the directional columnar grains by the VCC process.The solidification morphologies by MCAFD model are in agreement with the result of actual casting experiment well.

Research on Gelcasting Formation of SiC-Al_2O_3-Y_2O_3-La_2O_3 Systems

The rheological behavior and gelcasting of composite suspensions of SiC and synthesized Al 2O 3-Y 2O 3-La 2O 3 powder as sintering aid were investigated. It was found that the rheological behavior of SiC particles could be modified with a slightly oxidized surface that was similar to silica in colloidal behavior. The smaller the particles were, the more similar to silica the SiC powder was. The pH value of Al 2O 3-Y 2O 3-La 2O 3 synthesized powder slurry at isoelectric points (IEP) is higher than that of SiC powder. The dispersant PAA-NH 4 changes the IEP of both SiC and Al 2O 3-Y 2O 3-La 2O 3 powder slurry to higher pH values. The experimental results indicate that the composite suspension could possess satisfactory stability and lower viscosity at pH =10.1 and PAA-NH 4 as dispersant. The optimum solid loading was 550 0 in volume. Machinable green bodies with uniform complex shape are gained after molding.