Much data such as geometric image data and drawings have graph structures. Such data are called graph structured data. In order to manage efficiently such graph structured data, we need to analyze and abstract graph s...Much data such as geometric image data and drawings have graph structures. Such data are called graph structured data. In order to manage efficiently such graph structured data, we need to analyze and abstract graph structures of such data. The purpose of this paper is to find knowledge representations which indicate plural abstractions of graph structured data. Firstly, we introduce a term graph as a graph pattern having structural variables, and a substitution over term graphs which is graph rewriting system. Next, for a graph G, we define a multiple layer ( g,(θ 1,…,θ k )) of G as a pair of a term graph g and a list of k substitutions θ 1,…,θ k such that G can be obtained from g by applying substitutions θ 1,…,θ k to g. In the same way, for a set S of graphs, we also define a multiple layer for S as a pair ( D,Θ ) of a set D of term graphs and a list Θ of substitutions. Secondly, for a graph G and a set S of graphs, we present effective algorithms for extracting minimal multiple layers of G and S which give us stratifying abstractions of G and S, respectively. Finally, we report experimental results obtained by applying our algorithms to both artificial data and drawings of power plants which are real world data.展开更多
Software for medical image analysis and visualization is an important tool in medical research and diagnosis. Development and usage of medical image processing toolkit have become an important research trend. It is a ...Software for medical image analysis and visualization is an important tool in medical research and diagnosis. Development and usage of medical image processing toolkit have become an important research trend. It is a fundamental task to master their image rendering principles and data organization mode in order to use these toolkits. MITK （Medical Imaging Toolkit, from www.mitk.net） with the important characteristics of inheritance and virtual function uses the Object-Oriented design approach. This paper researches the data organization mode and coordinate translation of MITK and presents an algorithm based on OpenGL to rewrite the image-rendering function of MITK. Using the algorithm, the rewritten rendering function has the same rendering effect as the one in MITK. By rewriting the virtual image-rendering function and using the capability that a view window can load many data model, users can neatly render various graphics and images. Though the researches of this paper are based on the mitklmageModel class, the algorithm also is fit for 2D ＂widgets＂ class.展开更多
Christopoulou Demetra（In his work, Hermann Weyl （1926） addresses the issue of abstraction principles, an issue that has been broadly discussed during the last decades with regard to the Neo-Fregean program. This pa...Christopoulou Demetra（In his work, Hermann Weyl （1926） addresses the issue of abstraction principles, an issue that has been broadly discussed during the last decades with regard to the Neo-Fregean program. This paper aims to show off the way Weyl＇s account of abstraction could offer a reply to Benacerraf＇s （1973） challenge to realism. Benacerraf argued that mathematical realism is not associated with a plausible epistemology about human access to abstract objects. Weyl deals with the method of abstraction by investigating certain cases of Fregean abstraction principles. He thinks that we can introduce shapes of geometrical images, integers mod m, circles, directions of lines etc. by means of certain creative acts of consciousness, especially intentionality towards proper relations between the elements of an initial domain. Weyl puts emphasis on intentions towards certain invariant characteristics of items that are involved in equivalence relations. Further, he claims that those invariants are transformed into ideal objects through a finite process that is involved in intuition. This paper, in the first place, attempts to make explicit Weyl＇s phenomenological leanings. Secondly, it argues that Weyl＇s explanation of how ideal mathematical objects become present to mind can address the epistemic issue concerning mathematical knowledge and can also be associated with a particular view which is implicit in his philosophy and retains realistic elements. Hence, it can address Benacerraf＇s problem.展开更多
文摘Much data such as geometric image data and drawings have graph structures. Such data are called graph structured data. In order to manage efficiently such graph structured data, we need to analyze and abstract graph structures of such data. The purpose of this paper is to find knowledge representations which indicate plural abstractions of graph structured data. Firstly, we introduce a term graph as a graph pattern having structural variables, and a substitution over term graphs which is graph rewriting system. Next, for a graph G, we define a multiple layer ( g,(θ 1,…,θ k )) of G as a pair of a term graph g and a list of k substitutions θ 1,…,θ k such that G can be obtained from g by applying substitutions θ 1,…,θ k to g. In the same way, for a set S of graphs, we also define a multiple layer for S as a pair ( D,Θ ) of a set D of term graphs and a list Θ of substitutions. Secondly, for a graph G and a set S of graphs, we present effective algorithms for extracting minimal multiple layers of G and S which give us stratifying abstractions of G and S, respectively. Finally, we report experimental results obtained by applying our algorithms to both artificial data and drawings of power plants which are real world data.
文摘Software for medical image analysis and visualization is an important tool in medical research and diagnosis. Development and usage of medical image processing toolkit have become an important research trend. It is a fundamental task to master their image rendering principles and data organization mode in order to use these toolkits. MITK （Medical Imaging Toolkit, from www.mitk.net） with the important characteristics of inheritance and virtual function uses the Object-Oriented design approach. This paper researches the data organization mode and coordinate translation of MITK and presents an algorithm based on OpenGL to rewrite the image-rendering function of MITK. Using the algorithm, the rewritten rendering function has the same rendering effect as the one in MITK. By rewriting the virtual image-rendering function and using the capability that a view window can load many data model, users can neatly render various graphics and images. Though the researches of this paper are based on the mitklmageModel class, the algorithm also is fit for 2D ＂widgets＂ class.
文摘Christopoulou Demetra（In his work, Hermann Weyl （1926） addresses the issue of abstraction principles, an issue that has been broadly discussed during the last decades with regard to the Neo-Fregean program. This paper aims to show off the way Weyl＇s account of abstraction could offer a reply to Benacerraf＇s （1973） challenge to realism. Benacerraf argued that mathematical realism is not associated with a plausible epistemology about human access to abstract objects. Weyl deals with the method of abstraction by investigating certain cases of Fregean abstraction principles. He thinks that we can introduce shapes of geometrical images, integers mod m, circles, directions of lines etc. by means of certain creative acts of consciousness, especially intentionality towards proper relations between the elements of an initial domain. Weyl puts emphasis on intentions towards certain invariant characteristics of items that are involved in equivalence relations. Further, he claims that those invariants are transformed into ideal objects through a finite process that is involved in intuition. This paper, in the first place, attempts to make explicit Weyl＇s phenomenological leanings. Secondly, it argues that Weyl＇s explanation of how ideal mathematical objects become present to mind can address the epistemic issue concerning mathematical knowledge and can also be associated with a particular view which is implicit in his philosophy and retains realistic elements. Hence, it can address Benacerraf＇s problem.
